Climate change mitigation and adaptation actions for the water sector international experience

Ricardo-AEA

© Ricardo-AEA Ltd

www.ricardo-aea.com

Aaron Burton, Principal Consultant - Water

ClimaEast Azerbaijan INDC Workshop

18-19 November 2014

Climate change mitigation and adaptation actions for the

water sector international experience

© Ricardo-AEA LtdRicardo-AEA in Confidence2

• Water sector carbon emissions – baselines

• Case studies

• Water Sensitive Cities

• Azerbaijan sector level mitigation options

Outline


Challenges in the water sector

CIWEM, 2013. A BLUEPRINT FOR CARBON EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN THE UK WATER INDUSTRY, CIWEM. Available at: http://www.ciwem.org/media/959404/BLUEPRINT_WEB.pdf

[Accessed August 19, 2013].


Water sector - energy use and carbon emissions



Water and carbon connection

5% UK annual carbon

Emissions1% UK annual carbon

emissions

Environment Agency Wales & Energy Saving Trust, 2012. Guidance on water and associated energy efficiency for the Welsh Housing Quality Standard for retrofit programmes


Carbon costs of new supply vs demand

management UK

0

1

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4

Em

iss

ion

s k

gC

O2

e/d

ay/h

ou

se


International Examples - Australia

8% of Australia’s

GHG emissions

13% of electricity

18% natural gas

Kenway, S.J., 2013. The Water-energy Nexus and Urban Metabolism-Connections in Cities,


Case Studies


Case Study – South East Water, Carbon Reduction

Commitment • South East Water (SEW) has a significant energy use - not captured by the EU

Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) or UK Climate Change Agreement (CCA)

• Captured in UK Government Climate Change legislation the Carbon Reduction

Commitment (CRC)

• AEA review of options

– Power consumption and carbon emissions were assessed including pumping

and wastewater treatment.

– Metrics were identified and emissions compared with other water companies

and broader industry sectors in a league table.

• 15 key actions that for compliance


Relative proportion of emissions

Clarke, A., Grant, N. & Thornton, J., 2009. Quantifying the energy and carbon effects of water saving


Carbon emission savings (5,500 new homes)

Andrew Tucker, “Water & Energy Links” (presented at the Wales Low Zero Carbon Hub: – Integrating water and energy efficiency – building regulations and beyond – Cardiff, Cardiff, 2012),

http://www.cewales.org.uk/cew/wp-content/uploads/Presentation-Andrew-Tucker.pdf.


Case Study – Greener Grangetown, Cardiff, Wales

• Partnership approach enabled £25m investment

• Removes surface water currently pumped 10miles away

• Benefits to residents through amenity, regeneration

• Flood risk reduction, water efficiency in homes


Water

Sensitive

Cities


Water sensitive cities


Urban water cycle - WSUD





Azerbaijan


GHG emission trend in Azerbaijan (1990 –2000-2010)

GHG Source and

Sink Categories

Emission base

year – 1990,

(Gg CO2 eq.)

Emission by 2000

((Gg CO2 eq.)

Emission by 2010

((Gg CO2 eq.)

Change from base

to latest reported

year

Energy 63.928 33.006 36.596 -43%

Industry 1.447 554 2.108 +46%

Agriculture 6.261 5.368 7.244 +16%

Waste 1.694 1.837 2.260 +33%

Total Emission 73.331 40.774 48.209 -34%

LULUCF -3690 -4.870 -5410 +47%

Net emission 69.641 35.904 42.779 -39%

11/20/2014


0

2000

4000

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12000

14000

Mill

ion m

3

Domestic and drinking water Indsustrial water use Irrigation and agriculture

Water use Azerbaijan

http://www.stat.gov.az/source/environment/indexen.php


0

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601

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0

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91

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Mil

lio

n m

3Water recycling

http://www.stat.gov.az/source/environment/indexen.php


Sub-sector mitigation

options


Sub-sector Baseline carbon

emissions

Mitigation options (scoring based on potential?) Actions for road map

Water

resources

– Abstraction

– Rainwater harvesting

– Demand management

– Water and energy efficiency programmes in homes

– Metering and smart metering

– Irrigation and agricultural water use

– Pumping

– Efficiency and water loss

Water

treatment and

supply

– Balance potable and non-potable systems and

decentralised vs centralised

– Source control, catchment management

– Balancing treatment standards and carbon intensity

– Innovative treatment processes

– Network optimisation

– Managing leakage

– Renewable energy

Wastewater

and sewerage

management

– Network optimisation and renewal

– Heat recovery

– Plant tuning and optimisation

– Sludge digestion and biogas optimisation

– Co-digestion

– Hydroelectric power

– Source control/ catchment management

Integrated

approaches –

WSUD

– Water Sensitive Urban Design

– Managing surface water

– Green infrastructure approaches to flood defence

Cross-sectoral

opportunities

- Low carbon construction

- Renewable heat networks/ combined heat and power

Example sub-sectors and mitigation options

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www.ricardo-aea.com

T:

E:

W:

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@AaronBH2O

Aaron Burton

Principal Consultant - Water

+44 (0)1235 753701

[email protected]

www.ricardo-aea.com

Thank you!

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