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PERMANENT WAY + TRACK FOUNDATION RAILWAY TRACK

PLAIN TRACK

PLAIN TRACK

POINTS & CROSSINGSTo Guide The Vehicle For Directional Change

SWITCH EXPANSION JOINT(SEJ)Switch expansion joints (SEJ) are provided at the ends of long welded rails to allow for the cumulative thermal expansion movements of the ends of the rails

MODIFIED SEJ

RAILSTRACK STRUCTURESLEEPERSBALLASTFASTENINGSPERMANENT WAY

TRACK FOUNDATION & PERMANENT WAY DIAGRAM

The "track bed" is the layers of ballast and sub-ballast above a prepared subgrade/formation (see diagram). It is designed primarily to reduce the stress on the subgrade.

The trackbed can significantly influence the performance of the track, especially ride quality of passenger service

GAUGEThe perpendicular distance between the inner faces of heads of the two rails forming the track is known as the Gauge.

Broad Gauge-1676 MMMeter Gauge-1000 MMNarrow Gauge- 762 MM OR 610 MM

Broad gauge is known as Indian standard gauge.The WORLD standard gauge is 1483MM.

RAILSRails are continuous girders which carry the axle load.Functions:-Provides Hard and smooth surface for the wheels of a train to roll onBears lateral stress and vertical loads due to breaking and thermal stresses.Transmit load to the formation through sleepers and ballast.

Types of Rails-Double headed railsBull headed rails &Flat footed rail or Vignoles rails(Invented by CHARLETS VIGNOLES)

95% of the railway track in the world laid with this form of rails.Classification According to Size:1.60KG Rails2.52KG Rails3.90R

FLAT FOOTED RAIL & BULL- HEADED RAIL

DOUBLE HEADED RAIL

Manufacture of Rails:-Most commonly used alloy steels are:1.Medium manganese steel2.High Manganese steel3.Chromium SteelStandard Lengths of Rails are:12.8 M for B.G11.89 M for M.G

SLEEPERS:Sleepers are transverse ties in a Railway Track

Functions:To support the rails firmly and evenlyTo maintain gauge correctlyTo transfer the load from rails to ballast To maintain alignment of the track

Types of Sleepers: Timber or Wooden sleepersSteel SleepersCast Iron SleepersR.C.C Sleepers

Classification according to the size:60 Kg 2.74 m x 25 cm x 13 cm on BG52 Kg

BALLASTBroken stone or any other suitable material placed below and around the sleepers.Functions: Provides Provides Hard and level bed for the sleepers to rest on Provides to hold sleepers in position Provides Elasticity to the trackTo drain away the rain water and prevent its percolation into the formation

FORMATIONDistribute the load of traffic from the sleepers to the formation withoutProgressive settlementPermit drainage of the trackPrevent lateral movement of the trackPrevent longitudinal movement of the track, andAfford a convenient medium for packing the track to cross level and

Rail fastenings:Fish Plates and Fish BoltsSpikes and hook BoltsChairs and keysBearing PlatesFunctions:Distribute the load coming on rails to the sleepers over a large area.To hold Rails to the sleepers firmly