By

بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم

RADAR

APPLICATIONS

Nader Babo Dukhun

Sub: Microwave & Radar Eng.

Supervisor: Dr. Zohair Mohammed

Date: 14th – Oct - 2016

ا

University of Bahri

Engineering College

Electrical & Electronic

Eng.

(Comm.)

1

CONTENTS

Introduction

Applications of Radar

Military

Remote Sensing

Air Traffic Control

Law Enforcement and Highway Security

Aircraft Safety and Navigation

Ship Safety

Space

Other Applications

References

2

Introduction

Sometimes, when conditions are right, you can hear you own echo. If you shout

"Hello," the sound may bounce back at you from a large object. You then hear

your own voice coming back. Your returning voice is called an echo. Radar and

sonar are electronic devices that use the principle of an echo to detect and locate

objects.

Both radar and sonar locate objects from the echo of a signal that is bounced off

the object. Radar uses radio waves, which are a type of electromagnetic energy.

Sonar uses the echo principle by sending out sound waves underwater or

through the human body to locate objects. Sound waves are a type of acoustic

energy. Because of the different type of energy used in radar and sonar, each

has its own applications.

Radar

The word "Radar" was formed from the first letters of the term "Radio detection

and ranging." a radio wave is a type of electromagnetic radiation. (microwaves,

x-rays, and light waves are other types.) it is the fundamental part of this form

of technology. "Detection," as used here, means finding an object or target by

sending out a radio signal that will bounce back off the target as a radio echo.

"Ranging" means measuring the distance to the target from the radar set (the

device that sends out the radio signal and picks up the returning echo).

A true radar system uses radio waves. Another system, called optical radar or

lidar (from the first letters of the term "Light detection and ranging"), is based

on the same principle as radar but uses light waves.

A true radar system uses radio waves. Another system, called optical radar or

lidar (from the first letters of the term "Light detection and ranging"), is based

on the same principle as radar but uses light waves.

3

Applications of Radar

Radar has many various fields of application as it listed below

Military

Remote Sensing

Air Traffic Control

Law Enforcement and Highway Security

Aircraft Safety and Navigation

Ship Safety

Space

Other Applications

4

Military

Important part of air defence system,operation of offensive missiles & other

weapons

Target detection, target tracking & weapon control

Tracks the targets, directs the weapon to an intercept and assess the

effectiveness of engagement

Also used in area, ground & air surveillance.

5

Remote Sensing

Weather observation TV. Reporting

Planetary observation

Below ground probing

Mapping of sea ice

Air Traffic Control

Used to safely control air traffic in the vicinity of the airports and enroute

Ground vehicular traffic & aircraft taxing

Mapping of regions of rain in the vicinity of airports & weather

6

Law Enforcement & Highway Safety

Radar speed meters are used by police for enforcing speed limits

It is used for warning of pending collision, actuating air bag or warning of

obstruction or people behind a vehicle or in the side blind zone

7

Aircraft Safety & Navigation

Airborne weather avoidance radar outlines the regions of precipitation &

dangerous wind shear

Low flying military aircrafts rely on terrain avoidance & terrain following

radars to avoid collision with high terrain & obstructions

Ship Safety

Radar is found on ships & boats for collision avoidance & to observe navigation

buoys, when the visibility is poor

Shore based radars are used for surveillance of harbours & river traffic

8

Space

Space vehicles have used radar for clocking & for landing on the moon

Used for planetary exploration

Ground based radars are used for detection & tracking of satellites & other

space objects

Used for radio astronomy as shown in the figure below

Other Applications

It is used for non-contact measurement of speed & distance

Used for oil & gas exploration

Used to study movements of insects & birds

Ground Penetrating Radar Applications

Shallow GPR surveys

Locate pipes and utilities

Buried objects

Cemeterly & grave location

Deep gpr surveys

Landfill & trench delineation

Bedrock depth studies

Sink hole location

9

Hand-Held Radar Applications

Security & border surveillance system

Underground, through-wall & ocean imaging

Automotive safety, including collision-avoidance & intelligent cruise-control system

“smart” device such as lights, heaters & tools that automatically turn on or off

Medical diagnostics

References

http://www.slideshare.net/mathurrohitji/radar-application

http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/explorations/bats/libraryarticle.asp?Itemi

D=234&SubjectID=110&categoryID=3