The Liboni Amphora Collection - Part 2

THE LIBONI AMPHORA COLLECTION Roman maritime trade and the changing socio-economic system of the

Pontine region

Part 2: catalogue & drawings

Name: H.G. Pape

Student number: 1332961

E-mail: [email protected]

Date: May 2008

Research master Art History & Archaeology

Tutor: prof. dr. P.A.J. Attema

Second reader: dr. W.M. Jongman

- 1 -

CONTENTS

PART 2

Contents 1

Catalogue 4

Amphorae with confronti 5

Tipo Py 5 5

Tipo Py 4A 5

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS IV (Greco-Italiche antiche) 6

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS V (Greco-Italiche antiche) 6

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS VI (Greco-Italiche antiche) 7

Pompeii 38 8

Van der Werff 2 9

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1A) 10

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1B) 11

Dressel 1 13

Type 3 Unknown rim ‘type A’ 16

Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’ 16

Type 8 Unknown base ‘type B’ 17

Brindisian amphora 21

Dressel 2-4 Cos 21

Forlimpopoli 22

Agora F65-66 25

Haltern 70 26

Dressel 2-4 Italian 27

Rhodian Type 29

Dressel 2-4 Catalan 31

Tripolitanian 1 31

Tripolitanian 2 32

Peacock & Williams 66 33

Beltrán 2B 34

Dressel 21-22 34

Dressel 20 35

Gauloise 4 36

Beirut 3 42

Leptiminius 1 42

Empoli 43

Campanian almond-rim type 43

- 2 -

Africana 1 Piccolo 44

Africana 2A Grande 45

Dressel 30 - Keay 1A 53

Dressel 23 53

Dressel 30 - Keay 1B 54

Africana 3A 56

Africana 3B 58

Keay 52 59

Africana 3C 62

Spatheion 1 62

Keay 59 63

Keay 62 63

Keay 55 64

Amphorae without confronti 65

Drawings 80 Drawings of referenced LAC amphorae 81

Tipo Py 5 81

Tipo Py 4A 81

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS IV (Greco-Italiche antiche) 82

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS V (Greco-Italiche antiche) 82

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS VI (Greco-Italiche antiche) 83

Pompeii 38 84

Van der Werff 2 84

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1A) 85

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1B) 86

Dressel 1 87

Type 3 Unknown rim ‘type A’ 88

Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’ 88

Type 8 Unknown base ‘type B’ 89

Brindisian amphora 89

Dressel 2-4 Cos 90

Forlimpopoli 91

Agora F65-66 91

Haltern 70 92

Dressel 2-4 Italian 93

Rhodian Type 94

Dressel 2-4 Catalan 94

Tripolitanian 1 95

Tripolitanian 2 96

Peacock & Williams 66 96

- 3 -

Beltrán 2B 97

Dressel 21-22 97

Dressel 20 98

Gauloise 4 98

Beirut 3 99

Leptiminius 1 99

Empoli 100

Campanian almond-rim type 101

Africana 1 Piccolo 101

Africana 2A Grande 102

Dressel 30 - Keay 1A 102

Dressel 23 103

Dressel 30 - Keay 1B 103

Africana 3A 104

Africana 3B 104

Keay 52 105

Africana 3C 105

Spatheion 1 105

Keay 59 106

Keay 62 106

Keay 55 107

Miscellaneous stamps 107

- 4 -

CATALOGUE

The catalogue contains every amphora (fragment) present in the Liboni Amphora Collection. The

entries have been divided in two categories, which are also used on the attached CD-ROM containing

the photographs of the LAC: amphorae with confronti (sorted consecutively chronologically, by type,

by inv. nr.), and amphorae without confronti (sorted by inv. nr.).

- 5 -

AMPHORAE WITH CONFRONTI

Tipo Py 5

Inv.nr: LAC/X54

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Rim of an amphora

Description: Spreading rim, thickened on the outside; convex lip

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 5/6 red to 2.5YR 5/8 red

Int. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 10YR 7/3 very pale brown & 10YR 5/1 gray

Core 2.5YR 5/6 red to 10YR 5/1 gray

Measurements: 4.2x10.3x0.6 (wall) – 1.1 (lip). Diameter (lip): 22cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; very coarse, ‘Archaic’ fabric with many augite inclusions,

Etruscan?

Confronti: Probably Caravale & Toffoletti 1997, Tipo Py 5 (pp. 80); 550-450 BC

Drawn: Yes

Typo Py 4A

Inv.nr: LAC/15

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Complete amphora

Description: Tapering base, convex point; bulbous piriform body; no distinguishable neck;

straight, spreading rim with external angle; convex lip; thick ring-handles,

bending inwards on shoulder, round in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red, 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 4/6 red

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink

Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink

Measurements: 61.3x43.4x0.6 (wall) – 1.6 (lip). Diameter (lip): 28.3cm

Comments: Complete form; worn; circular hole in wall; some marine incrustations; very

course fabric with lots of large (2mm+) augite inclusions (Archaic fabric?);

inv.nr. marked on inside rim

- 6 -

Confronti: Caravale & Toffoletti 1997, Tipo Py 4A (pp. 79); 450-250 BC

Drawn: Yes (rim, handle, base)

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS IV (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Inv.nr: LAC/5

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (spike missing)

Description: Spike missing, convex base where spike was attached visible; piriform body;

somewhat carinated shoulder (hardly distinguishable due to wear);

cylindrical/conical neck; straight, triangular rim, thickened on outside; slightly

beveled , convex lip; long, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck,

bending towards neck just below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/4 pink, 7.5YR 4/2 dark brown to 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 4/2 weak red

Core 2.5YR 6/6 light red


Comments: Complete form, save for missing spike; horizontal groove ca. 4cm below

shoulder, running a third of amphora’s circumference (indication for wheel-

throwing?); some marine incrustations, especially inside neck; inv.nr. marked on

iron stand

Confronti: USAP 2005, Greco-Italic

(http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/archive/amphora_ahrb_2005/details.cfm?id

=141); mid 4th to mid 2nd century BC ; Caravale & Toffoletti 1997, Tipo

MGS IV (Greco-Italiche antiche) (pp. 86); 4th to start 3rd century BC

Drawn: Yes (rim, handle)

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS V (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Inv.nr: LAC/76

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Complete amphora (spike missing)

- 7 -

Description: Missing spike; piriform body; carinated shoulder; short, conical/cylindrical

neck, slightly spreading triangular rim, thickened on the outside; convex lip;

fairly short, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending towards neck

just below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown and 5YR 5/3 reddish brown to 5YR 3/2 dark

reddish brown

Int. 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Core 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Comments: Complete form, save for missing spike; quite compact for its form; few marine

incrustations; rim severely worn and chipped; inv.nr. marked on plastic

wrapped around neck




MGS V (Greco-Italiche antiche) (pp. 88); mid 4th to mid 3rd century BC


Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS VI (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Inv.nr: LAC/35

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (spike damaged)

Description: Solid, stumpy spike (most bottom part missing/damaged); piriform body;

carinated shoulder (barely visible due to wear); wide cylindrical neck; triangular

rim, nearly straight vertical inside, undercut outside; convex lip; band-handles

from shoulder to neck, ovoid/diamond-shaped in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 5/6 strong brown to 5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Int. 5YR 5/2 reddish gray

Core 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown


Comments: Complete form, save for damaged/missing spike; some marine incrustations on

exterior and interior; inv.nr. marked on tape around handle

- 8 -




MGS VI (Greco-Italiche antiche) (pp. 89); end 4th to 2nd century BC

Drawn: Yes (rim, handle, spike)

Pompeii 38

Inv.nr: LAC/26

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, tapering spike with eroded ridge; globular/piriform body; cylindrical

neck; tapering, outcurving rim, thickened and undercut on the outside; convex

lip; irregular ribbed band-handles, sharply bending towards neck where handles

are almost level with rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red to 2.5YR 6/6 light red



Comments: Complete form; entire body has shallow ribbing (wheel-turning marks?); some

marine incrustations on exterior; inv.nr. marked on iron stand

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Pompeii 38


=281); 2nd century BC to end 2nd century AD


Inv.nr: LAC/TA.101.21/01

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim and handles of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; conical/cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving rim, thickening

and undercut on the outside; convex lip; ribbed band-handles, bending just

below rim

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow

- 9 -

Int. 2.5YR 6/6 light red

Core 2.5YR 6/8 light red to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Pompeii 38


=281); 2nd century BC to end 2nd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Van der Werff 2

Inv.nr: LAC/39

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Fairly long, tapering spike; long, narrow, cylindrical body; short, fairly wide,

cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened and undercut on outside; convex lip;

small ring-handles on body, bending on body below shoulder

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/1 white and 10YR 4/2 dark grayish brown to 2.5YR 6/4 light

reddish brown

Int. 10YR 8/1 white to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Core 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Measurements: 67.7x21.0x0.6 (wall) – 1.2 (lip). Diameter (lip): 11.4cm. Diameter (spike):

7.0cm

Comments: Complete form; marine incrustations cover body, but do not obscure details;

inv.nr. marked on note between handle and body

Confronti: USAP 2005, Van der Werff 2


=367); mid 2nd to 1st century BC


- 10 -

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1A)

Inv.nr: LAC/2

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Tapering spike, slightly flaring at the bottom, rounded knob; slender,

cylindrical/piriform body; carinated shoulder (worn); long, cylindrical neck;

outcurving triangular rim, thickened with shallow undercut on the outside;

convex lip; long, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply

towards neck below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 6/4 light brown


Core 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 2.5YR 5/6 red


5.1cm

Comments: Complete form; some marine incrustations; signs of wear on rim and lip; inv.nr.

on inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 1


=324); 130/140 to end 1st century BC ; Caravale & Toffoletti 1997, Dressel 1

(Tipo 1A) (pp. 98-99); mid 2nd to end 1st century BC


Inv.nr: LAC/7

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (spike damaged)

Description: Tapering spike (damaged); slender, cylindrical/piriform body; carinated

shoulder (worn); long, cylindrical neck; spreading, triangular rim, thickened on

the outside; convex lip; long, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck,

bending sharply towards neck below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 7/4 pink

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 7/4 pink



- 11 -

Comments: Complete form, save for damaged spike; quite slender form; marine

incrustations all over body, but not obscuring form; inv.nr. on inside rim




(Tipo 1A) (pp. 98-99); mid 2nd to end 1st century BC


Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1B)

Inv.nr: LAC/6

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored, spike damaged)

Description: Tapering (damaged) spike; cylindrical body; long, cylindrical neck; slightly

outcurving triangular collar-rim, thickened with shallow undercut on the

outside; convex lip; very long, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck,

bending sharply towards neck below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 7.5YR 5/6 strong brown

Int. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown and 5YR 5/1 gray to 5YR 3/1 dark gray

Core 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow


Comments: Complete form, save for damaged spike; neck is almost as long as body; few

marine incrustations; inv.nr. on inside rim




(Tipo 1B) (pp. 98-99); mid 2nd to end 1st century BC


Inv.nr: LAC/37

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Complete amphora (restored)

- 12 -

Description: Solid spike, slightly flaring at the bottom; cylindrical body; rounded shoulder;

long cylindrical neck, bent; straight, slightly spreading collar-rim; convex lip;

long band-handles from shoulder to neck, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 5/6 red to 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow

Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/8 red


4.0cm

Comments: Complete form; marine incrustations, especially around handle, obscuring the

curvature at the attachment to neck; some old fractures still clearly visible;

inv.nr. marked inside neck




(Tipo 1B) (pp. 98-99); mid 2nd to end 1st century BC


Inv.nr: LAC/77

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Lower half of an amphora (restored, spike missing)

Description: Lower half of piriform body

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Int. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Core 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Measurements: 26.0x24.3

Comments: Only lower half of amphora remains, spike missing; hardly any marine

incrustations; severely fragmented; inv.nr. marked on outside body

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Dressel 1


=324); 130/140 to end 1st century BC ; Probably Caravale & Toffoletti 1997,

Dressel 1 (Tipo 1B) (pp. 98-99); mid 2nd to end 1st century BC

Drawn: No

- 13 -

Dressel 1

Inv.nr: LAC/22

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Spike, body and attachments of handles & neck + right handle + neck

Description: Long, tapering spike; piriform/cylindrical body; carinated shoulder; long,

cylindrical neck; no rim present; long, straight band-handle right (handle is

loose fragment) from shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck just

below (missing) rim (neck is loose fragment)

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 5/6 strong brown to 7.5YR 4/6 strong brown

Int. 10R 4/2 weak red


Measurements: 97.2 (body + neck)/66.2 (body)x26.0x1.6 (wall) – 2.0 (neck). Diameter

(neck): 13.9cm. Diameter (spike): 6.0cm

Comments: Amphora consists of three fragments, photographed together as one form (held

together with scotch tape) as well as separately; covered with marine

incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside of body and inside of neck



=324); 130/140 to end 1st century BC

Drawn: Yes (handle, spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/X2

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Body and neck of an amphora (restored, rim + most of handles + spike

missing)

Description: Spike missing; cylindrical body; carinated shoulder; long, cylindrical neck; no

rim present; attachments and marginal pieces of band-handles from shoulder to

neck, oval in section

Colours Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink and 2.5YR 6/6 red to 2.5YR 6/8 red

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink and 5YR 8/2 white to 7.5YR 5/6 strong brown


Measurements: 92.0x30.0x1.0 (neck). Diameter (neck): 12.6cm

- 14 -

Comments: Larger part of amphora remains; no marine incrustations; form has been

restored badly (still severely damaged and remains of glue clearly visible); no

inv.nr. on amphora




Drawn: No

Inv.nr: LAC/X9

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Body of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical/piriform body; cylindrical neck; handle-attachments of band-

handles

Colors: Ext. 10YR 6/1 light gray/gray to 10YR 5/1 gray

Int. 10YR 6/1 light gray/gray

Core 10YR 6/1 light gray/gray to 10YR 5/1 gray

Measurements: 26.2x25.8x1.6 (wall). Diameter (neck): 14.7cm

Comments: Only body remains (no spike, larger part of neck or rim); worn and damaged;

no inv.nr.




Drawn: No

Inv.nr: LAC/X10

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Body of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical/piriform body; cylindrical neck

Colors: Ext. 5YR 8/3 pink and 5YR 7/4 pink to 10R 6/6 light red




Comments: Only body remains (no spike, larger part of neck or rim); worn and damaged;

no inv.nr. present

- 15 -




Drawn: No

Inv.nr: LAC/X61

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Handle of an amphora

Description: Long band-handle


Int. 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow


Measurements: 16.1x4.4

Comments: Worn and damaged




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X62

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck, rim and part of handle-attachment of an amphora

Description: Conical neck, outcurving rim, shallowly doubly thickened on the outside;

convex lip, ribbed band-handle-attachment, roughly rectangular in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 7/4 pink & 5YR 7/1 light gray

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink to 5YR 7/1 light gray

Core 5YR 7/4 pink






Drawn: Yes

- 16 -

Type 3 Unknown rim ‘type A’

Inv.nr: LAC/Ct.971.01/01

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim and one handle of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; short conical neck; slightly outcurving straight rim,

thickened and undercut on the outside; convex lip; one band-handles, bending

below rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/2 white & 2.5YR 5/6 red

Int. 10YR 8/2 white

Core 10YR 8/2 white


Comments: Worn and damaged; findspot Cretarossa

Confronti: Probably Attema et al. 2003, Type 3 Unknown rim ‘type A’ (134); end 2nd to

start 1st century BC

Drawn: Yes

Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’

Inv.nr: LAC/X26

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim and handle-attachments of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical neck; straight rim, undercut on the outside; flattened lip; handle-

attachments, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink

Core 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 2.5 YR N 3/ very dark gray


Comments: Worn and damaged; irregular outer facing of rim; some rather large inclusions

visible (>2mm); fabric uniformly speckled very dark gray

Confronti: Attema et al. 2003, Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’ (134); end 2nd to start 1st

century BC

Drawn: Yes

- 17 -

Inv.nr: LAC/X30

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck and rim of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical neck; spreading, triangular rim; flattened, convex lip


Int. 5YR 8/3 pink




Confronti: Attema et al. 2003, Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’ (134); end 2nd to start 1st

century BC

Drawn: Yes

Type 8 Unknown base ‘type B’


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Spike of an amphora

Description: Knobbed spike, flattened outside, encircling groove; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink & 5YR 5/3 reddish brown

Int. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 6/6 light red


Measurements: 11.6x15.0x1.1 (wall). Diameter (spike): 5.7cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; irregular surface; fingerprints on wall; findspot Cretarossa

Confronti: Attema et al. 2003, Type 8 Unknown base ‘type B’ (135); end 2nd to start 1st

century BC

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora



- 18 -

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink & 5YR 5/3 reddish brown

Int. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 6/6 light red





century BC

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora



Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/2 white

Int. 10YR 8/2 white

Core 10YR 8/3 very pale brown




century BC

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora




Int. 10YR 8/2 white



Comments: Worn and damaged; findspot Cretarossa


century BC

Drawn: Yes

- 19 -


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed spike, flattened outside; flaring wall


Int. 10YR 8/2 white to 10YR 8/3 very pale brown



Comments: Worn and damaged; irregular surface; findspot Cretarossa


century BC

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora




Int. 10YR 8/2 white to 10YR 8/3 very pale brown





century BC

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora




Int. 10YR 8/2 white


- 20 -




century BC

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/Pol.205.10/01

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed spike, concave inside, flattened outside, encircling groove; flaring wall,

thickening inside towards spike with ridge on transition


Int. 10YR 8/2 white


Measurements: 8.3x8.0x1.2 (wall)

Comments: Very worn and damaged; very light coloured fabric, reminiscent of Cretarossa

spikes (LAC/Ct.971.01/04-08)


century BC

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X58

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed spike, rounded outside, encircling groove; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow & 5YR 6/1 gray/light

gray

Int. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 5YR 6/1 gray/light gray


Measurements: 6.2x7.8x0.8 (wall) – Diameter (spike): 6.6cm



century BC

Drawn: Yes

- 21 -

Brindisian amphora

Inv.nr: LAC/X1

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Neck, rim and part of shoulder with handle of an amphora (+ loose handle-

attachment)

Description: Short, cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened on inside, thickened and

undercut outside; convex lip; short ring-handle at the right from shoulder to

neck, bending just below rim, round in section; attachment and small piece of

ring-handle at the left (as loose fragment)

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 5/4 brown

Int. 7.5YR 5/4 brown to 7.5YR 6/4 light brown



Comments: Only top of the amphora remains; loose handle-attachment; no marine

incrustations; no inv.nr. on either fragment

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Brindisian amphora


=51); end 2nd to end 1st century BC


Dressel 2-4 Cos

Inv.nr: LAC/117750

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (rim damaged)

Description: Tapering spike; cylindrical/piriform body; carinated shoulder; fairly long,

cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened on both in- and outside; convex lip;

long, straight, double-bar handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply just

below rim; double cylindrical in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 6/6 light red

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 6/6 light red

Core 10R 6/4 pale red

- 22 -


4.2cm

Comments: Complete form, save for slightly damaged rim; worn horizontal groove on

transition shoulder-neck; inv.nr. marked on inside left handle. Find location

Torre Astura

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 2-4 Cos


=95); 1st century BC to 2nd century AD


Forlimpopoli

Inv.nr: LAC/11

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Flaring base-ring, rounded edge, outside convex, inside slightly concave;

piriform body; conical neck; outcurving rim, slightly undercut on outside;

convex lip; long band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending just below the

rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow, 2.5YR 5/6 red to 7.5YR 4/6 strong brown

Int. 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown


Measurements: 46.4x26.8x0.7 (wall) – 0.5 (lip). Diameter (lip): 7.7cm. Diameter (base): 11cm

Comments: Complete form; some marine incrustations, especially on neck; traces of brown

slip on body and neck (5YR 3/3 dark reddish brown); inv.nr. marked on

inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Forlimpopoli


=130); 1st century BC to start 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes (rim, handle, base-ring)

Inv.nr: LAC/18

Ware: IVc amphora

- 23 -


Description: Raised base-ring, tapering beveled edge, inside slightly concave, outside concave

turning to convex centre-point; piriform body; carinated shoulder; small

cylindrical neck; outturning thickened rim with internal (rounded) angle,

undercut outside; flattened lip; ribbed ring-handles from shoulder to neck,

round in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Int. 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Measurements: 48.6x28.8x0.7 (wall) – 0.9 (lip). Diameter (lip): 7.0cm. Diameter (base-ring):

9.2cm

Comments: Complete form; some pieces chipped off from lip and base-ring; two grooves

on neck between handles; some marine incrustations; blackened by firing

(2.5YR N4/ dark gray); inv.nr. marked on iron stand





Inv.nr: LAC/19

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (base-ring and rim damaged)

Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, flat inside, convex outside; piriform body; long

cylindrical neck; outturning rim, slightly thickening on the outside; convex lip;

straight, long band-handles from shoulder to neck, 90° bend towards neck,

oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Measurements: 48.2x28.8x0.5 (wall) – 0.6 (lip). Diameter (lip): 7.3 cm. Diameter (base-ring):

10.0cm

Comments: Complete form, save for damaged base-ring and rim; some marine incrustations

on lower part of the body, neck and handles; inv.nr. marked on iron stand

- 24 -

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Forlimpopoli




Inv.nr: LAC/Bol.820.05/01

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; tapering conical neck, ridged four times on the outside;

slightly outcurving rim, thickened and undercut on the outside; convex lip; one

band-handle, bending sharply on level with rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR N 6/ gray/light gray

Int. 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white to 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray

Core 7.5YR 5/2 brown

Measurements: 18.1x17.7x0.9 (wall) – 1.4 (lip). Diameter (lip): 6.3cm (front)/7.2cm (side)

Comments: Worn and damaged; rim diameter is oval; tituli picti on the neck behind the

handle?




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X15

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical/cylindrical neck; straight rim, thickened and

undercut outside; convex lip; ring-handles bending sharply on level with rim,

round in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/0 light gray/gray

Int. 10YR 6/4 light yellowish brown

Core 10YR 5/1 gray


Comments: Worn and damaged; no inv.nr. present

- 25 -





Inv.nr: LAC/X16

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; fairly short, cylindrical neck; straight, spreading rim,

thickened on both in- and outside; beveled/convex lip; band-handles bending

sharply on level with rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 7.5YR 8/4 pink

Int. 5YR 4/1 dark gray



Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; no inv.nr. present





Agora F65-66

Inv.nr: LAC/X3

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (rim damaged/missing)

Description: Flaring spike, beveled edge, outside concave turning to strongly convex/pointed

centre-point; rilled ovoid/globular body; no distinguishable shoulder; no rim

present; one small, ribbed band-handle bending sharply on body just below and

against neck, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Int. 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Core 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

- 26 -

Measurements: 48.0x22.0x0.5 (wall) – 0.6 (lip) – 1.4 (spike). Diameter (lip): 4.5cm. Diameter

(spike): 5.0cm

Comments: Almost complete form, save for damaged/missing rim; marine incrustations

evenly spread over body; inv.nr. marked on note inside body

Confronti: USAP 2005, Agora F65-66


=311); mid 1st century BC to 4th century AD

Drawn: Yes (handle, spike)

Haltern 70

Inv.nr: LAC/13

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Long, solid, tapering spike; slightly bulbous, cylindrical body; somewhat

carinated shoulder (hardly distinguishable due to wear); fairly long, cylindrical

neck; slightly outcurving collar-rim, thickened and undercut outside, thickened

below lip inside; convex lip; long, ribbed band-handles, with deep vertical

groove in the middle, from shoulder to neck, bending toward neck just below

rim

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 6/4 light brown

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink, 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 7.5YR 5/4 brown

Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink


9.2cm

Comments: Complete form; some marine incrustations, especially on handles; horizontal

groove ca. 4cm below shoulder, running two thirds of amphora’s circumference

(indication for wheel-throwing?); inv.nr. marked on inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Haltern 70


=148); 80/60 BC to the Antonine period


- 27 -

Dressel 2-4 Italian

Inv.nr: LAC/1

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Spike (damaged), body and small part of the neck of an amphora

Description: Damaged spike; cylindrical body; carinated shoulder; start of

conical/cylindrical neck; no rim or lip present; attachments of double-bar

handles on neck, handles not present

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 6/6 light red



Measurements: 77.5x32.5x1.3 (neck). Diameter (shoulder): 27.8cm.

Comments: Worn spike; neck severely damaged; marine incrustations on both exterior and

interior, obscuring left handle; inv.nr. marked on tape on body

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 2-4 Italian


=102); 70 BC to start 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes (spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/12

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (spike missing)

Description: Spike missing; cylindrical/piriform body; carinated shoulder; fairly long,

cylindrical neck; spreading rim, thickened on the outside; convex lip; long,

straight double-bar handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards

neck just below rim, double-circled in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 5/6 strong brown and 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 10YR 4/4

dark yellowish brown

Int. 10YR 4/4 dark yellowish brown



Comments: Complete form, save for missing spike; larger part of body, neck and handles

covered in marine incrustations (obscuring details); inv.nr. marked on inside

rim

- 28 -





Inv.nr: LAC/88

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Spike, body and very small part of neck of an amphora

Description: Tapering spike, flaring at the bottom, rounded knob; cylindrical/piriform

body; carinated shoulder; very small part of cylindrical or conical neck; no rim

present; attachments of double-bar handles from shoulder to…, double circular

in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow and 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish

gray

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray


Measurements: 70.5x28.0x1.4 (neck). Diameter (neck): 12.5cm. Diameter (spike): 6.5cm

Comments: Larger part of amphora remains; few marine incrustations (but obscuring

details, like handles); inv.nr. marked on sticker on outside shoulder




Drawn: Yes (spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/117749

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, tapering spike; fairly long, cylindrical body; carinated shoulder;

cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened on both in- and outside; convex lip;

long, straight double-bar handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply just

below rim, double cylindrical in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 5/8 red and 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 8/1 white



- 29 -


4.0cm

Comments: Complete form; rim irregular in diameter (diameter noted is average); body is

dented halfway on one side; strong contrast in color; results of misfiring

and/or poor drying? Find location Torre Astura





Inv.nr: LAC/X27

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Long, cylindrical neck; outcurving rim; convex lip; ribbed band-handle-

attachments, irregularly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Int. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray to 2.5YR 6/8 light red

Core 2.5 YR 6/6 light red


Comments: Worn and damaged; shoulder-neck transition is doubly ridged on the outside;

clear wheel-turning marks on inside neck

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Dressel 2-4 Italian


=102); 70 BC to start 3rd century AD.

Parallel in the ‘Colle Falcone amphora’ found during profile cleaning (11-07-

2007). Local production?

Drawn: Yes

Rhodian Type

Inv.nr: LAC/74

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Upper half of an amphora

- 30 -

Description: Cylindrical/piriform body; long, upwards tapering, cylindrical neck; outcurving

rim, thickened and undercut on the outside; long, straight, ring-handles from

shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck just below rim, handles pointed

on top at level with rim

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/4 very pale brown to 7.5YR 5/4 brown

Int. 2.5Y 8/4 pale yellow

Core 5YR 8/3 pink


Comments: Only upper half of amphora remains; few marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked

on inside body

Confronti: USAP 2005, Rhodian Type


=74); end 1st century BC to mid 2nd century AD


Inv.nr: LAC/78

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Shoulder, neck, rim, right handle and attachment of left handle of an amphora

Description: Long, cylindrical neck; rectangular rim, thickening on the outside; flattened lip;

long, straight band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply downwards

towards neck just below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/2 pinkish gray to 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Int. 5YR 4/1 dark gray


Measurements: 33.0x29.5x1.1 9 (wall) – 1. 4 (lip). Diameter (lip): 11.4cm

Comments: Only part of shoulder preserved, neck is in good condition save for piece

broken off through to rim (recent fracture?); very few marine incrustations;

inv.nr. marked on inside shoulder

Confronti: USAP 2005, Rhodian Type


=74); end 1st century BC to mid 2nd century AD


- 31 -

Dressel 2-4 Catalan

Inv.nr: LAC/X56

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray to 5YR 8/3 pink

Int. 5YR 8/3 pink

Core 10R 6/6 light red


Comments: Worn and damaged; outside shoulder stamped C E L S; findspot Poligono

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 2-4 Catalan


=94); end 1st century BC to end 2nd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Tripolitanian 1

Inv.nr: LAC/X29

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Cylindrical/conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened twice on the outside;

convex lip; short band-handle from shoulder to neck, bending sharply just


Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink

Core 5YR 7/4 pink


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; some rather large inclusions

visible (>2mm)

Confronti: USAP 2005, Tripolitanian 1


=304); 1st to mid 2nd century AD

- 32 -

Drawn: Yes

Tripolitanian 2

Inv.nr: LAC/X4

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Rim fragment of an amphora

Description: Part of conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened twice outside (thickening below

lip is pointed); convex lip

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/3 reddish brown

Int. 10YR 5/6 yellowish brown

Core 10R 5/6 red


Comments: Only rim of amphora remains; some marine incrustations; no inv.nr. present



=305); 1st to 4th century AD

Drawn: Yes (rim)

Inv.nr: LAC/X38

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck and rim of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; short cylindrical/conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened

twice on the outside; convex lip

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

Int. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/6 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations




Drawn: Yes

- 33 -


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice

on the outside; convex lip

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white to 7.5YR 8/4 pink

Int. 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white

Core 2.5 YR 6/4 light reddish brown






Drawn: Yes

Peacock & Williams 66

Inv.nr: LAC/65

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored)

Description: Spike missing; cylindrical rilled body without distinguishable shoulder; straight

vertical rim, thickening on the inside vertical rim; convex lip; small, small ring-

handle left, irregular in section; right handle missing save for attachment (recent

fracture)

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 6/8 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Core 10R 5/6 red to 10R 5/8 red


Comments: Complete form, save for missing (recently fractured) right handle and missing

spike; amphora covered in marine incrustations; blackened by firing (2.5YR

N4/ dark gray); inv.nr. marked on tape around handle

- 34 -

Confronti: USAP 2005, Peacock & Williams 66


=59); start 1st to start 3rd century AD


Beltrán 2B

Inv.nr: LAC/61

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored)

Description: Spike missing; long, sagging body which widens towards base; no

distinguishable shoulder; short cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickening on

the inside; tapering, rounded lip; long band-handles from body to rim (meshes

into rim), oval in section


Int. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 7.5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Core 7.5YR 6/4 light brown


Comments: Almost complete form, save for missing spike; pieces of rim chipped off; two

grooves running beneath outcurving part of rim for about 14cm at the back of

the amphora. Although rim is chipped, remaining complete sections at the

front do not show similar or continuation of grooves; inv.nr. marked on paper

at left handle

Confronti: USAP 2005, Beltrán 2B


=44); Tiberian-Claudian to mid 2nd century AD


Dressel 21-22

Inv.nr: LAC/50

Ware: IVc amphora

- 35 -

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored, spike damaged)

Description: Tapering spike; spindle-shaped/piriform body; no distinguishable neck;

outcurving rim, thickened and undercut outside; convex lip; short, ribbed band-

handles bending on body, ovoid/diamond-shaped in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown and 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 4/4 reddish

brown

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink

Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 2.5YR 4/4 reddish brown


Comments: Complete form, save for damaged spike; marine incrustations cover body;

inv.nr. marked on tape inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 21-22


=86); mid to end 1st century AD


Dressel 20


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck, rim and one handle (= separate fragment) of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, severely thickened on the outside and concave

on the inside; convex lip; very thick ring-handle bending below rim, roughly

oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/1 to 10YR 7/2 light gray

Int. 10YR 7/1 to 10YR 7/2 light gray & 10YR 8/1 white

Core 2.5Y N 4/ dark gray to 10YR 8/1 white

Measurements: 18.4x19.3 (23.3 with handle)x1.6 (wall) – 4.2 (lip). Diameter (lip): 18cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; handle is separate fragment, fracture (recent?) added in

drawing; stamped S AE NI C HE (most probably SAENICHE, see entry

16815 in Corpus CEIPAC) on top of handle

- 36 -



=83); mid 1st century to end 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X59

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Handle of an amphora (+ wall-attachment)

Description: Thick ring-handle, oval in section


Int. 5YR 7/3 pink

Core 5YR 7/3 pink


Comments: Worn and damaged; stamped A I T A (most probably ATITTAE, see for

example entry 15670 in Corpus CEIPAC) on top of handle



=83); mid 1st century to end 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Gauloise 4

Inv.nr: LAC/10

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Slightly flaring base-ring, rounded edge, outside convex, inside flat; wide,

piriform body; somewhat carinated shoulder (hardly distinguishable due to

wear); small, conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened and severely undercut on

outside; convex lip; ribbed band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending

sharply just below rim (ribs on the sides are narrow and very pronounced),

irregularly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 7.5YR 4/4 dark brown

Int. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white

- 37 -


Measurements: 68.5x35.2x0.4 (wall) – 1.9 (lip). Diameter (lip): 10.8cm. Diameter (base):

7.8cm

Comments: Complete form; marine incrustations on one side of the amphora only,

indicating position on seabed; shoulder on front of amphora seems to be

dented (happened during drying?); inv.nr. marked on inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Gauloise 4


=136); 50 AD to end 3rd century AD


Inv.nr: LAC/24

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, inside flat, outside flat; wide piriform body;

short conical/cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving rim, thickened and undercut

on the outside; convex lip; short band-handles with deep vertical groove, from

shoulder to neck, partly oval in section, bending sharply towards neck just

below rim

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow

Int. 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 7/4 pink

Core 5YR 7/4 pink


10.9cm

Comments: Complete form; left handle has been reattached; few marine incrustations;

handles have been roughly attached to neck; rectangular hole below shoulder;

horizontal grooves on entire body; inv.nr. marked on inside rim





Inv.nr: LAC/25

Ware: IVc amphora

- 38 -


Description: Small, bulbous spike; wide piriform body; small, cylindrical neck; outcurving

rim, thickened and undercut on the outside; convex lip; band-handles from

shoulder to neck, with concave depression on outside, bending just below rim,

roughly oval in section


Int. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown



6.4cm

Comments: Complete form; some marine incrustations; handles have been attached to the

neck quite roughly; inv.nr. marked on inside rim






Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim and two handles of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; short conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened and undercut

on the outside; convex lip; two ribbed band-handles, bending sharply just

below rim, irregularly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/3 very pale brown

Int. 10YR 8/3 very pale brown


Measurements: 13.9x31.8x1.0 (wall) – 2.2 (lip). Diameter (lip): 13.2

Comments: Slightly worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; handles crudely

attached to neck; stamped M N K on shoulder just below neck




Drawn: Yes

- 39 -


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened on the

outside; convex lip; two ribbed band-handles, bending sharply just below rim,

irregularly oval in section





Comments: Slightly worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; handles crudely

attached to neck




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X12

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical neck; outcurving rim, thickening on the

outside; band-handles with central depression, bending sharply against rim,

irregular in section



Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink







Inv.nr: LAC/X19

- 40 -

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; outcurving rim, thickening on both out- and inside;

convex/rounded lip; band-handles with central depression, bending just below

rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/1 white to 10YR 7/6 yellow


Core 10YR 6/1 light gray/gray







Inv.nr: LAC/X32

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, conical neck; slightly outcurving rim, thickened on the outside; convex

lip; band-handle-attachments on shoulder-neck transition, roughly rectangular

in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/4 pink to 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink to 5YR 8/3 pink

Core 5YR 7/4 pink


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; handles crudely attached to

neck




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X43

Ware: IVc amphora

- 41 -



outside; convex lip; two ribbed band-handles, bending sharply just below rim,

roughly rectangular in section


Int. 5YR 7/4 pink



Comments: Worn and damaged; a lot of marine incrustations, obscuring rim; origin

Poligono




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X55

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim, one handle and one handle-attachment of an

amphora


outside; convex lip; one ribbed band-handle-attachment and one ribbed band-

handle, bending sharply just on level with rim

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/2 light gray


Core 10YR 4/1 dark gray


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; handles quite crudely attached

to neck




Drawn: Yes

- 42 -

Beirut 3

Inv.nr: LAC/36

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored, base/spike missing)

Description: Base/spike missing; rilled, conical/piriform body; fairly long, cylindrical neck;

straight, spreading rim, thickened on the outside; beveled, flattened lip; long,

straight, pronouncedly ribbed band-handles, bending sharply towards neck just

below lip, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 6/6 light red


Core 10R 5/6 red to 2.5YR 6/8 light red


Comments: Complete form, save for missing spike/base; few marine incrustations; circular

halfway on neck; inv.nr. marked on inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Beirut 3


=38); end 1st to mid 2nd century AD


Leptiminius 1

Inv.nr: LAC/X35

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck, rim and one handle-attachment of an amphora

Description: Cylindrical neck; outturning rim, doubly grooved outside; convex lip; band-

handle-attachment, roughly oval in section



Core 5YR 7/4 pink



- 43 -

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Leptiminius 1


=352); end 1st to start 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Empoli

Inv.nr: LAC/23

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Small solid spike; piriform body; small cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving

triangular rim with rounded edge; flattened lip; long, ribbed band-handles form

shoulder to neck, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 10YR 5/6 yellowish brown


Core 10YR 5/2 grayish brown


Comments: Complete form; some marine incrustations, especially around left handle; clear

wheel-turning marks on interior (around neck); very shallow ribbing on

exterior; blackened by firing (10YR 3/1 very dark gray); inv.nr. marked on

iron stand

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Empoli


=129); 2nd to 5th century AD


Campanian almond-rim type


Ware: IVc amphora


- 44 -

Description: Rounded shoulder; long, cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened and

slightly undercut on the outside; convex lip; band-handles, bending below rim,

roughly rectangular in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow to 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow




Comments: Worn and damaged; wheel-turning marks inside neck; label on outside neck

(Porto 3, Torre Astura, Gioacchimi F.)

Confronti: USAP 2005, Campanian almond-rim type


=52); start 2nd to start 4th century AD

Drawn: Yes

Africana 1 Piccolo


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck and one handle of an amphora

Description: Conical neck; one thick band-handle, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR N 7/ light gray to 7.5YR N 6/ light gray/gray

Int. 7.5YR N 7/ light gray

Core 7.5YR N 7/ light gray to 7.5YR N 6/ light gray/gray


Comments: Worn and damaged; position unsure

Confronti: USAP 2005, Africana 1 Piccolo

http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/archive/amphora_ahrb_2005/details.cfm?id

=1); mid 2nd to start 4th century AD

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X18

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, part of neck, rim and one handle of an amphora

- 45 -

Description: Rounded shoulder; cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickening on the outside;

convex lip; short band-handle bending below rim, roughly oval in section


Int. 10YR 8/1 white

Core 10YR 8/1 white







Inv.nr: LAC/X24

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical/cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving rim,

thickening on the outside and slightly incurving on the inside; convex lip; one

fairly small band-handle, bending below rim

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/0 light gray/gray to 7.5YR 8/0 white

Int. 7.5YR 5/0 gray to 10YR 8/1 white

Core 7.5YR 6/0 light gray/gray







Africana 2A Grande

Inv.nr: LAC/3

Ware: IVc amphora


- 46 -

Description: Short, stumpy spike; wide, cylindrical body; short, cylindrical neck; slightly

outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice on the outside; convex lip; short

band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck below rim,

oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 7.5YR 5/4 brown

Int. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 10YR 6/3 pale brown



8.2cm

Comments: Complete form; quite a lot marine incrustations; rounded, rectangular hole on

shoulder; inv.nr. marked on inside rim

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Africana 2A Grande


=3); mid 2nd to end 3rd century AD


Inv.nr: LAC/4

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, stumpy spike; wide, cylindrical body; short, cylindrical neck; slightly

outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice on the outside; convex lip; short

band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck below rim,

oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 10YR 6/2 light brownish gray




9.1cm

Comments: Complete form; one side covered with marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on

inside rim





- 47 -


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Cylindrical/conical neck; outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice on the

outside; convex lip; short band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply

just below rim, roughly oval in section


Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/8 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; stamped M I V P (?) just

below rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Africana 2A Grande



Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/9

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Tapering spike, bulging in the middle, flat foot; wide, cylindrical body; short,

conical neck; outturning rim with internal angle, undercut, thickened and with

one horizontal groove on the outside; convex lip; short band-handles form

shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red and 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 3/2 dark

reddish brown




5.6cm

Comments: Complete form; marine incrustations on one side of body; blackened band (due

to firing) lining incrustations; inv.nr. marked inside rim

- 48 -






Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck, rim and two handles of an amphora

Description: Conical neck; spreading rim, thickened and undercut on the outside; convex lip;

two band-handle attachments of one handle; two band-handles on level with


Colors: Ext. 5YR 5/2 reddish gray to 5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Int. 10R 5/8 red

Core 10R 5/4 weak red to 10R 5/8 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations, obscuring rim




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X6

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim (damaged) and handles of an amphora

Description: Shoulder of wide, cylindrical body; short, conical/cylindrical neck; slightly

outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice on the outside with horizontal

groove in between, slightly incurving inside; rounded convex lip; short band-

handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply just below rim, roughly oval in

section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/1 light gray/gray to 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 6/1 light gray/gray to 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow



- 49 -

Comments: Only upper part of amphora remains; worn and damaged; very few marine

incrustations; no inv.nr. present





Inv.nr: LAC/X11

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical/cylindrical neck; outturning rim with

internal angle, undercut twice and thickened twice on the outside; convex lip;

one short band-handle below rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray


Core 10R 6/6 light red to 5YR 4/1 dark gray

Measurements: 19.2x25.9x1.1 (wall) – 2.0 (lip), Diameter (lip): 14.4cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; black resin (?) visible on interior; no inv.nr. present





Inv.nr: LAC/X17

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, part of neck, rim and one handle of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; fairly wide, conical/cylindrical neck; outcurving rim,

thickened twice and undercut twice on the outside; convex lip; fairly short,

ribbed band-handle bending just below rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 8/3 pink to 10YR 7/2 light gray




Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; no inv.nr. present

- 50 -





Inv.nr: LAC/X25

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck and rim of an amphora

Description: Rounded shoulder; cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving rim, thickening on the

outside; convex lip; ribbed band-handles, bending just below rim


Int. 5YR 8/3 pink to 2.5YR 6/6 light red, 5YR 5/6 yellowish red & 2.5 YR

N 3/ very dark gray

Core 2.5 YR 5/4 reddish brown to 2.5YR 5/8 red

Measurements: 24.8x31.6.1.3 (wall) – 2.4 (lip). Diameter (lip): 13.6cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations obscuring lip; inside of

shoulder stained with very dark gray blotches and stripes of yellowish red,

perhaps resin/remains of contents?; distinct two-tone fabric




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X28

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Cylindrical/conical neck; outcurving rim, undercut and thickened twice on the

outside; convex lip; short shallowly ribbed band-handles from shoulder to neck,

bending sharply just below rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Core 10R 5/4 weak red


Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; small hole in rim

- 51 -




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X31

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck and one handle of an amphora

Description: Conical neck; short band-handle from shoulder to neck


Int. 10R 6/3 pale red to 10R 6/4 pale red & 10R 4/1 dark reddish gray


Measurements: 10.7x9.4x0.8 (wall). Diameter (inside neck): 11cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; some marine incrustations; inside of shoulder and neck

stained with dark reddish gray blotches, perhaps resin/remains of contents?




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X39

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short cylindrical/conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened

twice on the outside; convex lip; two band-handles, bending sharply just below



Int. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray & 7.5YR 4/6 strong brown

Core 2.5YR 6/6 to 2.5YR 6/8 & 5YR 4/2 dark reddish gray

Measurements: 16.6x29.8x0.7 (wall) – 1.8 (lip). Diameter: 14.5cm

Comments: Worn and damaged (part of rim missing); some marine incrustations; distinct

two-tone fabric

- 52 -




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X40

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened twice and

undercut once on the outside; convex lip; two band-handles, bending sharply


Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/1 light gray to 10R 5/2 weak red

Int. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray & 7.5YR 4/6 strong brown

Core 2.5YR 6/6 to 2.5YR 6/8 & 5YR 4/2 dark reddish gray

Measurements: 14.8x32.4x0.9 (wall) – 1.9 (lip). Diameter: 13.4cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations, obscuring rim; distinct two-

tone fabric




Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X41

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, thickened twice and

undercut once on the outside; convex lip; two band-handles, bending sharply




Core 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Measurements: 19.9x33.3x1.9 (wall) – 2.2 (wall). Diameter (lip: 14.4cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations, almost totally obscuring rim;

distinct two-tone fabric

- 53 -




Drawn: Yes

Dressel 30 - Keay IA


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short conical neck; outcurving rim, thickened and shallowly

undercut on the outside; convex lip; two ribbed band-handles, bending sharply

on level with rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 8/2 pinkish white

Int. 5YR 8/2 pinkish white to 5YR 8/3 pink

Core 5YR 8/3 pink



Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 30 - Keay 1A


=108); 3rd century AD

Drawn: Yes

Dressel 23

Inv.nr: LAC/27

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, tapering spike; piriform body; small, cylindrical neck; triangular rim,

thickening on both in- and outside; convex lip; ring-handles from shoulder to

neck, round in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 10YR 7/4 very pale brown

- 54 -

Int. 7.5YR 7/4 pink

Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink


3.5cm

Comments: Complete form; few marine incrustations



=87); 3rd to start 6th century AD


Dressel 30 - Keay IB

Inv.nr: LAC/28

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Complete amphora (restored, in two pieces)

Description: Solid, flaring spike; piriform body; quite rounded shoulder; short, cylindrical

neck; straight, almost vertical collar-rim, thickened and undercut on the

outside; convex lip; ribbed band-handles from shoulder to neck; bending

sharply toward neck just above underside rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red, 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown, 5YR 6/1 light gray

to 5YR 7/1 gray



Measurements: 69.8 (in iron stand)/66.6 (effectively) x36.3x0.8 (wall) – 1.6 (lip). Diameter

(lip): 12.6cm. Diameter (spike): 6.2cm

Comments: Complete form, though amphora is in two matching pieces (lower and upper

half, fractured along body); pieces chipped off; fractures and remains of glue

still visible; some marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside rim

Confronti: USAP 2005, Dressel 30 - Keay 1B


=329); end 3rd to 4th century AD


- 55 -

Inv.nr: LAC/X21

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical neck; spreading, straight rim, thickening on

the outside; flattened/convex lip; band-handles with central groove, bending

just below rim

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/2 light brownish gray




Comments: Worn and damaged; horizontal groove on transition shoulder-neck; no inv.nr.

present





Inv.nr: LAC/X23

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short, conical neck; spreading rim, thickening and deeply &

broadly undercut on the outside, slightly incurving on the inside;

convex/flattened lip; one band-handle with central groove, bending just below

rim










- 56 -

Africana 3A

Inv.nr: LAC/69

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (bottom part damaged, base missing)

Description: Cylindrical body; cylindrical neck; straight, outturning rim with external angle,

slightly thickening on the outside; flattened convex lip; ribbed band-handles

from shoulder-neck transition to neck, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 7.5YR 5/4 brown

Int. 7.5YR 6/2 pinkish gray



Comments: Most of amphora remains, base and bottom part missing; somewhat irregular

handles; few marine incrustations (note piece of coral between right handle and

neck); inv.nr. marked on inside body

Confronti: USAP 2005, Africana 3A




Inv.nr: LAC/70

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Upper half of an amphora with larger piece of body

Description: Larger part of cylindrical body; tapering cylindrical neck; outturning straight

rim with external angle; flattened convex lip; band-handles from shoulder to

neck, bending just below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 7.5YR 7/6 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/6 red


Comments: Larger part of body at one side mostly preserved (recent fractures?); some

marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside body

- 57 -





Inv.nr: LAC/72

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Upper half of an amphora

Description: Part of a cylindrical body; short cylindrical neck; outcurving rim; convex lip;

band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending just below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 5YR 5/4 reddish brown




Comments: Only upper half of amphora remains; lip irregular and somewhat roughly

finished; few marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside body





Inv.nr: LAC/X42

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; short conical neck; straight, slightly outcurving rim,

thickened and undercut on the outside; convex lip; two band-handles, bending


Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown


Core 2.5YR 4/8 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; rather large inclusions visible (>2mm); origin Poligono

- 58 -

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Africana 3A



Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X45

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; long cylindrical neck; spreading rim, thickened on the

inside; convex lip; two long band-handles, bending just below rim, roughly oval

in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/2 pale red to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown




Comments: Worn and damaged; a lot of marine incrustations; origin Poligono; identical

fabric and colours as LAC/X44, same vessel?




Drawn: Yes

Africana 3B


Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Cylindrical neck; outturning rim, undercut and thickened on the outside;

convex lip

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/8 light red




- 59 -

Comments: Worn and damaged; rather large inclusions visible (>2mm)

Confronti: USAP 2005, Africana 3B


=309); 4th century AD

Drawn: Yes

Keay 52

Inv.nr: LAC/20

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored, base missing)

Description: Base missing; globular/bag-shaped body; small conical neck; outcurving rim;

slightly thickening convex lip; long ring-handles, oval/round in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 5/6 red

Int. 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Core 2.5YR 5/8 red


Comments: Almost complete form; unclear whether a base or a spike has once been

attached; some marine incrustations; finishing seems a bit rough around the

neck and handles; blackened by firing (2.5YR N3/ very dark gray); inv.nr.

marked on iron stand

Confronti: Probably USAP 2005, Keay 52


=161); mid 4th to 7th century AD


Inv.nr: LAC/21

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (restored, neck and rim damaged)

Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, inside flat, outside concave turning to convex

centre-point; cylindrical/piriform body; cylindrical neck; spreading triangular

rim; convex lip; long band-handles (protruding) from shoulder to neck, oval in

section

- 60 -

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 10YR 7/6 yellow



Measurements: 46.0x26.8x0.5 (wall) – 1.2 (lip). Diameter (lip): ±10cm. Diameter (base-ring):

8.4cm

Comments: Complete form, save for severely damaged neck and rim (recent fractures); few

marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on iron stand

Confronti: USAP 2005, Keay 52




Inv.nr: LAC/31

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Raised base-ring, slightly beveled/rounded edge, concave outside turning to

slightly convex centre-point, inside unknown; downward tapering, piriform

body (rilled); fairly long, cylindrical/conical neck; slightly incurving, triangular

rim; convex lip; fairly long band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending

towards neck below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 7.5YR 3/2 dark brown

Int. 7.5YR 4/2 dark brown

Core 7.5YR 4/2 dark brown


9.6cm

Comments: Almost complete form, save for damaged rim; hardly any marine incrustations;






Inv.nr: LAC/49

Ware: IVc amphora

- 61 -

Shape: Almost complete amphora (base-ring damaged)

Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, inside unknown, outside unknown but

probably slightly concave (floor of base-ring missing); piriform body; small

cylindrical neck; straight, tapering rim, thickening on the outside; convex lip;

thick ring-handles from shoulder to neck, round in section

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 4/2 weak red to 2.5YR 5/4 reddish brown

Int. 2.5YR 4/2 weak red

Core 2.5YR 4/8 red

Measurements: 48.0x26.0x0.5 (wall) – 0.9 (lip). Diameter (lip): 7.7cm. Diameter (base-ring):

8.0cm

Comments: Complete form, save for missing floor of base-ring; some recent chipping at rim

and body; amphora covered for most part in marine incrustations (though

much of it has been cleaned off); inv.nr. marked on note in neck





Inv.nr: LAC/53

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Flaring base-ring, rounded edge, inside flattened, outside concave turning to

convex centre-point; piriform body; small cylindrical neck; triangular rim,

almost vertical inside, grooved once horizontally inside to receive stopper;

pointed lip; band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending halfway shoulder

towards neck, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 8/2 white to 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Int. 10YR 8/2 white to 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow


Measurements: 40/5x23.0x0.9 (wall) – 1.3 (lip). Diameter (lip): 8.7cm. Diameter (base):

7.2cm

Comments: Complete form; worn; left handle crudely attached to neck; few marine

incrustations; inv.nr. marked on note between handle and body


- 62 -




Africana 3C


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Rim of an amphora

Description: Outturning rim, undercut and thickened on the outside; convex lip





Comments: Worn and damaged; very few marine incrustations

Confronti: USAP 2005, Africana 3C


=310); end 4th to mid 5th century AD

Drawn: Yes

Spatheion 1

Inv.nr: LAC/38

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (damaged spike)

Description: Long, tapering spike (damaged); long, narrow, cylindrical body; long,

conical/cylindrical neck; slightly outcurving, triangular rim, thickened and

undercut on the outside; convex lip; short band-handles, bending on neck,

roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 8/1 white, 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 2.5YR 4/2 weak red

Int. 5YR 8/1 white

Core 10R 4/8 red

- 63 -


Comments: Complete form, save for damaged spike; upper half of amphora totally covered

in marine incrustations, obscuring most of the neck and handles; inv.nr. marked

on note in neck

Confronti: USAP 2005, Spatheion 1




Keay 59

Inv.nr: LAC/73

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (lowest part of body + base/spike missing)

Description: Long, cylindrical body; short, conical/cylindrical neck; outcurving rim with

long and shallow undercut; convex lip; short band-handles from shoulder to

neck, bending halfway towards neck, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 5/4 yellowish brown to 10YR 7/3 very pale brown

Int. 10YR 5/4 yellowish brown to 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Core 10YR 5/4 yellowish brown to 10YR 7/3 very pale brown


Comments: Almost complete form, lowest part of body + base/spike missing; some marine

incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside body





Keay 62

Inv.nr: LAC/X57

Ware: IVc amphora

- 64 -


Description: Short, tapering spike with encircling ridge turning into knobbed tip

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 10YR 5/1 gray

Int. 10YR 5/1 gray



Comments: Worn and damaged; gray ‘lump’ inside spike; graffiti on outside spike?



=168 ;


=349); mid 5th century AD to start 7th century AD ; Keay 1984, Type LXII

Var. O (pp. 343, 346)

Drawn: Yes

Keay 55

Inv.nr: LAC/75

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Larger part of an amphora

Description: Long, cylindrical body; cylindrical/conical neck; straight, almost vertical collar-

rim; convex lip; band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending towards neck just

below rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown to 2.5YR 6/6 light red

Int. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 2.5YR 5/6 red



Comments: Larger piece of body remains, no base or spike present; some marine

incrustations on only one side, indicating position on seabed; inv.nr. marked on

outside neck



=164), end 5th to mid 6th century AD

- 65 -


AMPHORAE WITHOUT CONFRONTI (SORTED ON INV.NR.)

Inv.nr: LAC/14

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, stumpy spike; globular/bag-shaped body; cylindrical neck; thickened

outturning rim with external angle and groove on exterior just below

thickening; flattened lip; band-handles from shoulder to neck, with concave

depression on inside, bending just below rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 4/4 reddish brown



Measurements: 56.7x34.0x0.5 (wall) – 2.1 (lip), Diameter (lip): 14.1cm. Diameter (spike):

4.0cm

Comments: Complete form, fractures remain clearly visible; many marine incrustations;


Confronti: None


Inv.nr: LAC/17

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Concave base, turning to convex centre-point, rounded edge; globular/bag-

shaped body; mo distinguishable neck; outturning rim with external angle and

straight vertical section inside just below lip; flattened lip; band-handles from

shoulder to rim, meshing into rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 7.5YR 4/2 dark brown

Int. 7.5YR N7/ light gray to 7.5YR N6/ gray

Core 7.5YR 7/4 pink


Comments: Complete form; very few marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on inside rim

- 66 -

Confronti: None, but rim bears resemblance to Almagro 50


Inv.nr: LAC/29

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Concave base, rounded edge; rilled, piriform body; short, cylindrical neck;

straight, vertical collar-rim, thickening on both in- and outside; convex lip;

band-handles from shoulder to rim, with very shallow concave depression on

inside, bending sharply above rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/4 pink to 5YR 7/4 pink




Comments: Complete form, handles have been reattached; few marine incrustations; inv.nr.

marked on inside rim

Confronti: None, but body rilling and general appearance suggest a Late

Roman/Byzantine form


Inv.nr: LAC/45

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Almost complete amphora (rim damaged/missing and right handle missing)

Description: Flaring base-ring, rounded edge, inside concave, outside from edge concave,

then convex turning to even more convex centre-point; wide, globular/piriform

body; short, conical neck; no rim present; left band-handle from shoulder to

neck, bending towards neck below missing rim, roughly oval in section; right

handle not present

Colors: Ext. 10YR 6/6 brownish yellow to 7.5YR 6/6 reddish yellow

Int. 5YR 5/8 yellowish red


Measurements: 32.5x26.7x0.5 (wall). Diameter (base): 8.2cm

- 67 -

Comments: Complete form, save for damaged/missing rim and missing right handle;

marine incrustations on one side of form; blackened by firing; inv.nr. marked

on note between body and handle

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes (handle, base-ring)

Inv.nr: LAC/47

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, outside convex, inside unknown; piriform

body; short, cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, slightly thickened outside; convex

lip; short band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending towards neck below

rim, oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/3 very pale brown to 5YR 7/4 pink

Int. 5YR 7/4 pink

Core 5YR 7/4 pink


7.8cm

Comments: Complete form; lip severely worn; some marine incrustations; small, cylindrical

hole on shoulder; inv.nr. marked on note inside handle

Confronti: None


Inv.nr: LAC/48

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Flat base, inside concave; piriform/globular body; outcurving rim; convex lip;

fairly short ribbed band-handles (3 ribs) from shoulder to neck, bending

sharply towards neck just below and against rim, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 10YR 6/3 pale brown

Int. 10YR 6/3 pale brown

Core 10YR 6/3 pale brown

Measurements: 31.0x19.0x0.4 (wall) – 0.6 (lip). Diameter (lip): 15cm. Diameter (base): 8cm

- 68 -

Comments: Almost complete form, save for damaged rim; some marine incrustations; trace

of groove on body at one side of form (result of production process?); inv.nr.

marked on note between handle and body

Confronti: None, but form reminds of a small, flat-bottomed version of Dressel 21-22

(similar to LAC/54, but with different rim)


Inv.nr: LAC/52

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded base, concave centre-point outside; shallowly rilled, piriform body;

short, conical neck; slightly outcurving rim, thickened on both in- and outside;

convex lip; band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply above rim,

rectangular with rounded edges in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown

Int. 7.5YR 6/4 light brown



Comments: Complete form; totally covered in marine incrustations, obscuring most of

profile and rim details; inv.nr. marked on tape on outside body

Confronti: None, but appears to be a very worn specimen of the same form as LAC/29

(possibly Late Roman/Byzantine)


Inv.nr: LAC/54

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Flat base, rounded edge, inside flat, outside flat; tapering body; very short,

cylindrical neck; outcurving rim, one horizontal groove below lip; convex lip;

very small band-handles from shoulder to neck, bending sharply towards neck

just below rim

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 4/6 red and 5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 5YR 5/4 reddish

brown

Int. 5YR 5/4 reddish brown

- 69 -



7.0cm

Comments: Complete form, save for damaged rim (triangular piece missing); some marine

incrustations; inv.nr. marked on note inside neck

Confronti: None, but form reminds of a small, flat-bottomed version of Dressel 21-22

(similar to LAC/48, but with different rim)

Drawn: Yes (rim, handle, neck)

Inv.nr: LAC/79

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Body and neck (or part of spike; unsure) of an amphora

Description: Tapering body, rilled cylindrical neck (or part of spike)

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 5/4 brown to 7.5YR 4/6 strong brown

Int. 7.5YR 5/4 brown



Comments: Only body and neck of amphora remain, though not clear if form is perhaps

upside down (so neck is in fact part of spike); large hole (5cm) on shoulder

where handle might have been attached (no such hole on the other side

though); hardly any marine incrustations; inv.nr. marked on outside neck

Confronti: None, but probably African cylindrical

Drawn: No


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of neck, rim, one handle and two handle-attachments of an amphora

Description: Conical neck; first spreading then incurving rim; convex, undercut lip; two

band-handle attachments of one handle; one small band-handle bending sharply


Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/3 pink to 5YR 8/2 pinkish white

Int. 5YR 7/3 pink to 5YR 8/2 pinkish white

Core 5YR 7/3 pink

Measurements: 16.8x15.2x0.8 (wall) – 0.5 (rim) – 0.9 (lip). Diameter (lip): 8.7cm

- 70 -

Comments: Worn and damaged; awkward shape, late or Eastern vessel?

Confronti: None, but resembles Haltern 70 family

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/Cam.341.01/01

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Long, stumpy spike, concave inside with convex centre; flaring wall

Colours: Ext. 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white to 7.5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Int. 5YR 8/3 pink to 7.5YR 8/6 reddish yellow




Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/Cam.341.01/02

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, stumpy spike, concave inside with convex centre; flaring wall

Colours: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow



Measurements: 3,5x4.8x0.7 (wall). Diameter (spike): 4.8cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; only tip remains

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Handle of an amphora (+ wall-attachment)

Description: Thick, fairly short ring-handle, round in section


Int. 5YR 8/4 pink to 10YR 8/2 white

- 71 -



Comments: Very worn and damaged; very light colored fabric, reminiscent of Cretarossa

spikes (LAC/Ct.971.01/04-08) and LAC/Pol.205.10/01

Confronti: Probably belonging to same amphora as LAC/Pol.205.10/01

Drawn: Yes


Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of body, shoulder, neck and two handles of an amphora

Description: Piriform body, carinated shoulder; short conical neck; two ridged band-handles,

roughly round in section

Colors: Ext. 5YR5/1 gray to 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray

Int. 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray

Core 5YR5/1 gray to 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray

Measurements: 36.0x35.8x0.9 (wall). Diameter (outside neck): 7.5cm

Comments: Somewhat restored body; worn and damaged; no rim present; handles seem to

have a thick layer (3mm) of differently colored clay on them (slip?)

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X5

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Damaged spike and bottom part of an amphora

Description: Beginning of tapering spike; flaring, conical lower part of body


Int. 2.5YR 5/8 red

Core 2.5YR 5/8 red

Measurements: 25.6x24.7x1.0 (wall). Diameter (spike): ca. 6.5cm at the startning

Comments: Only lower part of amphora remains; lots of marine incrustations; no inv.nr.

present

Confronti: None

Drawn: No

- 72 -

Inv.nr: LAC/X7

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Base and part of body of an amphora

Description: Raised base-ring, rounded edge, inside concave, outside convex; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 7.5R 4/0 dark gray to 10YR 7/1 light gray

Int. 10YR 5/1 gray

Core 7.5R 5/0 gray to 10YR 7/1 light gray

Measurements: 13.2x18.8x1.3 (wall). Diameter (base): 10.7cm

Comments: Only lowest part of amphora remains; worn and damaged; hardly any marine

incrustations; no inv.nr. present

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes (base-ring)

Inv.nr: LAC/X8

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Spike and lower part of an amphora (restored)

Description: Tapering spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 10YR 7/1 light gray to 10YR 5/1 gray

Int. 10YR 6/1 gray

Core 10R 4/1 dark reddish gray


Comments: Only lower part of amphora remains; worn and damaged; no inv.nr. present

Confronti: None, but possibly African cylindrical (grey exterior possible indicator for

Tunisian fabric)

Drawn: Yes (spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/X13

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Slightly tapering, straight spike

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 2.5YR 5/6 red

Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red



- 73 -


Confronti: None, but probably of an African cylindrical amphora

Drawn: Yes (spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/X14

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Tapering spike, bulbous knob






Confronti: None, but probably of an African cylindrical amphora

Drawn: Yes (spike)

Inv.nr: LAC/X20

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder; outturning triangular rim with external angle, thickening on

the outside; convex lip; band-handles, bending just below rim


Int. 7.5YR 8/2 pinkish white

Core 7.5YR 8/4 pink



Confronti: None, but it is a definite African cylindrical. Keay 1984, Type LXXXV (pp.

376-379) is a possibility


Inv.nr: LAC/X22

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim, one handle and one handle-attachment of an

amphora

- 74 -

Description: Rounded shoulder; long, cylindrical neck; straight, upright rim, thickening on

the outside; convex lip; one irregularly ribbed band-handle

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/6 reddish yellow to 10YR 7/4 very pale brown

Int. 10YR 5/3 brown

Core 2.5Y 7/4 pale yellow


Comments: Worn and damaged; neck shallowly ribbed; handle very irregular in section and

overall appearance; no inv.nr. present

Confronti: None


Inv.nr: LAC/X33

Ware: IVc amphora

Shape: Part of shoulder, neck, rim, handle and handle-attachment of an amphora

Description: Short, conical neck; slightly outcurving rim; convex lip; one ribbed band-

handle-attachment; one ribbed band-handle, roughly rectangular in section





Comments: Very worn and damaged, especially rim; some marine incrustations

Confronti: None, but resembles a badly worn rim of an Almagro 50

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X34

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded shoulder, short, cylindrical neck; spreading, slightly outcurving rim;

grooved, convex lip; one band-handle, roughly oval in section





- 75 -

Comments: Worn and damaged; many marine incrustations, five grooves on outside neck

inside handle

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X36

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, conical neck; thin band-handle, oval in section


Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/6 red


Comments: Very worn and damaged; position unsure

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X37

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, conical neck; thick band-handle, oval in section





Comments: Very worn and damaged; position unsure

Confronti: None, but possibly African cylindrical (handle reminiscent of Africana 3A)

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X44

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded, short and stumpy spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/2 pale red to 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown

- 76 -




Comments: Worn and damaged; rather large inclusions visible (>2mm); origin Poligono

Confronti: None, but possibly African cylindrical

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X46

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Long, tapering, knobbed spike; slightly flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray




Comments: Worn and damaged; white slip on exterior

Confronti: None, but probably of an African cylindrical

Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X47

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Rounded, short and stumpy spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray

Int. 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray to 5YR 7/8 reddish yellow





Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X48

Ware: IVc amphora


- 77 -

Description: Rounded, long and stumpy solid spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/6 reddish yellow to 5YR 6/2 pinkish gray






Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X49

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 8/4 pink to 2.5YR 6/6 light red

Int. 2.5YR 6/6 light red to 5YR 7/4 pink

Core 5YR 7/4 pink


Comments: Worn and damaged; small hole outside


Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X50

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed, somewhat tapering spike; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 8/4 pink to 2.5YR 5/8 red

Int. 2.5YR 5/6 red

Core 2.5YR 5/6 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; fabric speckled white inside


Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X51

- 78 -

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Knobbed spike; flattened outside; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 2.5YR 6/8 light red

Int. 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown to 2.5YR 5/6 red





Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X52

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, stumpy, solid spike; flattened outside

Colors: Ext. 2.5YR 6/4 light reddish brown



Measurements: 9.8x7.8. Diameter (spike): 6.9cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; fabric speckled white


Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X53

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Short, somewhat bulbous, solid spike; flattened outside

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray



Measurements: 9.8x7.3. Diameter (spike): 6.0cm

Comments: Worn and damaged; white slip on exterior


Drawn: Yes

- 79 -

Inv.nr: LAC/X60

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Long, thick spike, ending in small solid ring; flaring wall

Colors: Ext. 5YR 7/2 pinkish gray to 10R 6/8 light red



Measurements: 15.6x8.8x1.4 (wall) – Diameter (spike): 5.9cm



Drawn: Yes

Inv.nr: LAC/X63

Ware: IVc amphora


Description: Conical/cylindrical neck; one band-handle, roughly oval in section

Colors: Ext. 7.5YR 7/2 pinkish gray and 7.5YR 7/8 reddish yellow

Int. 7.5YR 7/8 reddish yellow

Core 10R 5/6 red


Comments: Worn and damaged; position unsure

Confronti: None

Drawn: Yes

- 80 -

DRAWINGS

This section contains a selection of digitized drawings; one for each amphora type in the LAC. The

drawings have generally been made by myself, and have been digitized by GIA archaeological illustrators

S.E. Boersma and S. Tiebackx.

- 81 -

DRAWINGS OF REFERENCED LAC AMPHORAE

Tipo Py 5

Fig. 1: LAC/X54

Typo Py 4A

Fig. 2: LAC/15

- 82 -

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS IV (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Fig. 3: LAC/5

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS V (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Fig. 4: LAC/76

- 83 -

Greco-Italic/Tipo MGS VI (Greco-Italiche antiche)

Fig. 5: LAC/35

- 84 -

Pompeii 38

Fig. 6: LAC/26

Van der Werff 2

Fig. 7: LAC/39

- 85 -

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1A)

Fig. 8: LAC/2

- 86 -

Dressel 1/Dressel 1 (Tipo 1B)

Fig. 9: LAC/6

- 87 -

Dressel 1

Fig. 10: LAC/22

- 88 -

Type 3 Unknown rim ‘type A’

Fig. 11: LAC/Ct.971.01/01

Type 4 Unknown rim ‘type B’

Fig. 12: LAC/X26

- 89 -

Type 8 Unknown base ‘type B’

Fig. 13: LAC/Ct.971.01/04

Brindisian amphora

Fig. 14: LAC/X1

- 90 -

Dressel 2-4 Cos

Fig. 15: LAC/117750

- 91 -

Forlimpopoli

Fig. 16: LAC/11

Agora F65-66

Fig. 17: LAC/X3

- 92 -

Haltern 70

Fig. 18: LAC/13

- 93 -

Dressel 2-4 Italian

Fig. 19: LAC/117749

- 94 -

Rhodian Type

Fig. 20: LAC/74

Dressel 2-4 Catalan

Fig. 21: LAC/X56

- 95 -

Tripolitanian 1

Fig. 22: LAC/X29

- 96 -

Tripolitanian 2

Fig. 23: LAC/X4

Peacock & Williams 66

Fig. 24: LAC/65

- 97 -

Beltrán 2B

Fig. 25: LAC/61

Dressel 21-22

Fig. 26: LAC/50

- 98 -

Dressel 20

Fig. 27: LAC/Bol.820.02/01

Gauloise 4

Fig. 28: LAC/10

- 99 -

Beirut 3

Fig. 29: LAC/36

Leptiminius 1

Fig. 30: LAC/X35

- 100 -

Empoli

Fig. 31: LAC/23

- 101 -

Campanian almond-rim type

Fig. 32: LAC/TA.105.03/01

Africana 1 Piccolo

Fig. 33: LAC/X18

- 102 -

Africana 2A Grande

Fig. 34: LAC/9

Dressel 30 - Keay 1A

Fig. 35: LAC/Pol.213.01/01

- 103 -

Dressel 23

Fig. 36: LAC/27

Dressel 30 - Keay 1B

Fig. 37: LAC/28

- 104 -

Africana 3A

Fig. 38: LAC/69

Africana 3B

Fig. 39: LAC/TA.101.24/02

- 105 -

Keay 52

Fig. 40 : LAC/31

Africana 3C

Fig. 41: LAC/TA.101.24/01

Spatheion 1

Fig. 42: LAC/38

- 106 -

Keay 59

Fig. 43: LAC/73

Keay 62

Fig. 44: LAC/X57

- 107 -

Keay 55

Fig. 45: LAC/75

MISCELANNEOUS STAMPS

Fig. 46: LAC/X59

Fig. 47: LAC/Bol.820.04/01

Fig. 48: LAC/Bol.820.01/01

Entertainment & Humor

The Liboni Amphora Collection - Part 2