Wireless Rash Driving Detection

Wireless Rash Driving Detection

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Introduction


To detect rash driving on highways and to alert the traffic authorities wirelessly the speed details and any speed violation. Accidents due to rash driving on highways are on the rise and people are losing their lives because of others mistakes. In the present system, to detect rash driving the police has to use a handheld radar gun and then aim at the vehicle to record its speed.

If the speed of the vehicle exceeds the speed limit, nearest police station is informed to stop the speeding vehicle. This is an ineffective process as after detecting one has to inform the same and a lot of time is wasted.

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Block Diagram Of Transmitter







Block Diagram Of Receiver







Hardware Requirements• Transformer

• Diodes• Capacitors• Resistors• LEDs• IR• photodiode• Transistor• LCD• Buzzer• Relay• Lamp• 8051 series Microcontroller• 2.4GHz Tx/Rx pair







Power Supply







Description Of Power Supply The circuit uses standard power supply comprising of a step-down

transformer from 230v to 12v and 4 diodes forming a Bridge Rectifier that delivers pulsating dc which is then filtered by an electrolytic capacitor of about 470microf to 100microF.

The filtered dc being un regulated IC LM7805 is used to get 5v constant at its pin no 3 irrespective of input dc varying from 9v to 14v.

The regulated 5volts dc is further filtered by a small electrolytic capacitor of 10 micro f for any noise so generated by the circuit.

One LED is connected of this 5v point in series with a resistor of 330ohms to the ground i.e. negative voltage to indicate 5v power supply availability.







Internal Structure Of a Microcontroller - AT89S52/51







Photo Diode A photodiode is a type of photo detector capable of

converting light into either current or voltage, depending upon the mode of operation.

Photodiodes are similar to regular semiconductor diodes except that they may be either exposed (to detect vacuum UV or X-rays) or packaged with a window or optical fibre connection to allow light to reach the sensitive part of the device.







Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays.

This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line

by 2 lines, respectively.

The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which refers to the controller chip which receives data from an external source (and communicates directly with the LCD.







LCD Background If an 8-bit data bus is used the LCD will require 11 data lines (3 control lines

plus the 8 lines for the data bus).

The three control lines are referred to as EN, RS, and RW.

EN=Enable (used to tell the LCD that you are sending it data).

RS=Register Select (When RS is low (0), data is treated as a command).

(When RS is High(1), data being sent is text data ).

R/W=Read/Write (When RW is low (0), the data written to the LCD).

(When RW is High(1), the data reading to the LCD).







Light Emitting Diode (LED) LEDs are semiconductor devices are made out of silicon.

When current passes through the LED, it emits photons as a by product.

Normal light bulbs produce light by heating a metal filament until its white hot.

LEDs present many advantages over traditional light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved robustness, smaller size and faster switching






Wireless Rash Driving Detection Buzzer

Piezo Buzzer:

• This buzzer is an piezo type audio signalling device, which has a piezo element and a oscillating circuit inside which oscillates the piezo brass base plate, which when given voltage difference produces sound of a predefined frequency.

Features:

• These high reliability piezo buzzers are applicable to general electronics equipment. Compact, pin terminal type Piezo buzzer with 4 KHz output.

• Pin type terminal construction enables direct mounting onto printed circuit boards.







Working Principle IR sensors to detect the presence of a vehicle.

A set point consists of a pair of sensors comprising of an IR transmitter and an IR receiver, each of which are installed on either sides of the road.

Whenever IR rays are interrupted by a vehicle during first sensor the count up timer is started.

When the other IR sensor senses the presence of vehicle, the count up timer is stopped.

The speed limit set by the device is kept at the very location depending upon the traffic.







Working Principle

The time taken by the vehicle to travel from one set point to the other is calculated by a microcontroller program.

Based on that time it then calculates the speed.

The Seven segment display is used to display the speed of the vehicle.

If the vehicle crosses the speed limit, a buzzer sounds alerting the police both at the location and wirelessly at the control room.

The microcontroller is used to monitor the all control operations needed.

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Advantage:

They reduce the risk of accidents.

It is easy to implement.

It reduces the effort of many men.







Disadvantages:

Sometimes the circuit got failure and causes various problems







Applications

It uses in highways to avert accidents.

It alert traffic authorities about the speed of vehicle.







Conclusion

The speed checker for highways‖is an emerging field and there is a huge scope for research and development. Wireless Rash Driving Detection can be further advanced by using a CCTV camera in the circuit. Whenever any vehicle crosses speed limit, camera captures the image of number plate and through transport database finds the address of the owner and sends fine.

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Engineering

Wireless Rash Driving Detection