ALFA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

ALLAGADDA

Technical Seminar Report on

UNMANNED AREIAL VEHICLEunder the guidance of Presented by

Mr.G.A.Sanjeeva Reddy, M.Tech G.Prasanth

Reddy

11E81A0447

1

(QUAD COPTER)

CONTENTS:

Introduction

What is Quad copter?

Basic Materials Required

Working Principle

Advantages

Disadvantages

Applications

Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are crafts capable of flight

without pilot.

• They can be controlled remotely by an operator or can be

controlled autonomously via pre-programmed flight paths.

• There are Unicopter,Dicopter,Tricopter,but due its effects

i.e,balance ,lift does not occur in correct position.

• So, the use of quad copter has come in.

WHAT IS QUAD COPTER????

• The name quad copter says it uses four propellers.

• So, quadcopter is a multicopter that is lifted and

propelled by four rotors.

WHY NOT AEROPLANES OR

HELICOPTERS…….

• Less design and complexity.

• Minimal space for take-off and landing.

• Quadrotors do not require trained person to operate.

• The use of four rotors allows each individual rotor to have

a smaller diameter than the equivalent helicopter rotor

OTHER REASONS…..• No need of pilot

• It doesn’t seem like a vehicle in air.

• Can move or fit in small areas also.

• Less sound.

BASIC MATERIALS REQUIRED

Brushless DC motors

Electronic Speed Controllers

Propellers

KK multi copter board

Power Distribution board

Brushless DC motors

• Actually, a dc motor means

when a dc supply is given to

coil placed between two

permanent magnets then

motor rotates

BLDC:

• BLDC is a hybrid motor

which involves of concepts

of both AC and DC motors.

Electronic speed

controllers:

Outlook of esc:

Propellers:

We are using two types of propeller Pushers and Pullers:

PUSHERS:

• Pushers give thrust when they are rotated in

clockwise direction.

PULLERS:

• Pullers give thrust when they are rotated in

anti-clockwise direction.

ACCELEROMETER SENSORS

AND GYRO SENSORS :

GYRO SENSORS:

Apart from accelerometer sensors it is also having Gyro

sensors which will sense even the smallest changes. It

senses motions which human eye is not capable of

capturing or noticing.

ACCELEROMETER SENSORS:

It’s electronic device used to sense acceleration forces

and tilt angles.

POWER DISTRIBITION BOARD:

• Supply equal power to all motors.

It’s LI-PO battery

KK multi copter board:

MICRO CONTROLLER:(ATMega168)

TRANSMITTER AND RECEVIER:

SOFTWARE:

HERE , the program is written to pitch, yaw, roll, lift etc. in

basic c language or any other basic languages and it is

simulated.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Quadcopter is a device with a intense mixture of Electronics, Mechanical and works on the principle of Aviation

The Quadcopter has 4 motors whose speed of rotation and the direction of rotation changes according to the users desire to move the device in a particular direction (i.e. Takeoff motion, Landing motion, Forward motion, Backward motion, Left motion, Right Motion. )

The rotation of Motors changes as per the transmitted signal send from the 6-Channel transmitter.

The program for which is written in the AT-MEGA 16 chip.

The signal from microcontroller goes to ESC’s which in

turn control the speed of motor.

WORKING PRINCIPLE – MOTOR ROTATION

Take off Motion

Landing Motion

Advantages Small-scale quad -copters have frames that enclose the

rotors ,with lower risk of damaging the vehicle or its

surroundings.

Small-scale UAV’s makes the vehicles safer for close

interaction.

Quadcopters can be operated by any person who is

just aware of remote .

We can fix cameras ,video takers etc.

disadvantages

The ambition is followed by complexity in

designing.

More weights cannot be handled

APPLICATIONS - Military

Quadcopter - Unmanned Arial Vehicle are used for:

surveillance and reconnaissance by military

law enforcement agencies

search and rescue missions in urban environments.

One such example,

In America a copter quietly hover in place and used

a camera to observe people and objects on the

ground. The company claims that the machine

played a key role in a drug bust in Central America

by providing visual surveillance of a Drug Traffickers

compound deep in the jungle.

Applications –

Commercial

The Amazon have started to send the required

parcels using quadcopters

One such example was Zee Cine Awards held in 2013 used Quadcopter for shooting the award

function for better viewing from the top.

Agricultural surveillance

Conclusion:

The quad copter is now able to take off and reach a

steady state height,but occasionally some corrections are

needed to keep the quad copter on spot.

For improvement functions of quadcopter

can be added some another sensors like a camera or altimeter.

One of the many advantages of the quadrocopter is ability to

fly on places where man cannot reach.

The Amazon online company is ready to

implement for distribution of goods with quadcopter,it saves

time.

Researches are been going to develop it …….

THANK YOU