Types of Yarns and Spinning

For TP-1By Engr. Rana Ali

Haider

Types of yarnsStaple fiber yarn

Filament yarn

0 Short staple Spinning0 Open end yarn, 0 Ring spun yarn.

0 Long Staple Spinning0 Woolen and

Worsted yarns

0 Single filament0 Multifilament

Yarn types

Yarns are classed based on fiber length and method of processing

Principle of Rotor Spinning0 Sliver is fed into the machine and

combed and individualized by the opening roller.

0 The fibers are then deposited into the rotor where air current and centrifugal force deposits them along the groove of the rotor where they are evenly distributed.

0 The fibers are twisted together by the spinning action of the rotor, and the yarn is continuously drawn from the centre of the rotor.

0 The resultant yarn is wound onto packages.

Advantages of Rotor Spinning

0 The production rates of rotor spinning is 5-7 times higher than that of ring spinning and as the machines are fed directly by sliver and yarn is wound onto packages ready for use in fabric formation the yarn is a lot cheaper to produce.

0 Rotor spun yarns are more even, somewhat weaker and has a harsher feel than ring spun yarns.

0 Rotor yarns are used in numerous products such as denim, towels, blankets socks, t-shirts, shirts and pants.

Principle of Rotor Spinning

Ring Spinning0 Ring spinning is the process of further

drawing out roving to the final count needed, inserting twist to the fibers by means of a rotating spindle and winding the yarn on a bobbin.

0 These three stages take place simultaneously and continuously.

0 Ring spinning is a comparatively expensive process because of its slower production speeds and the additional processes required for producing ring spun yarns.

Ring Spinning

Filament formation0 A spinning process produces the

fiber by passing the thick liquid through a spinneret.

0 A spinneret is a device with hundreds of holes of a specified diameter.

0 The liquid is forced through the spinneret holes and comes out a string liquid filament.

0 The hole in the spinneret determines the diameter of the filament, which is set by the application.

Filament formation

0 The extrusion is dried to a continuous filament fiber.

0 A twisting process twists the filament fiber into a yarn.

0 The filament falls vertically from the spinneret and is caught in a large vacuum nozzle.

0 The vacuum force keeps tension on the line as it is wound around a bobbin.

References

0 http://www.thecottoncompany.com/news/yarn_formation.html

0 http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/materials_chemicals_adhesives/composites_textiles_reinforcements/synthetic_fibers_fabrics_polymer_textiles

0 http://textechdip.wordpress.com/contents/yarn-spinning/