Solar Photovoltaic - Why It is Important

Renewable, sustainable form of energy

Harmful effects on environment- ZERO

Provide energy independence.

Most abundant energy source available.

Reduces the financial cost of electricity.

Reduces Carbon Emission caused by the

large thermal (coal-based) power plants.

1. Generation of DC Power from SPV

2. Transmission of String’s power to

Array Box

3. Array box to combine all the PV

strings

4. Power conversion from DC to AC

5. Feeding Power to Load

Distribution Panel

6. Wi-fi connectivity to remotely

monitor the system

HOW A Solar Electric Systems WORKS

DEFINITION of

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC (BIPV)

• Insulated PV glass unit

WHY BIPV?

• LOWER COST

• IMPROVED ASTHETICS

• WIDER DISTRIBUTION

APPLICATION OF BIPV

• ROOFINGS

• SKYLIGHTS-CANOPIES

• CURTAIN WALLS- VERTICAL GLASS

• c-Si PV CELL COLORS

• DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIPV APPLICATIONS

COMPONENTS OF BIPV ELECTRIC SYSTEMS

BIPV PANELS

SOLAR INVERTERS

SOLAR CABLES + CONNECTORS

MOUNTING RACKS

DISTRIBUTION PANEL

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

ROOF AREA AVAILABLE VISION GLASS APPLICATION

SPANDREL AREA INSTALLATION

TYPE OF PV CELLS & PANELS (SIZE, COLOR & SPACING)

TYPE & SPECIFICATION OF PCU (POWER CONDITIONING UNIT)

CABLES & CONNECTORS TYPE

ORIENTATION & ELEVATION

ANTICIPATED ENERGY PRODUCTION

CURTAIN WALL CONSIDERATIONS

ACCOMMODATE GLASS WITH END CONNECTORS

INCORPORATE WIRES & JUNCTION BOXES

COMPLY WITH BUILDNG CODES, IEC, IS & UL

GASKET & SEALANT COMPATIBILITY

AIR, WATER & THERMAL PERFORMANCE

ALLOW FOR FUTURE ACCESS TO WIRING

QUALITY CHECKING & DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF BIPV CELLS & PANELS

Pv Cell Technology Has To Be Of 3rd Generation Based

Cell Efficiency Has To Be Greater Than 17%

Module Efficiency Must Be Greater Than 14%

NOCT Should Lie Between 56 to 62 C

Power Temperature Co-efficient Not More Than -0.47%/ C

At Irradiation 600w/sq.m/Day And At 25 C , Module’s Output Need To Be 55% Or More

Of It’s Rated Peak Power.

BIPV Modules Must Comply With IEC-61215 & IEC-61646

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DESIGN CONSIDERATION FOR SOLAR INVERTERS

Micro Or String Type Inverters Can Be Used In Such Applications

Must Have 1 MPPT Per Inverter

Conversion Efficiency Has To Be Greater Than 95%

Should Operate At Unity P.F

Total Harmonic Distortion Should Be Less Than 2%

Must Comply With Anti-islanding Protection

Self Consumption Should Be Less Than 2%

Transformer less Topology Is Preferable

Grounding Arrangement Has To Be Included

Must Have A Surge Protection Device

Product Warranty Should Be At least 15 Years

Remote Monitoring & Data Acquisition Facility Is Preferable

Inverter Must Comply With UL-1741/ IEEE-1547

DESIGN CONSIDERATION FOR SOLAR CABLES

MUST WITHSTAND 120 C TEMPERATURE

RATED VOLTAGE HAS TO BE 0.9/1.8 KV DC

INSULATING MATERIAL SHOULD BE HALOGEN FREE CROSS-LINKED COMPUND

PRODUCT MUST COMPLY WITH IS-8130

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PV ARRAY TILT & ORIENTATION

TILT TILT DEPENDS ON THE

LOCATION LATITUDES e.g FOR DELHI, THE TILT

ANGLE WILL BE 28 (FIXED) WHERE AS FOR KOLKATA IT’LL BE 23

INSTALLATION OF BIPV SHOULD BE DONE IN A WAY TO OPTIMIZE THE TILT ANGLE

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ORIENTATION DEPENDS ON THE LOCATION’S

AZIMUTH FOR INSTANCE, A SPV SYSTEM

AT DELHI SHOULD BE FACING DIRECTLY TO SOUTH