2. the use of words that supposedly mimic their meaning in
their sound
Onamatopoeia
Tinkle
Bang
screech
Boom
3. The repetition at close intervals of the initial consonant
sound of accented syllables or important words.
Sally sells seashells down by the sea shore
Little Lamb who made thee?
Tyger, Tyger burning bright
alliteration
4. The repetition at close intervals of the initial consonant
sound of accented syllables or important words.
Sally sells seashells down by the sea shore
Little Lamb who made thee?
Tyger, Tyger burning bright
alliteration
5. The repetition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of
accented syllables or important words
Inebriate of air am I
So your chimneys I sweep & in soot I sleep
assonance
6. The repetition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of
accented syllables or important words
Inebriate of air am I
So your chimneys I sweep & in soot I sleep
assonance
7. The repetition at close intervals of the final consonant
sounds of accented syllables or important words
gray headed beagles walked before with wands as white as snow
And so he was quiet and that very night
consonance
8. The repetition at close intervals of the final consonant
sounds of accented syllables or important words
gray headed beagles walked before with wands as white as snow
And so he was quiet and that very night
consonance
9. A smooth, pleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of
sounds
Romeo, Romeo. Wherefore art thou Romeo?
Long, smooth sounds: l, m, n, w, ohh, ahh, uuh, aii, etc.
euphony
10. A harsh, discordant, unpleasant-sounding choice and
arrangement of sounds.
Break, Break, Break, upon the solid rock
Abrasive and sharp sounds: t, p, d, k, b and short a, e, i,
etc.
cacophony
11. The repetition of the accented vowel sound and all
succeeding sounds in importantly positioned words
old/cold
vane/reign
court/report
Rhyme
12. A term used for words in a rhyming pattern that have some
kind of sound correspondence but are not perfect rhymes. AKA:
Slant rhyme
Near rhyme
Oblique rhyme
Example:
I saw her through the window pane
Her eyes were filled with hate
Approximate Rhyme
The vowel sounds are the same but since the consonants arent the
same its an approximate rhyme.
13.
End rhyme is probably the most frequently used and most
consciously sought sound repetition in English poetry. Because it
comes at the end of the line, it receives emphasis as a musical
effect and perhaps contributes more than any other musical resource
except rhythm to give poetry its musical structure. There exists,
however, a large body of poetry that does not employ rhyme and for
which rhyme would be inappropriate. Also, there has been a tendency
in modern poetry to substitute approximate rhymes for perfect
rhymes at the end of lines (Sound and Sense, p.902).
Rhyme Patterns
14. The first end sound of a poem is labeled a anytime that
sound is repeated at the end of a line that line is also labeled
a.
The next new sound of a poem is labeled b anytime that sound is
repeated at the end of a line, that line is also labeled b.
This process is repeated through the poem with each new sound being
given the next consecutive letter.
Identifying Patterns
15. and take my walking slow. ain what I cannot fear.bwhere I
have to go.aWhat is there to knowafrom ear to ear.band take my
walking slowawhich are you?aI shall walk softly therebwhere I have
to go.a
Identifying Patterns
with the grandeur of God.a
shining from shook foil;b
like the ooze of oilb
then now not reck his rod?a
have trod, have trod;a
bleared, smeared with toil.bshares mans smell: the soilbfoot feel,
being shod.anature is never spent;cfreshness deep down things;dthe
black West went.c
brink eastward, springsd
over the bentcwith ah! bright wings.d
16. Rhythm refers to any wavelike recurrence of motion of
sound. In speech it is the natural rise and fall of language.
Meter is the identifying characteristic of language that we can tap
our feet to. When verse is metrical, the accents of language are so
arranged as to occur at apparently equal intervals of time, and it
is this interval that we mark off with the tap of a foot.
Rhythm & Meter
17.
Traditionally English language poetry employs five basic
rhythms of varying stressed (/) and unstressed () syllables.
18. Iambic (/): a rhythm of an unstressed followed by a
stressed syllable.
19. Trochaic (/ ): a rhythm of a stressed followed by an
unstressed syllable.
20. Spondaic (//): a rhythm of repeating stressed
syllables.
21. Anapestic ( /): a rhythm of two unstressed syllables
followed by a stressed syllable.
22. Dactylic (/ ): a rhythm of a stressed syllable followed by
two unstressed syllables.
Rhythm
23. That time of year thou mayst in me behold
Tell me not in mournful numbers
Break, break, break, on thy cold gray stones
And the sound of a voice that is still
This is the forest primeval
Rhythm
24. That time of year thou mayst in me behold
Tell me not in mournful numbers
Break, break, break, on thy cold gray stones
And the sound of a voice that is still
This is the forest primeval
Rhythm
25. Meter indicates the number of rhythmic feet per line. (A
foot is the rhythm pattern)
Monometer one foot (/)
Dimeter two feet (/| /)
Trimeter three feet (/| /| /|)
Tetrameter four feet (/| /| /| /|)
Pentameter five feet (/| /| /| /| /|)
Hexameter six feet (/| /| /| /| /| /| )
Heptameter seven feet (/| /| /| /| /| /| /| )
Octameter eight feet (/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| )
Meter
26. But soft, what light through yonder window break?
I galloped, Dirk galloped, we galloped all three.Little Lamb who
made thee? Dost thou know who made thee?
When that April with her showers soothe
Rhythm & Meter: Practice
27. Contains no rhythmic or metrical pattern.
Only line arrangement separates it from prose.
Free Verse
28. A way to vary the rhythm of a line by inserting a
pause.
Grammatically with a punctuation mark.
Rhetorically through emphasis by the speaker.
Caesura
