INTERNSHIP REPORTPAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION

COMPANY LIMITED

Internship Period: 7August -18September

Prepared by:

Iqra Sundip Yasin 1450-213001

Msc Electronics

PRESTON UNIVERSITY

ISLAMABAD

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Table of Content

PrefaceAcknowledgment

Overview of Organization

Introduction

History

Main Office

Products

Switching Technology

Services of PTCL

Services for customers

Value add services

My Internship Work

Introduction of office

Supervisor’s name and job title

Exchange overview

Description of my task

Recommendation

Conclusion

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PREFACE

In fact, for the students of Msc Electronics. The internship is a

golden chance to develop and ensharp the capability and skill of

administration and management in the practical environment of

different organizations. In the context, I select the PTCL

(PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED).

My reasons for doing the internship program in PTCL is to get first

hand knowledge about switching unit, because PTCL is the best

organization indeed. I tried to remain to the point, in writing the

report. Brief history, management, organizational structure of

PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED. I

have tried my best to learn a lot about switching. I have made all

possible efforts to summaries the broad history and working of the

organization. The information contained in the report is based on my

personal observation, practical working. In the end, I would like to

mention a quote.

Harry golden said, “That the only thing that overcome the hard luck

is hard work”

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Acknowledgment

First of all I thank to Allah (Subhanahu WA Ta'ala) for

having enabled me to complete my report that would not

have been possible for me to accomplish without his help in

all stages of its preparation.

I have a pleasant opportunity to work with “PTCL”. In this

connection, I pay my heartily thanks to Sir Nasrullah (T. O.

Eng) who is my instructor, a humble person and very kindly

provided me the opportunity to internship at the highly

prestigious organization.

I’m also really thankful to my parents, who are my first

teacher in this world. Without them and their prayers I feel

myself alone and incomplete.

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Internship Report

PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED

Established on 1996

INTRODUCTION

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is a mega

corporation and a leading telecommunication authority in Pakistan.

The corporation provides telephonic and internet services nation-

wide and is the backbone for country's telecommunication

infrastructure despite arrival of a dozen other telecommunication

corporations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The

corporation manages and operates around ~2000 telephone

exchanges across the country, providing the largest fixed line

network. Data and backbone services such as GSM, CDMA,

Broadband Internet, and IPTV, wholesale are an increasing part of its

business.

HISTORY

From the of beginning Posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 and

establishment of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in

1962, PTCL has been a major player in telecommunication in

Pakistan. Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government in 1991,

announced its plans to privatize PTCL, and in 1994 issued six million

vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be

PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs. 10 per

share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL shares in mid-

1996.In 2005, Government of Pakistan decided to sell 26 percent of

this company to some private corporation but strikes were held by

PTCL workers. They arrested many workers and put them behind

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bars. The contention between Government and employees ended

with a 30% increase in the salaries of workers.

MAIN OFFICE

The Head Office of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited

is situated in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is headed by the

“President” besides.

PRODUCTS

In addition to wire line operations, PTCL also provide fixed line

service through its countrywide CDMA based WLL (Wireless Local

Loop) network, under the VFone brand name. In the Internet

segment, PTCL provides fixed broadband through conventional

copper wire & FTTC and wireless broadband based on EvDO Rev A

and B technology with the brand name of EVO. PTCL has also

introduced a 3G tab. In the cellular segment, the second largest

cellular provider in Pakistan, Ufone based on GSM 800/1900

technology, is also a wholly owned subsidiary of PTCL. In addition

to these services, PTCL also offers some of the world's first

commercial HD TV services based on IPTV with the brand name of

Smart TV and home surveillance and alarm over broadband under

the brand name iSentry. PTCL is also part of the consortium of three

major Submarine communication cable networks: SEA-ME-WE 3,

SEA-ME-WE 4 and I-ME-WE.

Source: (ptclwebsite)

SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY

There are seven different kind of switching technologies currently

operational in PTCL network

Alcatel

Siemens

NEC

Erricsson

Huawi

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J.S telecom

ZTE

SERVICES OF PTCL

Services for consumers

(1)New Telephone Connections

(2)Value Added Services

(3) CLI (Callers Line Identification)

(4)PREPAID CALLING CARDS

(5)E-BILL PAYMENT

(6)DIGITAL FACILITIES

(7)PTCL offers a variety of features to digital exchange

Customers like:-

1- Hotline

2- Abbreviated Dialing.

3- Call Waiting4 Don’t Disturb

5-Call Transfer on (a) Busy (b) No Reply (c) Immediate

6-Wake up call

7-Absent Subscriber

8-Code Barring

(8)Prepayment Telephony Services (PPT)

(9)Target market

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MY INTERNSHIP WORK

I have got the internship in PTCL telephone exchange in Mianwali.

Supervisor’s name and job title:

Supervisor’s name is NasarUllah and the job title is T. O. Eng.

Switching

EXCHANGE OVERVIEW

An exchange is consists of following important parts

Network Equipments (Main Switching Unit)

MDF (Main Distribution Farm)

RLU (Remote Logic Unit)

MAIN AC SUPPLY

GENERATOR

DC BATTERY

MEDIA (Micro Wave or Optic fiber)

MY WORK TASK

During the internship I was demonstrated about the two installed system i.e

1) EWSD system

2) ZTE system

EWSD system is made by Germany and ZTE system is made by china.

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During the internship I was also demonstrated about the external network as well as power plant setup to feed the power to all installed system.

Detail regarding EWSD switching system:-

There are five basic sub-system installed

1. DLU

2. LTG

3. SN

4. CP

5. CCNP

1. DLU: -

DLU is the subscriber stage and equipment of all telephone numbers are installed in the DLU. The subscribers’ cables from DLU are wired at MDF. MDF is the stage at which cables from external network are wired at one side and cables from DLU are wired on the other side. To connect any telephone network with the external network jumpring is done at MDF.

There are two types of DLUS:a) DLU

b) DLUB

a) DLU:-

The cards having 8telephone numbers are installed in DLU and one DLU is installed in one rack. Maximum 960 telephone numbers can be accumulated in one DLU. The 4 PDC are the output of the DLU and the date rate of each PDC is 30 channels.

b) DLUB:-

The cards having 16 telephone numbers are installed in the DLUB and two DLUS installed in one rack. DLUB is installed for to save the space.

2. LTG (LINE TRUNK GROUP) :-

LTG is the channel stage.4PDC coming from DLU is the input of LTG. The output of LTG is the SDC (SECONDARY DIGITAL CARRIER). The data rate of

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SDC is 120 channels. LTG is the interface stage between DLU and SN (SWITCHING NETWORK).

There are 4 types of LTG w.r.t hardware:-

a) LTG (in a full shelf)

b) LTGB (in a half shelf)

c) LTGN (in a card)

d) LTGP (4 LTGs in a card)

LTGs are compacted to save the space.

3. SN (SWITCHING NETWORK):-

The connection between called party and calling party are established in SN stage.

4. CP (CO-ORDINATION PROCESSOR):-

CP is the main control of all exchange systems it is just like a brain all commands and instructions are generated from CP the status of all systems are updated in CP the calls charging data is stored in MDD (MAGNETIC DISC DEVICE) which is sub-part of CP.

5. CCNP (COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALING

NETWORK PROCESSOR:-

CCNP state generate the all type of signaling which

is send to the sub-system of exchange to perform the

different task.

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Block Diagram of System

ZTE: - (Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation)

ZTE was introduced in the Pakistani market in 1999 with its

headquarters in Islamabad and major offices in Lahore and Karachi.

Providing Telecom Equipment, Network Solutions and Managed

Services to telecom operators in Pakistan i.e. PTCL, Telenor, Zong

POWER PLANT SETUP:-

During the internship I was also demonstrated about the power plant set up which feed power to all systems of the exchange. The power plant system comprises of following equipment:

1. Transformer

2. Rectifiers

3. Stand by battery sets

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4. AC unites

5. Stand by diesel generator set

1) TRANSFORMER:-

200KVA transformer was installed which step-down. The

11KV line to 220/440V

2) RECTIFIERS:-

Because all installed system is D.C operated therefore 3

rectifiers having capacity 48v.200A were installed to convert the A.C

supply in to D.C supply. The rectifiers were 3-phases therefore input

of rectifier was 440V.A.C and output 48V.D.C.

3) STAND BY BATTERY SETS:-

There were two battery sets having capacity of 1500AH each

were installed. Total capacity of battery sets was 3000AH.In case of

WAPDA supply failure these battery sets take up the load at once

and thus no interruption occurred in communication.

4) A.C UNIT:-

The switching equipment is very sensitive to temperature

therefore to maintain the idle temperature i.e 26c.

5 A.C units having capacity 5 tones and 7.5 tones were installed.

These A.C units’ remains operated in whole year.

5) D.C SETS: - Diesel Generator Sets)

Having capacity 225KVA was installed to provide the stand

by supply to the all system. The D.G set is operated in case of

WAPDA supply failure.

EXTERNAL NETWORKThere are two type of external network

1) Primary Network

2) Secondary Network

1) PRIMARY NETWORK:-

The underground cable laid down between the MDF and divisional

cabinet is called Primary Network. The cables of 600/900/1200 pairs

having dia 0.4 and 0.6 were laid down

2) SECONDARY NETWORK:-

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The external under ground cable laid down between the

divisional cabinet and distribution point (DP) is called secondary

network. Each D.P contains maximum 10 pairs drop wire is erected

between the DP and customer premises.

Connectivity of external network with the exchange and

customer is as under:

RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUTION

No doubt PTCL is enjoying monopoly but the time is came when

competition will force company to change its policies to become

favorite telecom service provider in the Market & keep its current

place & customer base

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Switching department of the PTCL is well established and performs its functions properly. PTCL has a huge sales infrastructure throughout the country that is geographically wide spread.

There are only two training staff colleges which cannot fulfill

the requirement of all the employees of PTCL from all over

the Pakistan. They should start at least one new training staff

college so that all the employees get training.

Overall PTCL still behaves as a monopoly … it has to

change its attitude. At a minimum, avoiding billing errors

and providing competent and courteous service to its

customers is essential if PTCL wants to show that it is

transforming itself to a competitive company which cares for

its customers.

PTCL have little high switching cost of customer which is

the main resistance of PTL in increasing it sales. The growth

rate of PTCL has been decreased in 2012 by 3%

approximately. And the growth rate of Ufone has increased

by 46% which is not good signed for PTCL in future.

PTCL still have a good future. It should train its employees

according to needs of work and also should train them

according to the new technology.

Just believe in yourself even if you don’t pretend that you do And at some point, you will.

_________________________

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