Plastic waste management and recycling technology

Sam D.Silas,BTG-12-028Shagana Santhi,BTG-12-030Vignesh,BTG-12-037 Vijaya Sowmiya,BTG-12-038

PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTIONOBJECTIVES INVOLVEDCASE STUDYEXISTING PROBLEMSREMEDIAL MEASURESCONCLUSIONREFERENCE

INTRODUCTION

Waste is now a global problem, and one that must be addressed in order to solve the world's resource and energy challenges. Plastic is a material in any of a wide range of synthetic or semi synthetic that are moldable. These are made from limited sources of a petroleum. Huge advances are being made in the development of technologies to recycle plastic waste among other resources.

It gives to energy savings and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. It also saves non renewable sources like oil and gas. In addition to that, recycling provides livelihood for millions of people and families in developing countries, employment or informal economic activities.

Why recycle plastics ?

OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this project is to emphasize the reduced use of plastic and the beneficial management of plastic waste. This also includes alternative measures for the substitution of the synthetic polymers.

Efficient transformation of plastic into energy and fuel.

Controlling the impact of plastic waste on the environment.

Making our environment an eco friendly zone.

CASE STUDY Plastic is a form of synthetic or semi synthetic organic

polymer. Plastic can be manufactured through various processes and by combination of various compounds. The variety of plastics are discussed as follows.

PET HDPE PVC LDPE PP PS OTHERS

DESCRIPTION PET : Poly Ethylene Terephthalate-fizzy drink bottles and

oven trays manufacturing HDPE : High Density Poly Ethylene-bottles for milk and

washing up liquids

PVC : Polyvinyl chloride, Pipes and fittings LDPE : Carrier bags and garbage bin liners

PP : Poly propylene, Medicine bottles PS : Poly Styrene, Packaging pellets, Fast food trays

etc.

DISTRIBUTION OF PLASTIC INMANUFACTURING SECTOR

18.60%

11.90%

10.00%

7.40%7.00%

6.70%

6.70%

5.20%

4.00%

3.40%

2.60%

2.20%1.70%

1.60%1.40%

1.20%8.50%Usage

chips and conf bags bottles/caps and lids PET bottles supermarket retail bagsstraws garbage bags packaging food bagscling wrap fruit juice bottles softdrinks/water cups/utensilsfood containers milk bottles pack rings cigarette lighters

PLASTIC WASTE SOURCES

Source

Municipal source

Residential markets

Hotels,hospitals

Distribution & industry

sector

Food,chemical

Packaging firms

Other sources

Automotive, agricultural waste etc..

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Plastic manufacturing consumes significant amount of resources. (4% of worlds annual oil production)

Littered plastic spoils the beauty of the environment Affects human health due to toxic release into

atmosphere. Non bio degradable nature arrests recharge of ground

water aquifers. Garbage mixed with plastic may cause problems in landfill

operations.

Processing

Segregation

Selection

METHODOLOGY

Methodology

Selection - The recyclers have to select the waste suitable for recycling. Segregation - The plastic waste must be separated according to its nature corresponding to BIS guidelines Processing - After segregation pre consumer waste can be directly recycled whereas post consumer waste has to be washed ,shredded ,agglomerated and granulated.

Primary recycling - Involves processing of waste into a product of similar characteristics. Secondary recycling - Involves processing of waste plastic into materials having different characteristics. Tertiary recycling - Involves production of basic chemicals and fuel from segregated municipal waste. quaternary recycling - Involves energy extraction by burning and incineration.

Recycling technology

Three forms of recycling

Category Method of recycling Recycling Category

DISADVANTAGES

High Initial cost.

Recycled products may not last for long.

Unsafe and unhygienic recycling sites.

May create more pollution.

Not wide spread on large scale.

ALTERNATIVES TO BE CONSIDERED

Plastic waste disposal through Plasma Pyrolysis Technology - incineration of waste by plasma torches leaving minute or no residues.

Conversion of plastic waste into Liquid fuel using Dehydrochlorination units. By extracting hydrogen and chlorine separately oil and hydrochloric acid can be obtained.

Bio degradable plastics - manufacture of plastics that are eco-friendly. They have a decomposing nature.

ADVANTAGES

Plasma Pyrolysis - Clean destruction of hazardous

waste Preventing waste from entering landfills No harmful emission of toxic waste. De-hydro chlorination – Extraction of clean energy

and Hydrochloric acid.

Bio Degradable plastic – Takes less time to break down Bio plastics are renewable.

REVIEW OF LITERATURES Javeriya Siddiqui and Govind Pandey - M.M.M. Engineering College,

Gorakhpur Conversion of Plastics Waste into Liquid Fuel Dr. R.K. Khandal, SRI, Chairman their groups – PWM in India National Recovery Technologies, Nashville, TN - High-Speed

Plastic Recycling

SUCCESS STORIES BEHIND THAT PWM

Woman of the waste recycling project, Galle, Sri Lanka. Ragbags

A LENOVO ENVIRONMENTAL SUCCESS STORY

“USING RECYCLED CONTENT PLASTICS”

To demonstrate “engineered” recycled content plastics could successfully be used in computer applications and satisfy the demanding requirements, Lenovo’s team first worked with post industrial content (PIC) recycled plastics. To prove to the computer industry using recycled plastics is

not only the right environmental thing to do, but makes good business sense.

REFERENCE

Solid waste management by V.K.Prabhakar

Plastic Waste Management - Dr.A.B.Harapanahalli, Mini.of

Envi & Forests. Solid waste management - Coimbatore city municipal

corporation Article published by Plastic Waste Management Institute Information handbook under right to information act -TNPCB The Hindu – ‘Envi minister wants plastic free

Coimbatore’. Feb 12 2010, ‘Plastic bags with a ‘ban’g’-

Jan 18 2012.

CONCLUSION

Even though plastic recycling and its management has gained momentum nowadays, the best possible way of protecting our environment is to alter the root cause of the problem by reducing the usage at the preliminary level.

Place to be visited CIPET, CHENNAI

Thank you