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Chapter Three Summary Francis ______himself to walk through the town he grew up in - he fears ________. He visits the building where Nicole lived as a child. In a flashback, he recalls discussing Nicole with a _______from his hometown, during his time at war. We learn that he joined the army at ___, ____ about his age. Back in the_______, Francis is told that Nicole’s family left the area some time before. Back in his_____, Francis talks with Mrs. Belander who feels sorry for his injuries. Francis goes to bed and _______of his war time experiences describing them in graphic detail. His description of the time of losing his face is particularly stark and____. Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1) I must generally refer to relevant aspects of Heroes I should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationships I could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements; Copy this in to your books 15 Lodgings Recognition soldier dreams lying disguises brutal present 23 rd January 2012

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Chapter Three SummaryFrancis ______himself to walk through the town he grew up in - he fears ________. He visits the building where Nicole lived as a child. In a flashback, he recalls discussing Nicole with a _______from his hometown, during his time at war. We learn that he joined the army at ___, ____ about his age. Back in the_______, Francis is told that Nicole’s family left the area some time before. Back in his_____, Francis talks with Mrs. Belander who feels sorry for his injuries. Francis goes to bed and _______of his war time experiences describing them in graphic detail. His description of the time of losing his face is particularly stark and____.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

Copy this in to your books

15 Lodgings Recognition soldier dreams lying disguises brutal present

23rd January 2012

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Lesson Objectives

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of Heroes

I should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationships

I could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“I feel like a spy in disguise as I walk the streets of Frenchtown.”

• This is a simile

What is the effect?The effect of this simile is …

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“The Great Gatsby which I’d heard was a great novel… We drank vin rouge like the heroes in a Hemingway novel.”

• Francis refers to classic American Literature• This is the first mention of his interest in

reading and writing

What does it suggest?The reference to classic American Literature suggests …Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“All kinds of rumours about her Francis. She began to stay at home… She was like… a hermit.”• Adds to the mystery of Nicole Renard

What does this show?The mystery around Nicole Renard shows …

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Francis explains that he joined the army at fifteen.

• This makes the reader ask lots of questions. Answer these– Why did he enlist?He might have enlisted to ….– Why wasn’t he missed?He wasn’t missed because …– How did he feel about this?He felt ….

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“I can keep going on a minimum of food because I lost my appetite somewhere in France and eat now only to sustain myself for a while.”

What does it suggest? Sustaining himself suggests…What doesn’t it reveal?This quote doesn’t reveal…

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Francis dreams about the war in France

• This suggests Cormier’s attitude to war and what is expected of soldiers.

• What is contrasted here?This quote contrasts….

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“Not like the war movies at the Plymouth, nobody displaying heroics or bravado”

• Francis repeats the idea that he wasn’t heroic or brave

Why does he do this?Francis explains that war isn’t heroic because…

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“I explode into wakefulness… my bursts of gunfire killed the soldiers quickly, no exploding head, no body cut in two… I saw how young they were, boys with apple cheeks, too young to shave. Like me.”

• Francis explains that his dream is more graphic than reality

Who does Francis create a link with here?Francis creates a link here between himself and …Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“The next day, the grenade blows my face away.”

• We finally find out what happened to Francis, however he never tells us this part of the story – we only find out from others later on.

• Structurally, how is this dramatic?This sentence is structurally dramatic because it is a …Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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“Ignore it all, I tell myself, and count your blessings.”

• Francis is being ironic

• What does this quote tell us about Francis?This quote tells us that Francis …

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Chapter Three – after the war/ flashback

1. Remaining anonymous is still very important to Francis; he lies to his landlady about his name to keep his identity hidden.

2. He recalls a conversation he had with an army comrade about Nicole.

3. The horrors Francis endured in the war are revealed through a description of one of his nightmares.

4. Memories of Nicole are still fresh in Francis’ mind as he visits the place where she used to live.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

24th January 2012

1. Memories of Nicole are still fresh in Francis’ mind as he visits the place where she used to live.

2. He recalls a conversation he had with an army comrade about Nicole.

3. Remaining anonymous is still very important to Francis; he lies to his landlady about his name to keep his identity hidden.

4. The horrors Francis endured in the war are revealed through a description of one of his nightmares.

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Lesson Objectives

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of Heroes

I should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationships

I could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Why is this chapter important?

A We have further evidence of how important Nicole is to Francis.B We find out that Francis joined the army even though he was too young to do so.C We learn more about his direct involvement in the horrors of war.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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The Importance of NicoleThe image of Nicole is there in the background in everything that Francis does. He cannot escape from her influence. He is drawn to her old house even though he knows she isn’t there. She represents moments in his life which he can never recapture.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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The Importance of NicoleDuring the war in France he met an old friend from home, Norman Rocheleau, and they talked about Nicole. We discover that she was indeed Francis’ girlfriend, that something unexplained happened which changed her behaviour and that her family left town suddenly, without warning. This adds to the air of mystery surrounding both her and Francis.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

Checkpoint 3

What methods does Cormier use to build up suspense around the character of Nicole?

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Examiner’s tip: writing about the shadow of war

In a nightmare Francis re-lives the occasion when he and his platoon arrived in an abandoned village in France. This illustrates the fear and suffering of young soldiers during the Second World War. His comment, ‘not like the war movies at the Plymouth, nobody displaying heroics or bravado’ (p.23) suggests that Cormier wants to emphasise the horror that Francis had to confront. He came face to face with two German soldiers and shot them both, one of them crying ‘Mama’ as he fell to the ground. The vision haunts Francis. The following day he receives his own terrible injury, which he refers to in an unemotional way.

The chapter concludes with Francis’ words to himself, ‘maybe this will be the day that Larry LaSalle will appear on the streets of Frenchtown and you will be able to carry out that mission’ (p.25). The word ‘mission’ is used by the military – you could use this as evidence of how army life has influenced Francis. It is clear that this mission is his consuming motivation. He killed in the war; now he is ready to kill in peacetime.

Question

Why do you think Francis is so ready to kill again when it has affected him so much he now has nightmares?

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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How does Cormier use imagery to convey the horror of the nightmare?

The image The effect created on the reader

“not like war movies or the Plymouth, nobody displaying heroics or bravado”

Cormier dispels the myths and romantic notions of some war stories/movies, making the reader aware of the harsh reality of war.

“Eddie Richards (is) clutching his stomach because he has had diarrhoea for three days, carrying the stink with him” “two German soldiers appear in white uniforms like grim ghosts”“the head of one of the soldiers explodes like a ripe tomato”“the other cries Mama as my gunfire cuts him in half, both halves of him tumbling to the ground”

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Horrific imagery

Write a paragraph explaining how Cormier uses imagery to create certain effects in chapter 3.Sentence starters…Cormier uses images very effectively in chapter three. Firstly, the phrase…creates the effect of…The image…is also very powerful because it creates…The line…makes the reader feel…

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Peer assess paragraphs

• Two ticks and a wish?

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Look back at your title for today

Circle the correct label for the structure –

after the war or flashback?

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Questions for Discussion1 Find the sentence ‘I stare at the final proof that Nicole has gone away’ (page 14). How does the writer move from one time period to another here?

2 In the page following this, what is suggested about Nicole, and how she changed after Francis left?

3 In the section beginning ‘I can never trace the moment …’ (page 18), how does the writer move from one time period to another?

4 In the section beginning ‘I don’t want to think about them’ (page 18), in what ways is it suggested that the soldiers are not heroes? How is it suggested that war is brutal and nasty rather than heroic?

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Key Quote

Francis: ‘The next day, the grenade blows my face away’ (p.24).

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;

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Plenary

Which theme do you think the novel is mostly about so far:Heroism?Guilt?Loneliness?Answer in a full paragraph.

Can I critically respond to the text, ‘Heroes’? (AO1)I must generally refer to relevant aspects of HeroesI should discuss thoroughly and increasingly thoughtfully characters/relationshipsI could consider and suggest experimental ideas and judgements;