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Presentation on Biodiversity
Name:- SaurabhReg/Roll No:- 11403811/A-08Submitted To:- Mrs. Sonika
Lovely Professional University Phagwara
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity, short for biological diversity, is the term used to describe the variety of life found on Earth and all of the natural processes. This includes ecosystem, genetic and cultural diversity, and the connections between these and all species.
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Kinds of Biodiversity
Genetic Diversity
Species Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity
Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. Each species is made up of individualsthat have their own particular genetic composition.Within a species there may also be discrete populations with distinctive genes.
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Species diversity is a measure of the diversity within an ecological community that incorporates both species richness (the number of species in a community) and the evenness of species' abundances. Species diversity is one component of the concept of biodiversity
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Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of ecosystems in a given place. Within any broader landscape there is a mosaic of interconnected ecosystems. To conserve biodiversity, conservation at the landscape level is critical.
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Value of biodiversity
Survival
Ecological Services
Health and Healing
Productive Value
Ethical and Aesthetic Value
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Biodiversity and agriculture
Agricultural diversity can be divided into two categories :
Intraspecific Diversity, which includes the genetic variety within a single species.
Interspecific Diversity, refers to the number and types of different species.
Chrysanthemum
Intraspecific Diversity of Potato
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Global Biodiversity
17 megadiverse countries.
10-30 million insects.
5-10 million bacteria.
1.5 million fungi.
~1 million mites.
33 hotspots.
hotspots
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Biodiversity in India
One of World's 17 megadiversity countries. One of Asia's 4 megadiversity countries. Has 3 hotspots out of total 34 hotspots. Home to world's 60-70% diversity. 18 biosphere reserves. Over 515 santuaries. 112 national parks.
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Biodiversity hotspots in India
Western Ghats
Eastern Himalayas Indo-Burma
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Phytogeographical regions of India
The Western Himalayas
The Eastern Himalayas
Western Deserts
Gangetic Plains
Central India
Western Coast
Deccan Plateau
North-East India
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
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Himalayan Region
Malabar Region
Nilgiri Region
Northern Plains
Desert Lands
Deccan Plateau Region
Zoogeographical regions of India
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Causes for loss of biodiversity
Urbanization Deforestation Agricultural expansionEutrophication Forest fires Mining Exploitation of water resources Construction of Dams Waste Desposal Environmental pollution OvergrazingPoaching of wildlife
Threats of Biodiversity
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Conservation of biodiversity
In situ conservation, means the natural or the original place. In situ
conservation includes National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, Biosphere
reserves, etc.
Ex situ conservation
In situ conservation
situ conservation, plant and animal species are conserved outside
their natural habitats. gene banks, zoos, botanical gardens, culture
collections, etc.
Ex
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