2. -:Contents:- Definition History of E-Waste Types of E-Waste
StEP Initiative E-Waste Management E-Waste Substances
References
3. -:Definition:- E-waste can be considered to cover TVs,
computers, mobile phones, home entertainment and stereo systems,
toys, toasters, kettles almost any household or business item
having electrical components with power or battery supply. The
definition includes used electronics which are destined for reuse,
resale, recycling, or disposal.
4. -:History of E-waste:- Informal processing of E-Waste in
developing countries may cause serious health and pollution
problems. E-Waste is a hazardous waste that poses potential threats
to public health and the environment. Some electronic components,
such as CRTs, may contain contaminants such as lead, cadmium,
beryllium, or brominated flame retardants.
5. According to the U.S. environmental laws (Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act) hazardous E-Waste fall into two
major categories: characteristic E-Waste and listed E-Waste: a)
Characteristic hazardous E-Waste:- Ignitability (i.e., flammable)
Reactivity Corrosives Toxicity
6. b) Listed hazardous E-Wastes:- Such type of E-Waste
generates by some larger companies such as: Chemical manufacturers.
Electroplating companies. Oil refineries. Hazardous E-Waste is a
special type of waste because it cannot be disposed of by common
means like other by-products of our everyday lives.
7. -:Types of E-Waste:- Types of electronic waste according to
the WEEE directive:- Large household appliances. Small household
appliances. Office & communication. Entertainment electronics.
Lighting equipment. Medical instruments. Automatic issuing
systems.
8. -:StEP Initiative:- It is an international initiative,
created to develop solutions to address issues associated with
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). Aims and Means of
StEP:- One of the most important aims of the StEP Initiative is to
elaborate a set of global guidelines for the treatment of e- waste
and the promotion of sustainable material recycling. StEPs aim is
to reduce dangers to humans and the environment, which result from
inadequate and irresponsible treatment practices, and advance
resource efficiency. *StEP:- Solving the E-Waste Problems
9. -:E-Waste Management:- Recycling of E-Waste:- Today E-Waste
recycling becomes the world largest business all over the world.
The environmental and social benefits of reuse include: Diminished
demand for new products. Larger quantities of pure water and
electricity for associated manufacturing. Less packaging per unit.
Diminished use of landfills.
10. Consumer Awareness Efforts:- Address TheMess.com is a
Comedy Central pro-social campaign that seeks to increase awareness
of the dangers of E-Waste and to encourage recycling.
NativeEnergy.com, is a company that specializes in renewable
energy. The Electronics TakeBack Coalition is a campaign aimed at
protecting human health. The Certified Electronics Recyclers is an
Integrated management system that improve the quality, environment,
health and safety (QEH&S) performance.
11. Processing techniques:- Firstly involves dismantling the
equipment into various parts (metal frames, power supplies, circuit
boards, plastics). A typical example is the NADIN electronic waste
processing plant in Bulgaria, the largest facility of its kind in
Europe. The advantages of this process are the human's ability to
recognize and save working of repairable parts, including chips,
transistors, RAM, etc.
12. -:E-Waste Substances:- Hazardous Substances:- Mercury.(Use
in fluorescent tubes.) Sulphur.(Use in lead acid batteries.)
Cadmium.(Found in light-sensitive resistors.) Lead.(Found in lead
acid batteries.) Beryllium oxide.(Found in power transistors.)
13. Non-Hazardous Substances:- Tin: Coatings on component
leads. Iron: Cases, and fixings. Nickel: Nickel-cadmium batteries.
Lithium: Lithium-ion batteries. Zinc: Plating for steel parts.