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MUS103: Survey of Music History II Dr. Kathleen Bondurant, Ph.D. Pop and Rock Music

9 A. Pop And Rock Music

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Page 1: 9 A. Pop And Rock Music

MUS103: Survey of Music History II

Dr. Kathleen Bondurant, Ph.D.

Pop and Rock Music

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Pop Music

• The term “Popular Music” has most commonly been applied to music of, and since, the “Tin Pan Alley”, era; i.e. the 1880’s onwards in the USA and the early years of the 20th century in Europe.

• The essence of popular music is that it is readily comprehensible to a large portion of the public. “Pop” music pretty much represents the “flavor” of the year/decade.

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Pop Music

• Tin Pan AlleyCirca 1905: View of

buildings along 'Tin Pan Alley', the center of the music publishing industry at the turn of the century, 28th Street between 5th & 6th Avenues, New York City. The William Morris Agency occupies one of the storefronts. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

by Hulton Archive, Sunday January 1st, 1905--reference: 3230357

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Pop Music

• Over the years, popular music has been gospel, military music, ragtime, rhythm and blues, country, and rock and roll with variations and branches for each genre.

• American pop artists range from Stephen Foster, Scott Joplin, George Gershwin, Irving Berlin, Ray Charles, Whitney Houston, The Beach Boys, James Taylor, Bob Dylan and so on. . .

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Pop Music

The late 60s and 70s saw the re-emergence of folk-pop as artists like James Taylor became popular in what would be a wave of mostly un-political sensitive singer/songwriters.

http://z.about.com/d/folkmusic/1/H/b/6/JamesTaylor.jpg

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Rock• Rock and Roll first appeared at the end of

World War II around 1945, and ushered in a “dream era” following what had been years of anxiety

• Through the late 1940's and early 1950's, rhythm and blues music had been gaining a stronger beat and a wilder style, with artists such as Fats Domino and Johnny Otis speeding up the tempos and increasing the backbeat to great popularity on the juke-joint circuit. Despite the pioneering efforts of DJ Alan Freed and others, black music, or "race music", was still taboo on many white-owned radio outlets.

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Rock

http://www.doowopcenter.com/doo-wop/images/alan%20freed.jpg

American disc jockey and radio performer Alan Freed (1921 - 1965) who coined the term rock 'n' roll broadcasts the “Moon Dog Show” during a radio broadcast, 1950s.

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

• Artists and producers recognized the popularity and potential of rock and roll and raced to cash in with white versions of this black music. Black performers saw their songs recorded by white performers, an important step in the dissemination of the music, but often at the cost of feeling and authenticity.

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

http://www.tonis-records.de/images/Box_BH_TRBoRnR.jpg

THE REAL BIRTH OF ROCK ´N´ROLL 1946-1954 Bear Family Records

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

• Popularized cover versions of songs were not necessarily straightforward imitations. Bill Haley's wild cover of "Shake, Rattle and Roll" transformed Joe Turner's humorous and racy song into an energetic teen dance.

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

www.tonis-records.de/images/DVD_BillHaley.jpg

Bill Haley and The CometsROCK AROUND THE CLOCKRecording: 1968Sonet Karussell-Polygram

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

• Pat Boone recorded sanitized versions of Little Richard songs (Little Richard retaliated by getting wilder, creating in "Long Tall Sally", a song so intense that Boone couldn't find a way to cover it). Later, the original artists' recordings received radio play as well (this seldom resulted in any remuneration to the original artists).

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

http://i.rollingstone.com/assets/rs/2/1605/images/22660_lg.jpg

Pat Boone-Rolling Stone Magazine issue 205 (January 29, 1976)

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

Pat Boone Singer, actor, songwriter, lyricist, writer, broadcaster

• Born: Charles Eugene Boone on June 1, 1934, in Jacksonville, Florida, a descendent of early American frontiersman Daniel Boone.

• Boone appeared on the “Ted Mack Amateur Hour.” (The show was the “American Idol” for that generation; Mack also discovered Frank Sinatra and Gladys Knight.) Although on the brink of gigantic success, Boone did not give working toward his planned occupation of being a school teacher. He accepted a job singing at WBAP-TV, in Fort Worth, Texas, while attending North Texas State College in 1954.

• He signed an exclusive contract with Dot Records and enjoyed a huge hit with his debut recording, "Two Hearts, Two Kisses", on April 2, 1955. Then, after performing on “The Arthur Godfrey Talent Scouts Show” the host gave Boone an open invitation. Godfrey declared on air, “You don’t have to call or check with anybody—just show up, anytime!”

• Boone’s “Two Hearts, Two Kisses” hit preceded future 1950s recording stars. This release was just months before Fats Domino, Chuck Berry Little Richard or Elvis loomed large on the American landscape. Later that year he covered Fats Domino’s Rhythm & Blues song “Ain’t That A Shame,” and made it a gigantic hit, surpassing Domino’s numbers. This ultimately helped Domino, as Boone brought national media attention to music that previously might have been limited to the African American audience. Boone’s growing worldwide popularity spilled out to Little Richard when he covered “Tutti Frutti,” and “Long Tall Sally.”

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

• Boone established himself as the second most important force of the early rock ‘n’ roll era, just behind Elvis Presley. Boone, who was instrumental in popularizing rock ‘n’ roll, appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine with the headline: “The Great White Buck.”

• Prior to graduating from Columbia University, Pat had already appeared for over a year on the Arthur Godfrey Show and became the youngest performer awarded his own weekly musical variety show on ABC. At the box office, he had a string of successful motion pictures. He starred with legendary motion picture talents as James Mason, Shirley Jones, Ann-Margret, Debbie Reynolds, Tony Curtis, and Bobby Darin.

• In real life his Los Angeles neighbor was heavy metal singer Ozzy Osbourne and his family; this might have inspired Boone’s foray into recording In A Metal Mood.

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Rock and Roll (Cont.)

• In the early '60s at Vee-Jay Records, Rock 'n' Roll legend Little Richard energetically and electrically revisited a number of his classic ‘50s hits and introduced many new songs that plugged into the burgeoning soul and Big Beat scenes of the day. Amongst the accompanying musicians were a young Jimi Hendrix, Don 'Sugarcane' Harris and (reportedly) Billy Preston and Don Covay.

http://www.unionsquaremusic.co.uk/covers/large/METRCD184.jpg

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The Music of North America:The USA

Text Sources:Sadie, Stanley, ed. “Popular Music”, New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Vol. 15. Macmillan Publishers, Ltd. 1980. P.87-120http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canadian_folk_musichttp://folkmusic.about.com/od/historyoffolk/a/Folk_History.htmwww.gospelcity.com/industry/articles/15 http://www.hollywoodwalkoffamestardust.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=26&products_id=31