1/10/2015

Sustainable Urban Planning KKKA6414

My Home Town SustainabilityErbil City , Kurdistan of Iraq

BY: ARY SHEHAB JAMIL ( P81496)Lecturer: Dr. RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH

Lecturer: Dr. MUHAMAD NAZRI

Contents Introduction Introduction Population GrowthPopulation Growth Air QualityAir Quality BiodiversityBiodiversity Waste and Recycling Waste and Recycling TransportTransport EducationEducation Health and Health CareHealth and Health Care Green SpaceGreen Space Climate ChangeClimate Change FoodFood Economic BaseEconomic Base EmploymentEmployment

Introduction

Erbil is believed to be one the oldest cities in the world for more than 6000 years. The city is the capital of Iraqi-Kurdistan region and lies about 350 kilometers north of Baghdad. Erbil, the historical city located in the North of Iraq, is passing through rapid urban and socio-political transformation following its growing autonomous status as the capital of the Iraqi-Kurdistan region since 2004.

Economic prosperity is the main factor and has allowed the city to accelerate its reconstruction ,development and a safer environment in comparison to other cities in Iraq.

Figure 1: Erbil City Master Plan

Population Growth

Table 1: Total Population of Erbil City

Population Graph (1980-2010)

Air Quality Erbil city is facing environmental problems such as

Wastewater treatment, Water supply, Land preservation, Air pollution, and Noise pollution, this is due to the huge increase of the numbers of vehicles, as well as the big increase of public generators which work in every edge of the city.

Table 2: Accumulated Erbil Automobile

The open oak forests of the Erbil mountains have largely disappeared, due to drought and exploitation for firewood. Juniper, wild pear, and hawthorn trees grow on the less elevated mountain slopes alongside small trees.

Birds are the most frequently seen form of wildlife.

Biodiversity

Waste and Recycling

The Governorate of Erbil is the largest and the most populated in the Iraqi-Kurdistan region.

Erbil’s solid waste management master plan has been developed by (UNICEF) with funding from the European Union. Recently a contract was signed by the Ministry of Municipalities & Tourism and a Canadian company to recycle the city's garbage which will involve the construction of two recycling plants in the eastern and western outskirts of Erbil.

Transport

Major Highways

Taxi & Buses

Erbil International Airport

Education

In Erbil City, there are one government university and four private universities and also there are 129 secondary schools.

There are 22 libraries in Erbil city.

Health and Health Care Health care in Erbil is largely supported by the government, and

while local services may not quite meet the standards of some thoroughly developed and established systems, care is readily available in all major cities and towns.

Medical exams and lab diagnostics are easily achieved and only require a small co-pay of a few thousand ID (usually not more than $5-10).

Table 3: List of Some of the Hospitals in Erbil City

Green Space Directorate of parks and gardens in Erbil began an expanded program

for the forestation of roads, schools and public places In order to increase the proportion of greenery in the city to the level of international standards, as confirmed by an official source at the Directorate.

Current ratio of the greenery city of Erbil is 12%, while International standards provided ratios are 15% or 30%. 

Climate Change During the summer period (May-September), the weather in Erbil

may be considered as a hot and dry weather , reaching temperatures as high as 45-50 degrees Celsius. It is slightly cooler in the evenings and in the mountainous regions around Erbil. The winter months can be cool with rain and some snowfall.

Figure 2: Average min and max temperatures in Erbil city

Food

Economic Base Erbil City has the largest economy in Iraq after Baghdad.

The core sectors of Erbil economies are: Petroleum Resources Business Agriculture Tourism

Employment Erbil City has filled with industrial area.

Spider Chart