Haim R. Branisteanu

Elbit Michael Federman 11/16/2015, CONFIDENTIAL Page 1 of 4

12 Gotlieb Street Tel Aviv 64-392

Tel 03-523-2744 or Cellphone 054-226-8216

4 Pages by fax CONFIDENTIAL November 16, 2015

Mr. Michael Federmann .

Federman Enterprises Ltd.,

Chairman at Elbit Systems Ltd.

99 Hayarkon St. Tel Aviv, 63432 Israel Fax +972 3 524 8722

Ref: Proposal of new products for Elbit Systems or Federmann Enterprises and Elbit Systems

Dear Mr. Michael Federmann;

1. After various discussions with certain Elbit Systems scientist, I wanted to bring to your

attention a business proposal of developing a new family of products within the electrical

renewable field, which will serve the various renewable energy installations and their

integration within the electrical grid, including storage of electrical energy.

2. At the core of the proposed family of products, aside from storage batteries packs there is the

development of sophisticated sensors and control and command systems whereby Elbit

Systems excels in addition to an envisioned JV possibility in developing new electrical storage.

3. A similar letter was sent to Elbit Systems Directors, Prof. Mrs. Yuli Tamir and Mrs. Dalia Rabin

Esq. and company CFO Mr. Yossi Gaspar forwarded the letters for review within Elbit. Would

recommend asking for those letters for your review from Yossi Gaspar CFO office.

4. Only in Israel, the market size is in the hundreds of millions $$ / year. The review of the

proposed products received recommendation of the Chief Scientist at one of Israel Ministries,

and I received the full support after explaining the concepts from Dr. Evgeniya Bernstein and

Ing. Itzik Yonisy at the Ministry of Environment who suggested to contact the Chief Scientist at

the Ministry of Economy and Ministry of Energy. China, India, Saudi Arabia all convert to solar.

5. From evaluating the products of Elbit Systems it is my assertion that the projects I propose are

complimentary to Elbit Energy [1] products, and will definitely need the talent and expertise of

Elbit Systems in developing the Command and Control of the Energy units which will mitigate

between the renewable energy sources (solar panel farms, wind turbines) and interconnected

energy storage battery packs and their inverters, that will be further interconnected to the

electrical grid. This system or “the power generating island” will be by itself interconnected

within a distributed and networked multiple “Micro Grids” within the national electrical grid.

1 It was recommended to me to contact Elbit by a Chief Scientist Office after explaining partially my proposal.

6. In Israel, there is an additional national security feature in the proposed project specific to

Israel and to mitigate on of the more controversial problems, which is storage of natural gas on

land which due to the security situation must be built in such a fashion as to neutralize any acts

of war, which is a very expensive solution.

7. The proposed products/projects which will use several distributed networks of electrical

storage systems also defined as “Micro Grids”, will be spread throughout Israel territory and

eliminates the national security threat mentioned above and is substantially less expensive

than building a big fortified natural gas storage facility.

8. I am attaching a summary of the proposed concept that will save to my estimation around ILS

800 million /year in Israel alone.

9. As a guideline of recent developments; please note that;

(i) “Lithium-Ion” battery prices dropped to $100/Kwh, [2] with a lifespan of 5 to 10 years,

(ii) New lab development achieved “Lithium Oxygen” batteries with energy density similar

to gasoline of 1000kw/kg [3]. The system was demonstrated at Cambridge Labs. UK.

(iii) Solar energy harvesting yield of up to 92%, was achieved at the Lund University

laboratory [4] in Sweden

(iv) The latest pricing on solar energy, the Texas Austin City Council, received bids for solar

power between 4 cents/kwh to 5 cents/kwh[5]

(v) All this renewable and intermittent electrical power need to be managed and stored.

10. Israel has same/similar solar irradiation as California. Therefore, Israel solar irradiation can

cover over twice its energy needs and by this release substantial amounts of natural gas for

exports [6]. Even Saudi Arabia converts to solar energy [7] and keeps its NG & oil for exports.

11. The proposal consists of a family of products which are interrelated to the IEC network. I will

mention only a few, not including the solutions for electrified railways passing remote locations

12. Would highly appreciate your response and thank you for your attention

Sincerely yours,

Haim R. Branisteanu

2 http://reneweconomy.com.au/2015/car-makers-want-second-life-batteries-used-on-the-grid-45446 3 http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/149ca550-7e30-11e5-a1fe-567b37f80b64.html#axzz3rdtuoanc 4 http://revolution-green.com/solar-iron-sensitizer-converts-light-to-electrons-with-92-yield/ ; http://www.nature.com/nchem/journal/v7/n11/full/nchem.2365.html 5 http://reneweconomy.com.au/2015/solar-energy-costs-continue-to-plunge-across-the-world-17972 6http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150316135152.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 7 Saudi Arabia http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/d08be460-3a06-11e5-bbd1-b37bc06f590c.html#axzz3s8DmuKpP

Haim R. Branisteanu

Elbit Michael Federman 11/16/2015, CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 of 4

October 15, 2015

MEMORANDUM

Proposal of integrating advanced batteries packs within solar farms and other

complementary energy savings products

The State of Israel, has been, and continues to be, to a certain extent, a global leader in advancing

energy efficiency, renewable resource development, greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction, grid

modernization, and new technology adoption, including residential/communal installations.

The basis of my proposal was explained in my e-mails to the Israel Ministry of Environmental

Protection the Natural Energy Resources Dept., the Chief Scientist Office of the Ministry of

National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources.

The premises of the initial proposal are based on the following facts;

(i) Israel was blessed with relative substantial solar irradiation of over 2000KWH/y/m2

(ii) Recent technological advances in energy storage, lighting efficiency and electrical energy

conversion which advance predict another substantial fall in prices, (estimated at around

50% from present prices) and 3 to 4 fold increase in energy storage capacity[8] in modern

bi-ion batteries of up to 1000Kwh/kg [9] or more, which estimates triggered my proposal.

(iii)The substantial fall in market prices of the components mentioned in (ii) which compete on

an LCOE basis with electrical power generation from natural gas,[10] justifies the economic

viability of the proposed projects if properly implemented (see below).

(iv) Energy Storage system similar to “Pumped Hydro Energy-Storage”, but adapted to Israel

topography and environment with special purpose abundant raw material with no stored

energy loss [11] implemented with available proven technology and environmental friendly

New Laboratory developments in various solar cells, for energy harvesting, achieved 92% efficiency

With a forward looking approach the ability to storage electrical energy from solar energy will

enable the installation of at least 400 to 600 MW of solar farms saving in excess of ILS 800

million a year in conventional electrical generation. Within the present electricity price

structure the ROI on industrial size advanced technology batteries packs is up to 6 years. I also

recommend residential / communal installations (Power-Point presentation available).

1. For proper electrical network stability every 3 Mwh of storage, Israel can add another 1 Mw

of solar farms, with batteries interconnected within the solar farm (presently in Israel there

is grid saturation due to the lack of proper back up storage).

8 Presently the popular used Lithium-Ion batteries have an energy storage capacity of round 200 Kwh/kg and

are average priced at around $300/Kwh to $400/Kwh, with prices anticipated to fall to below $200/Kwh within 5 to 7 years (molten salts & metals batteries will be with even better price/storage performances). 9 See new developments in batteries technology at University of Cambridge UK, with expected energy density of gasoline

http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/new-design-points-a-path-to-the-ultimate-battery#sthash.vaFXpNwe.dpuf 10

https://www.lazard.com/perspective/levelized-cost-of-energy-analysis-90/ , see also The Financial Times of Nov. 17 2015 11 Pumped Hydro Energy-Storage, with an efficiency of 70% to 80% maximum, uses water as the storage medium and uses the gravity as the driving power to generate electricity. The main drawback is water evaporation more critical in hot climates which lowers the system efficiency due to pumped water evaporation. The proposed system will achieve 85% to 90% efficiency, superior to presently available “flow” storage batteries with around 80% efficiency.

2. The investment cost as of today is price competitive with combined cycle natural gas

turbines and a Nov. 17, 2015 analysis of Lazard predicts even more competitive prices [12]

3. Batteries prices per Kwh with a “life expectancy” of 10 to 15+ years (10,000 charge discharge

cycles) are expected to drop further to about half of today prices (to $160 Kwh/10y)

4. In Israel, the unused natural gas (i) frees up natural gas for exports, (ii) saves on

carbon emission that the Ministry of Environment committed itself and (iii) lowers the

price of natural gas and electricity to the Israeli industry and its population.

5. This is the essence of my proposal, which needs also the implementation of the appropriate

regulations related to the national electrical network, by the relevant Electricity Authority.

Partial list of proposed Products for development and implementation

The proposed projects that would be a Subset item of the “Micro-Grid”

Development of a “bi-directional” command and control center to be interleaved

between the batteries pack the solar panel farm and the main electrical grid.

Choosing the right price effective battery pack with their appropriate “bi-directional”

inverters, for each task, including for CSP projects, or night lighting in urban areas.

Developing a temperature and phase sensor to be attached to major main network

transformers which sensors, will activate the appropriate inverters, connected to the

storage battery packs to stabilize the (IEC) electrical grid phase and frequency resulting

from temporary overloads, hysteresis losses or other electrical network disturbances.

An all-encompassing command and control system that will activate as needed the

converters integrated with the electrical storage battery networks to level out the energy

need of the national electrical grid.

Gravitational Energy storage system similar to “Pumped Hydro Storage” without water

taking advantage of the local topography around the Dead Sea

Development of highly efficient and economical street / urban lighting products

suitable for night LED lighting powered by batteries adapted to the nocturne human eye

light spectrum and charged by solar panels and/or electrical grid in urban environment,

parks, campuses, kibbutzim etc.,(designed for narrow night vision in the 500 nm range)

My background; Studied Physics and Mathematics at HUJ, my MSC work was on

superconducting materials, founded a loudspeaker company with exports to the UK, Italy and

US/Canada. Later was involved in operational consulting at Tadiran Ltd., including Lithium Ion

batteries advanced high frequency and energy savings inverters whose electronic circuitry

principles are used in today’s solar panel inverters.

Left for the US due to a personal tragedy and was embraced by the US Army - Signal Corps who

recommended me to their subcontractors. Later was recommended by partners of the Big 6

international accounting firms and big NYC & NJ law firms to engage in corporate finance and

operational restructuring of companies with sales in excess of $350 million. Returned from the US

for personal / family reasons, was engaged in various international projects at ministerial level, and

financial funding transaction. Resume and Recommendations upon request.

12 https://www.lazard.com/perspective/levelized-cost-of-energy-analysis-90/ Report published on Nov. 17, 2015 including in the Financial Times