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Fittings Manufacturing-

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Heat Treatment for Fittings• Heat treatment as per applicable ASTM

standard• Hot finished Fittings

−Temp. remain within heat treatment temperature till final size and thickness achieved

−No heat treatment required• Cold finished Fittings

−Fittings are clod drawn−heat treatment required

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Heat Treatment for Fittings•Normalizing•Quenching•Tempering•Solution Annealing •Stress reliving •Combination of above

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Hydrostatic Test• Not required unless

specifically requested by purchaser

• Code mandate that fittings shall be able to withstand under pressure required by applicable Piping Code

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Non Destructive testing• Ultrasonic • Radiography (Only for Weld) • Magnetic particle test• Liquid penetrant test• Positive Material Identification

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Distractive Testing• Proof test• Tensile test• Impact test / Charpy V-Notch Test• Hardness test

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Metallurgical Test• Micro Analysis or Chemical Analysis of

−Raw material−Product−Weld

• Macro Analysis or Grain size −Product−Weld

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Visual Inspection• Check for any surface defect (mechanical

marks, dents) and overall product quality• Check weld for welding defect such as

porosity, undercuts etc• Acceptance as per applicable standard

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Dimension Standard• Wrought Product (WP)

−ASME B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Butt-welding Fittings NPS 1⁄₂ through NPS 48

−B16.28 Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Short Radius Elbows and Returns NPS 1⁄₂ through NPS 24

• Forged Product−ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded

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Dimension inspection • Following to be confirm during inspection

−Diameter−Length−Thickness−Straightness−Degree

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Marking • Following shall be marked on Fitting

−Manufacturer logo−ASTM material code−Material Grade−Size−Thickness (Schedule No)−Heat No−Compliance - for standard fittings –WP, for Special fittings S58,S8,SPLD etc.

VP 6” Sch80 A234 WPB ABC12

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Marking• Marking can be by paint or by Hard

punching• For stainless steel stenciling can be used• For carbon steel no hard punching below 6

mm thickness• For stainless steel no hard punching below

12 mm thickness

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What we have learned?• Heat Treatment• Inspection and Testing• Markings

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