Sustainable Urban Planning KKKA6414

European Best Practices

Lecturer: Dr. RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH Dr. MUHAMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN

Group Member:

1. ARY SHEHAB JAMIL P81496 2. HUSSEIN ALI ABDULLAH P81516 3. AHMED HASAN ALI P81517

National University of MalaysiaFaculty of Engineering and Built Environmental

Contents Introduction Sustainable Urban Development Barcelona’s Public transport Recycling Household Waste Collection In Barcelona Barcelona urban design Tourist Attractions Barcelona Green Energy In Barcelona Water Supply In Barcelona

Introduction

Barcelona is the capital of the autonomous community of Catalonia of Spain and the second-largest city in Spain. Barcelona has an estimated population of 1.63 million in 2014.

Barcelona is located on the northeast coast of the Iberian Peninsula, facing the Mediterranean Sea.

fig 1 :Barcelona Map

Barcelona is now widely recognized as one of the most successful cities in the world, internationally acclaimed for its innovative urban planning. It has survived the economic, environmental and social changes of the last decades through focusing upon the provision of knowledge-based and information services to place itself in the forefront of a new urban wave, in which city planning provides high-quality opportunities for people to live and work. In short, Barcelona has been transformed into a city that provides a highly impressive urban environment to all who visit it.

The foundation for Barcelona's transformation has been the city's example district, a garden city expansion of 520 street blocks planned as long ago as 1859. Its high quality architecture, and ease of access have stood the test of time and it provides the model for modern city developments today.

Sustainable Urban Development

Fig 2: Key Principles of Sustainable Development

Table 2: Accumulated Erbil Automobile

Comparison between various Practices

Barcelona is a huge city, but the modern and very extensive public transport system allows you to get anywhere within the city in no time. Metro, buses and trams run very frequently until late at night. Apart from that, there are several cable cars, funiculars, railways, sightseeing buses, taxis, local trains, night buses and other transport systems.

The Barcelona metro has eight lines (five conventional lines and three automated lines) and also incorporates the Montjuïc funicular. Altogether, there are 141 stations and over 134 trains operating in the rush hour.

Public transport

Fig 3: Metro Network

Barcelona Bus Network

With a fleet of over a thousand vehicles, all of which are wheelchair adapted, and more than 100 lines, the bus network covers over 900 km between Barcelona and the ten cities in the metropolitan area.

Barcelona has an extensive municipal service for the daily collection of household and commercial waste to provide waste collection to citizens and ensure a clean and healthy public space.

This service is carried out through street containers, door to door bags collection service, pneumatic collection boxes and bins for collection in shops. Waste which cannot be placed in conventional containers is delivered to Green Dots. Citizens also have special services regarding waste collection, such as old furniture and clothes, dead animals, debris bags gardening waste, fibrocement or asbestos.  

Taking part in the recycling waste collection is the first step in dividing household waste and a civic gesture which contributes to preserving the environment. Waste can be reused by recycling it, so it can become a resource and provide environmental and social benefits for everyone.

Recycling Household Waste Collection

In the context of public awareness campaigns, the City Council is promoting actions and tools to accompany the citizens in improving household waste collection through educational activities and training which are addressed at the public and groups from the city. Because the one who cleans can be as clean as the one who doesn't get things dirty.

Recycling collection service by containers:Barcelona operation for a recycling collection including four different types. There are containers for each one of them located citywide in order to make waste management easier: tins, glass, paper and cardboard, organic and remains. All citizens have recycling collection containers located less than 100 meters from their home.

Yellow containers for cans and cartonsElements which can be thrown: plastic containers (water bottles, plastic bags, yogurt containers, etc.), beverage and food cans, cartons, plates and metal lids, aluminum foil and cling film, polystyrene trays, etc. Elements which cannot be thrown: toys, watering hoses, tubes, materials such as videotapes and CDs, as well as packaging’s from dangerous products (like solvent or paint).

Green containers for glassElements which can be thrown: glass containers and bottles. Elements which cannot be thrown: broken glasses, flat glass, mirrors, ceramic remains, dishes, light bulbs, fluorescent, etc.

Blue containers for paper and cardboardElements which can be thrown: packaging and cardboard boxes, newspapers, magazines, books without wire-o bound, envelopes, paper bags, sheets, wrapping paper, etc.

Grey containers for other wasteElements which cannot be thrown: tea bags, paper towels and paper towel stained with oil, leftovers (egg shells, shellfish, etc.), which should be thrown into brown containers. Wood remains, CDs, cartons with toxic materials or clothing should be delivered to Green Dots.

In the mid-1800s, Barcelona was a smaller, very dense area

surrounded by walls (Ciutat Vella). With rabid congestion, increased epidemics and a high mortality rate, it was time to create urban solutions for healthier, more livable conditions for the people City developers were looking to create the “Eixample” of Barcelona, which in Catalan, translates to “extension”.

ELEMENTS OF EIXAMPLE’S URBAN DESIGN EIXAMPLE IS 520 CITY BLOCKS OF PARALLEL AND

PERPENDICULAR LINES.

Barcelona urban design

Each city block has chamfered corners these quadrangular blocks with shaved-off corners serve a purpose. The 45º angle was determined by the degree that a steam tram was able to turn. It also eases fluidity of traffic as cars don’t need to slow down as much and allows a more comfortable turn for drivers.

The Building were supposed to be as tall as 16 meters in height as to not block the sun.

The Building were supposed to be as tall as 16 meters in height as to not block the sunlight for other buildings.

All the blocks are oriented northwest-southwest for maximum solar access.

Barcelona is the 10th-most-visited city in the world and the third

most visited in Europe after London and Paris, with 8 million tourists every year since 2012 and that is why you can find many tourist attractions places in Barcelona such as :

La Sagrada Familia church

Number 1 Barcelona Top Ten Tourist Attractions list is the fabulous unfinished church of La Sagrada Familia designed by Antoni Gaudi. Construction began in 1882 and continues to this day. The building is predicted to be completed within the next 30 years.

Tourist Attractions Barcelona

Picasso museumPablo Picasso, one of the most famous artists of the 20th Century, spent a few years of his youth in Barcelona. Relatively late in April 1963 the city of Barcelona opened the Picasso Museum. The museum is located in the quarter El Born.

Las Ramblas streetIn a city know for great public spaces, Las Ramblas could be the greatest of them all. With a variety of cafe’s, shops, and markets, tourists are presented with endless entertainment. There are a huge number of pedestrians and people-watchers, and enough street performers and artists to attract even the local Catalans. About 1.5 kilometers long, Las Ramblas are really a series of three pedestrian-oriented boulevards that link the city to the waterfront.

The street is lined with five-to-seven-story buildings, and the central walkway is, on average, 60 feet wide. The sidewalks are usually less than 10 feet wide, encouraging walking in the center. Pedestrians have precedence while cars are restricted to narrow lanes on either side of the promenade and must accommodate pedestrians at every intersection.

Artists, musicians, and magicians all flock to Las Ramblas to try and awe and amaze those passing by. People are constantly strolling up and down the promenade at any time of day to catch something new and interesting. This is truly a great public space and is full of life and community. The lesson here is to rethink how we prioritize cars and start accommodating the pedestrian. This is what creates community.

Fc Barcelona stadium and museumEven if you're not a football fan, Camp Nou is worth a visit to experience the pride Catalans have for the FC Barcelona team. Able to hold nearly 100,000 screaming fans, which can be quite intimidating for visiting teams, Camp Nou is the largest stadium in Europe. The on-site museum showcases trophies and awards the team has garnered through the years. Interesting and interactive displays invite visitors to learn a little more about the football culture and its impact on the city.  For example, Catalans rallied behind the motto "més que un club" (more than a club) during the oppressive Francisco Franco regime, from 1939 until the ruler’s death in 1975, and it became a symbol of striving for independence. 

Beach BarcelonetaApproximately 1,100 m long, together with the Sant Sebastià beach, Barceloneta is one of the biggest in Barcelona, and it is also one of the oldest and most traditional beach in the city. It is a favourite amongst our foreign visitors and it is commonly used by youth groups and for school activities. Due to its location and proximity to the metro and many bus lines, the majority of its users get to the beach by public transport.Its dimensions make it a suitable beach for leisure equipment, such as volleyball courts, a table soccer area on the Eastern side, in front of the Hospital del Mar; a children's play area on the Western side of the beach, beside the Gas breakwater, where there is also a gym area.

La Rambla Street La sadrada familia

Camp nou Picasso Museum

Green Energy In Barcelona

In 2007, Barcelona won the ManagEnergy Local Energy Action Award for their commitment to Sustainable Energy Solutions in Barcelona. The goals of Barcelona City Council's Plan for Energy Improvement in Barcelona (2002-2010) are to increase the use of renewable energy (especially solar energy), reduce the use of non-renewable energy sources and lower the emissions produced by energy consumption in order to meet Barcelona City Council's international protection commitments. This integrated plan includes a quantification of the energy used and emissions produced in the city and provide scope for municipal action to promote an environmentally sustainable city.

Water Supply Water in the Spanish Metropolitan Region of Barcelona is provided

by a variety of companies (public, semi-public and private). Local, supra-local and regional institutions are in charge of aspects such as sewers, flood control works and wastewater treatment facilities.

Part of the cost of these activities is financed by consumers through taxes included in the water bills. This makes Barcelona the most expensive city in Spain for water. Over the last 8 years, a significant social revolt has arisen in which some 80,000 families in the metropolitan area refuse to pay the taxes included in their water bills.

BARCELONA

Thank You…