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DESCRIPTION OF 132KV SUBSTATION, KHURRAM NAGAR
The 132KV power substation has the capacity-(80MVA). It receives three 132kv lines from N.KN, Chinhut and kursi road . 2. It steps down this supply to 33kv. 33kv line gives supply to Nirala nagar,Mahanagar,eng. College,Kalyanpur and to other 9 places.
TRANSFORMERSAlso known as the heart of substations. These are used to reduce the voltages at appropriate levels
CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERSIt is a used in power systems to step downextra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay
WAVETRAPTraps the high frequency signals
ISOLATORSUsed for maintenance of
the circuit in no load condition
CIRCUIT BREAKER used to protect the
eqiupment by opening the circuit for over
current and over voltages
LIGHTINING ARRESTER
Used for protecting the equipment from surge
voltages
MAIN EQUIPMENTS AT KHURRAM NAGAR SUBSTATION 132KV
TRANSFORMERS
POWER TRANSFORMERS Transformer is a static machine, which transforms the potential of alternating current at same frequency. It means the transformer transforms the low voltage into high voltage & high voltage to low voltage at same frequency. It works on the principle of mutual inductance.They are of two type step up and step down .In substation there were 2 step down transformer of 1- 40MVA2-EMCO company3-ONAF(Oil Natural Forced Cooling)4-Rated line current -175/700 amp.
CURRENT TRANSFORMERIt is a device use to measure current. In substation C.T was of 1-BHEL company2-Turn ratio- 400:13-Rated primary current 800 amp
C.V.TIt is a device use to measure voltage or potential .In sub station there was C.V.T of1-BHEL company2-Primary voltage 76kv
CIRCUIT BREAKER
A circuit breaker is a device which is used to
protect the electric circuit from over current
or short circuit current . These circuit breaker
breaks for a fault which can damage other
instrument in the station. It is so designed that
it can be operated manually (or by remote
control) under normal conditions and
automatically under fault condition.
Whenever a fault occurs trip coil gets
energized, the moving contacts are pulled by
some mechanism & therefore the circuit is
opened or circuit breaks.
Sulpar hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6) Sulphar hexa fluoride (SF6) gas is used as the arc quenching medium . The SF6 is an electronegative gas and has a strong tendency to absorb free electrons. Circuit breakers have been developed for voltage 115KV to 230KV , power rating10 MVA
Vacuum circuit breakers Vacuum circuit breakers are circuit breakers which are used to protect medium and high voltage circuits from dangerous electrical situations.The pressure which is maintained is 6-10 bar
Air-blast circuit breakerFast operations ,suitability for repeated operation , auto reclosure , unit type multi break constructions ,simple assembly , modest maintenance are some of the main features of air blast circuit breakers. A compressors plant necessary to maintain high air pressure in the air receiver.
Oil circuit breakerA high-voltage circuit breaker in which the arc is drawn in oil to dissipate the heat and extinguish the arc; the intense heat of the arc decomposes the oil .
DIFFERENT CIRCUIT BREAKERS
ELECTRICAL INSULATOR
• PORCELAIN INSULATOR• They are basically aluminum silicate
mixed with feldspar• They are widely and most commonly
used insulator
• GLASS INSULATOR • It is made up of annealed tough glass• ADVANTAGES-• High dielectric strength• High resistivity• Transparent thus not heated in
sunlight• DISADVANTAGES• Easy condensation of moisture thus
provide a path for leakage current
MISC. EQUIPMENTS
• CAPACITOR BANK• It is used to improve the power
factor at the load side.
• RELAY• It is a sensing device which sense
electrical quantity such as current,voltage,etc and activates when they goes above prescribed limit(peak value).
• DIFFERENT RELAYS which were used in substation are-
1-Differential relay2-overcurrent relay 3-Directional relay