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Hurdles
• Rain fed Cultivation area• Selection of Hybrid • Improper Crop management• Imbalance Fertilizer Doses• No judicious use Chemicals• Lack of life saving Irrigation• Less area under Drip System• Heavy infestation of Sucking Pest • Non acceptance for new Ideas• Economy of Farmer• Change in Environment
Change over
• Planting Geometry
• Refugee Plantation
• Integrated Nutrient Management
• Integrated Pest Management
• Timely control of sucking pest
• Use of Drip System
Soil Preparation
Why ?
Rain water percolation
Soil sterilization
Root Efficiency
Organic matter
Soil reclamation
How ?
Deep Ploughing
Open to Sunlight
Soil aeration
Mixing compost & other
Gypsum
Seed Selection
Uniform Germination Deep root system Internodes distance Big boll size Strong branches Hairy leaves Greener canopy Yield Potential Easy picking
Planting Geometry
Conventional Fuli System
Light Soil : 3.5’ x 3.5’Heavy Soil : 4 ‘x 4’
Long Row SystemLight Soil :5 ‘x I’
Medium Soil : 5’ x I.5’Heavy Soil : 5 ‘x 2’
Paired Row PlantingLight Soil : 4 x 2 X I
Heavy Soil : 5 x 2.5 x I
Mechanical sowingPneumatic pressure
High Density Planting8-I0000 plants /acre
Plant Population
Soil Type
Planting Distance( feet )
Area per
plant
Bt Cotton( 80 % )
Non-BtCotton( 20 % )
Total Plants
Per acre
Heavy 4 X 4 I6 2I78 544 2722
Medium 4 X 3 I2 2904 726 3630
Medium 3.5 X 2 7 4977 244 6222
Medium 4 X 2 8 4356 089 5445
Light 3 X 2 6 5808 452 7260
Drip Heavy 5 X I.5 7.5 4646 II62 5808
Drip Light 5 X I 5 6970 742 87I2
Refugee Plantation
Cotton takes 6 -7 month in field.,during this period bollworm completes 8-I0 generations.
If we don’t plant refugee seeds ,this generation become resistant Bt gene .
Bollworm attacks on cotton
Fertilizer Management
Organic
CompostsCow Dung Manure
Poultry ManureEarthworm Manure
@ I trolly /acre
GreenManures
GlyricidiaTag/Dhencha
Neem cakeAs per availability
Bio Fertilizers
NFBPSBKMB
@ I liter / acre
Inorganic
Fertilizer Use Efficiency
Where ? Means ? What ? When ?
Bulk Soil TotalCultivable Land
Manures & Soil Conditioners
Land Preparation
Rhizosphere TotalRoot depth
BulkFertilizers
Basal / Top dressing
Rhizoplane White Root zone
Water soluble & Bio Fertilizers
Growthstages
Lyposphere Leaf Surface
Water soluble & Micronutrients
Flowering / Development
Fertilizer Doses Per Acre
I8:46:00 - 50 kg I0:26:26 -75 kg 20:20:00 -75 kg I8:I8:I0 – I00 Kg I5:I5:I5 – I00 Kg
Potash - 50 kg Urea - 25 kg Potash - 40 kg Potash - 25 kg Potash - 25 kg
Boracol - I0 kg Boracol - I0 kg Boracol - I0 kg Boracol - I0 kg Boracol - I0 kg
I8:46:00 - 50 kg I0:26:26 -75 kg 20:20:00 -75 kg I8:I8:I0 – I00 Kg I5:I5:I5 – I00 Kg
Urea - 25 kg Urea - 25 kg Urea - 25 kg Urea - 25 kg Urea - 25 kg
Magnesium Sulphate - 25 kg
Magnesium Sulphate - 25 kg
Magnesium Sulphate - 25 kg
Magnesium Sulphate - 25 kg
Magnesium Sulphate - 25 kg
Basal Dose : Apply round the plant At the time of sowing
Top Dressing : Apply within the plant rows with Dufan /Vakhar
Fertigation of WSF per acre
Why ? What ? When ?
Grand Growth I9:9:I9 – 2 Kg + Urea I kg Every 5 days
Flowering I3:40:I3 – 2 Kg + Kiecite DF 500 ml Every 8 Days
Boll Development Potassium Schoenite – 3 kg Every I0 Days
Strong Branches Calcium Nitrate – 3 kg Every 30 days
Spraying per I00 litre
Fertigation of Bio Fertilizers per acre
Why ? What ? When ?
Phosphorous solubilization Biophosal – I litre Pre flowering
Potash Mobilization KrishiBact – I litre Boll Maturity
DAS ? What ? How much ?
40-45 00:52:34 + Kiecite G I kg + 500 Ml
60-65 I9:I9:I9 + Magnesium Sulphate 500 gm + 500 gm
80-85 I3:00:45 + Micnelf I6 500 gm + 500 gm
I00-I05 P Schoenite + Micnelf I6 I kg + 500 gm
Yield contributing growth stages
Growth Stage Care to be taken
Germination Uniform depth of sowing /dibbling
Emergence Avoid physical damage
New sprouting Watering if required
Square formation Spray micronutrients Kiecite G @ 0.5 %
Flowering Spray 00:52:34/I3:40:I3/I2:6I:00 @ I %
Fertilization Spray micronutrients Micnelf I6 @ 0.5 %
Boll setting Spray calcium nitrate @ I %
Canopy Spray I9:I9:I9 @ I %
Boll Development Spray potassium schoenite @ I %
Harvesting Timely picking
Pest Management
Refugee Plantation
20 % area should be covered
Voids bollworm infestation
Bird Stands
Provide I0 – I5 bird stand
Collects egg & larva of bollworm
Trap Crops
Corn ,Marigold,Okra, Cow pea,Moog,
Pigeon pea
Traps Sucking Pest
Sticky Traps
I0 Yellow Trap for White FlyI0 Blue Trap for Thrips
Traps major sucking pest
Diseases
Wilt :
Avoid Planting in high temperature.
Use Gypsum at the time of land preparation.
Drench Trichoderma I liter per acre.
Spot application of Roko 30 gm in I0 liter Water.
Grey Mildew :
Proper crop canopy management.
Ensure aeration and sunlight to canopy.
Spray Sulphur 30 gm in I0 liter water
Alternaria :
Use of micronutrient in basal fertilizer dose
Spray Blue Copper 30 gm in I0 liter water
InsectsSpray for I5 Liter water Thrips :Karate I0 ml or Regent I5 ml
Aphids :
Confidor 7 ml or Pride 3 gm
Jassids :
Admire 4 gm or Acephate 30 gm
White Fly :
Actara 5 gm or Ulala 8 gm
Red Mites :
Ethion 30 ml or Oberon 20 ml