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Run * on the JVMInterpreters on the JVM with
Graal and Truffle
Balazs Varga / @vbalazs
Agenda
● Compiled, interpreted applications and VMs● Interpreters under the hood● Interpreter on the JVM
○ Existing solutions○ Future
● Summary
Compiled, interpreted applications
Operating system
Libraries
Compiler
Operating system
Libraries
ExecutableMachine CodeC source code
Operating system
Libraries
InterpreterRuby source code(1.8) GC Libraries
compiled C source code (executable machine code)
Libraries
GC: Garbage Collector
Virtual Machines (runtimes)
Operating system
Libraries
Java compiler
Operating system
Libraries
ExecutableJVM bytecodeJava source code
Libraries
JVMbytecode
Java Runtime Env.
GC Libraries
Interpreters under the hood
1. Tokenize2. Parse3. AST
Ruby Tokens Abstract Syntax Treenodes C Machine
Languageinterpret
Abstract Syntax Treefunction sum(n) { var sum = 0; for (var i = 1; i < n; i++) { sum += i; } return sum; }
source: T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, A. Wöß, L. Stadler, G. Duboscq, C. Humer, G. Richards, D. Simon, M. Wolczko: One VM to Rule Them All. In Proceedings of Onward!, ACM Press, 2013.
Interpreter on the JVM
Ruby source code compiled to Java bytecode
Operating system
Libraries
JRuby interpreter
Java Runtime Env.
GC Libraries
Why?Existing solutions
The future is here: Truffle and Graal
Goal: Native support for interpreters
Requirements:● simplicity● generality● performance
System structure
source: Christian Wimmer and Chris Seaton speak at the JVM Language Summit, July 31, 2013.
Ruby
Javascript Python
R ...
Your language here
TruffleGraal
Language agnosticdynamic compiler Common API between
language implementation and optimization system
Substrate VM
Graal VM
Truffle
● Java framework for writing AST interpreters● node specialization with tree rewriting● define compiler optimizations, directives
○ assumptions
Graal
● 100% Java-based JIT framework○ JIT: Just In Time (compiler)
● dynamic compiler● directly control code generation● graph intermediate representation
Node rewrite - optimization
source: T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, A. Wöß, L. Stadler, G. Duboscq, C. Humer, G. Richards, D. Simon, M. Wolczko: One VM to Rule Them All. In Proceedings of Onward!, ACM Press, 2013.
Node rewrite - de- and reoptimization
source: T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, A. Wöß, L. Stadler, G. Duboscq, C. Humer, G. Richards, D. Simon, M. Wolczko: One VM to Rule Them All. In Proceedings of Onward!, ACM Press, 2013.
Bonus
“Write your own language!”
Before Truffle:● write a parser and an AST interpreter● create a runtime system (C/C++), GC● performance problems: bytecode, JIT, improve GC● ...???
Easy?
Summary
● Truffle, Graal (~ Java 9)○ “easy” to use AST interpreter framework○ high performance (compiled to machine code!)
● Bonus: “Write your own language!”● Contribute!
○ meetup.com: budapest.rb, budapest.js, …○ https://github.com/jruby/jruby○ http://openjdk.java.net/
Questions?