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The African American Spiritual in the Kodaly Music Classroom:Connecting Mind, Body and SpiritPresented at the International Kodaly Symposium: Brisbane, Australia July 7, 2011
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CONNECTING MUSIC, MIND AND SPIRITCONNECTING MUSIC, MIND AND SPIRIT
THE AFRICAN AMERICAN SPIRITUAL IN THE AFRICAN AMERICAN SPIRITUAL IN THE KODÁLY MUSIC CLASSROOMTHE KODÁLY MUSIC CLASSROOM
Presented by Dr. Marilyn BrouettePresented by Dr. Marilyn Brouette St. Peter Martyr SchoolSt. Peter Martyr School
International Kodály SymposiumInternational Kodály Symposium Brisbane, AustraliaBrisbane, Australia
July 7, 2011July 7, 2011
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PURPOSE OF PRESENTATIONPURPOSE OF PRESENTATION
Demonstrate use of Spirituals asDemonstrate use of Spirituals as
Quality Primary Source Song MaterialQuality Primary Source Song Material
Effective Tool for Music LiteracyEffective Tool for Music Literacy
Adaptable to Kodály Pedagogical PrinciplesAdaptable to Kodály Pedagogical Principles
Conducive for Movement to Reinforce Core Music ConceptsConducive for Movement to Reinforce Core Music Concepts
Folk Music of the African American ChildFolk Music of the African American Child
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VOICE OF KODÁLYVOICE OF KODÁLY
“A deeper musical education can at all times develop only where singing forms its basis. Instruments are for the privileged few. Only the human voice – canaccessible to all, free of charge, yet the most beautiful of all instruments be the fertile soil of a musical culture extending to all.”
Eösze, L. (1987). Eösze, L. (1987). Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,19Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,19
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THE SPIRITUAL AS SONGTHE SPIRITUAL AS SONG
Cultivates Lyricism Connects with Emotional Heritage Enhances Neural Development Demonstrates Musical Expressiveness Integrates Performance Practice and
Literacy Fosters Creativity and Improvisation Delineates Musical Patterns and
Expressions Develops Skill in Pentatony
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KODÁLY ON MOVEMENTKODÁLY ON MOVEMENT
Zoltan Kodály
““Singing connected with movements and Singing connected with movements and action is a much more ancient, and, at the action is a much more ancient, and, at the same time, more complex phenomenon than same time, more complex phenomenon than is a simple song” (1951).is a simple song” (1951).
Bónis, F., editor (1974).Bónis, F., editor (1974). Selected Writings of Zoltán Selected Writings of Zoltán Kodály, 46Kodály, 46
THE SPIRITUAL AS DANCETHE SPIRITUAL AS DANCE
Expresses the Intent of the TextExpresses the Intent of the Text Embodies the Spirit of the MusicEmbodies the Spirit of the Music Demonstrates Key Music ConceptsDemonstrates Key Music Concepts
Internalizes the BeatInternalizes the Beat Differentiates RhythmsDifferentiates Rhythms
Creates CommunityCreates Community Articulates Kodaly PrinciplesArticulates Kodaly Principles
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KODÁLY and RHYTHMKODÁLY and RHYTHM
Zoltan Kodály
“The difficulties of rhythm and melody are so complicated that if we do not overcome them one by one, we will never be able to cope with them. First, one must be able to read rhythm...”
Koscar., Music Should Belong to Everyone, 25Koscar., Music Should Belong to Everyone, 25
WHY MOVE?WHY MOVE?
Creates Neural ConnectionsCreates Neural Connections Connects Music and MeaningConnects Music and Meaning Develops Rhythmic AwarenessDevelops Rhythmic Awareness
Differentiates Duration from BeatDifferentiates Duration from Beat Reinforces Melodic ConceptsReinforces Melodic Concepts
Distinguishes Form e.g. ABADistinguishes Form e.g. ABA Delineates PhrasesDelineates Phrases
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KODÁLY KODÁLY Connecting Music, Mind and Spirit Connecting Music, Mind and Spirit
Zoltan Kodály
““Music is the expressive tool of the human Music is the expressive tool of the human soul, which is equally accessible to soul, which is equally accessible to everyone...Music is nourishment and a everyone...Music is nourishment and a comforting elixir. Music multiplies the comforting elixir. Music multiplies the beauty of life and all its values” beauty of life and all its values”
Koscár, (2002). Koscár, (2002). Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone: Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone:
120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches , 57, 57
MOVEMENT AS A LITERACY TOOLMOVEMENT AS A LITERACY TOOL
How do we know how to move?How do we know how to move?
Analyze the music!Analyze the music!
Then, create movement that suggests Then, create movement that suggests the meaning of the text and reinforces the meaning of the text and reinforces at least, one core musical concept.at least, one core musical concept.
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WISDOM OF KODÁLYWISDOM OF KODÁLY
Zoltan Kodály
“A thorough knowledge of the material must precede everything, for anything else can be built only upon this knowledge. Any efforts to achieve aesthetic results which either precede or discard knowledge are equivalent to building castles in Spain.”
Eösze, L. (1987). Eösze, L. (1987). Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,18Documents,18
EVERYBODY UP…LET’S MOVEEVERYBODY UP…LET’S MOVE
Sing off my hand sign, please.Sing off my hand sign, please.
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Michael Row The Boat AshoreMichael Row The Boat Ashore
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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA
LTONE
SETRANGE DIFFICUL
TRHYTHM
MOVEMENT
CORECONCEPTS
Michael Row
Your Boat Ashore
d-r-m-s-l
Sixthd-l
Ti-Tam Beat and Duration
FIND A PARTNER WITH YOUR ELBOWFIND A PARTNER WITH YOUR ELBOW
Movement Reinforces Beat and DurationMovement Reinforces Beat and Duration Hold hands with your partnerHold hands with your partner
BEAT:BEAT:
Swing arms right, left, right, leftSwing arms right, left, right, left
DURATION:DURATION:
Swing arms right holdSwing arms right hold
Swing arms left holdSwing arms left hold
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Michael Row the Boat AshoreMichael Row the Boat AshoreVERSESVERSES
1. Michael Row the Boat ashore, Alleluia. Michael Row the Boat ashore. Alleluia.1. Michael Row the Boat ashore, Alleluia. Michael Row the Boat ashore. Alleluia.2. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia.2. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia.3. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. 3. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. 4. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Alleluia.4. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Alleluia.5. The river Jordan is deep and wide. Alleluia. The river Jordan is deep and wide. 5. The river Jordan is deep and wide. Alleluia. The river Jordan is deep and wide.
Alleluia.Alleluia.6. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia6. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia7. My Jesus stands on the other side. Alleluia. My Jesus stands on the other side. 7. My Jesus stands on the other side. Alleluia. My Jesus stands on the other side.
Alleluia.Alleluia.8. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia.8. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia.9. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia.9. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia.10. Michael Row the Boat Ashore. Alleluia. Hear the glory trumpet blow. Alleluia.10. Michael Row the Boat Ashore. Alleluia. Hear the glory trumpet blow. Alleluia.
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Elijah RockElijah Rock
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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA
LTONE
SETRANGE DIFFICUL
TRHYTHM
MOVEMENT
CORE CONCEPTS
Elijah Rock
s,-l-d-r-m-s-l
Ninths, - l
Syn-co-pa
Beat, form, phrase
EVERYONE HOLD HANDS IN A CIRCLEEVERYONE HOLD HANDS IN A CIRCLE
Movement Reinforces Beat and StressMovement Reinforces Beat and Stress Walk the beat in a circle, snap out on beat 1 and Walk the beat in a circle, snap out on beat 1 and
snap in on beat 3 on “Elijah rock…”snap in on beat 3 on “Elijah rock…”
Movement Emphasizes Melodic ChangesMovement Emphasizes Melodic Changes
Stop, hands over head, palms out on “Comin’ up Stop, hands over head, palms out on “Comin’ up LordLord
And Form:And Form:
Tap Beat on knees on “Satan’s a Liar…”Tap Beat on knees on “Satan’s a Liar…”
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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA
LTONE SET RANGE DIFFICUL
TRHYTHM
MOVEMENT
CORE CONCEPTS
Ezekiel Saw de Wheel
s-l-d-r-m
f and t
Seventhf-m
Ri-Tim
Tim-ri
Beat, form, phrase.
.
Make Circles of FourMake Circles of Four
Right hand to center in a pin wheelRight hand to center in a pin wheel Circle to the right eight beatsCircle to the right eight beats
Left hand to center in a pin wheelLeft hand to center in a pin wheel Circle to the left eight beatsCircle to the left eight beats
Palms outward touching neighborsPalms outward touching neighbors Circle to the right eight beats, then left eight beatsCircle to the right eight beats, then left eight beats Stop sway hold right and left, hands in air (repeat)Stop sway hold right and left, hands in air (repeat)
Hold hands, pull back and slide right eight Hold hands, pull back and slide right eight beats and left eight beatsbeats and left eight beats
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JESUS, BUDDY-0JESUS, BUDDY-0
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ANALYSISANALYSIS
SPIRITUAL
TONE SET
RANGE DIFFICULT
RHYTHM
MOVEMENT
Tell My Jesus Buddy, O
s-l-d-r-m
Sixths˛- m
Tam-ti
Ti-tam
Beat,Eighth Notes (Quaver)
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KODÁLY KODÁLY THE ESSENCE OF MUSIC THE ESSENCE OF MUSIC
Zoltan Kodály
““Music is the expressive tool of the human Music is the expressive tool of the human soul, which is equally accessible to soul, which is equally accessible to everyone...Music is nourishment and a everyone...Music is nourishment and a comforting elixir. Music multiplies the comforting elixir. Music multiplies the beauty of life and all its values” beauty of life and all its values”
Koscár, (2002). Koscár, (2002). Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone: Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone:
120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches , 57, 57
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CONNECTCONNECT
CCultivate Core Music Conceptsultivate Core Music Concepts OOriginate Movement to Support Literacyriginate Movement to Support Literacy NNurture Musicianship through urture Musicianship through KodályKodály NName Pedagogical Intentame Pedagogical Intent EExperience Cultural Literacy xperience Cultural Literacy CCreate Passionate Performance Practicereate Passionate Performance Practice TTransform Music Educationransform Music Education
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THE REVIEWTHE REVIEW
The OverviewThe Overview Spirituals connect mind, body and spiritSpirituals connect mind, body and spirit Spirituals articulate core music conceptsSpirituals articulate core music concepts Spirituals reflect the legacy of Spirituals reflect the legacy of KodályKodály
Thank you for your kind attention. Thank you for your kind attention.
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