Kamal Abdurahman

Group:B

2/25/2015

2015Hedrogen ion concenteration(PH-

Meter)

Supervised By : Mr.Pshtewan Jaf Mr.Sarhad

Mr.Goran

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL

DRILLING ENGIEERING LAB

Contents

1 -Aim.

2 -Theory.

3 -Apparatus.

4 -Procedure.

5-Calculation.

6 -discussion .

7 -references.

Aim of experiment:

In this test we are measured PH of drilling mud by the PH

meter, to known the acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid.

Theory

The acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid can be

measured by the concentration of the (H+) ion in the fluid. As

for instance, if H+ is large (1 x 10-1), then the (OH-) hydroxyl

concentration is very low (1 x 10-13), the solution is strongly

acidic.

If the (OH-) concentration is (1 x 10-1) very high then (H+)

concentration is very low then the solution is strongly alkaline.

The acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid can be

measured by the concentration of the (H+) ion in the fluid. As

for instance, if H+ is large (1 x 10-1), then the (OH-) hydroxyl

concentration is very low (1 x 10-13), the solution is strongly

acidic.

If the (OH-) concentration is (1 x 10-1) very high then (H+)

concentration is very low then the solution is strongly alkaline.

The pH of a solution is the logarithm of the reciprocal of the

(H+) concentration expresses as: 𝑝𝐻=log1𝐻+=−log𝐻+

Example: If the solution is neutral then H+ and OH-

concentrations are the same equal to 1 x 10-7. 𝑝𝐻=log11 x 10−7=−log1 x 10−7=7.

Apparatus of Experiment

PH meter

WTW 'PH' Meter

Calibration Fluid

CALIBRATION:

First in this test we are calibrated the PH meter device by the

standard water (PH=7).

Procedure

1) Calibrate the pH meter using the meter’s calibration function

(follow the directions that come with the meter) using three pH

standards. Record the electrode potential of each pH standard

for subsequent analysis. Record the electrode slope and

intercept calculated by the meter after calibration.

2) Measure the pH of 5 samples from different depths in the

lake. Record both pH as displayed on the meter and electrode

potential. Record the depth and temperature of each sample.

3) Use a least squares analysis procedure to calculate the pH

of samples in step two using the electrode potential of three

standards measured in step one. Calculate the uncertainty of

each pH measurement.

4) Compare your pH results to values collected.

Discussion

*PH-Meter is important:

A-PH is important because it affects the solubility of the organic thinners, contaminant removal, corrosion mitigation and the dispersion of clays presents in the mud.

*In this test there are change PH by temperature directly that is mean when the temperature increase the PH increase.

*There is an effect that takes the error in this test after temperature has water (if the water is not pure (not standard, PH=7) the device recorded wrong value and then takes the PH of the mud wrong value).

*After circulating this mud must be measured the PH, because that’s important to the equipment and drill string and the other equipment and the well , because if do not known the PH of this mud there are make a lot of error and problem to the well bore, because the acidity has an effect to the corrosion and erosion and takes an effect to the

pipes and take fracture to the mud cake and that’s bad then must the drillers known the properties of the mud to control this problem.

* Methods of measuring pH in the

laboratory:

1. The pH Paper: The pH paper

strips have dyes absorbed into

the paper display certain colours

in certain pH ranges. It is

useful, inexpensive method to

determine pH in fresh water muds.

The main disadvantage is that

high concentrations of salts

(10,000 ppm chloride) will alter

the colour change and

cause inaccuracy .

2. The pH Meter: The pH meter

is an electric device utilizing

glass electrodes to measure a

potential difference and indicate

directly by dial reading the pH of

the sample. The pH meter is the

most accurate method of

measuring pH.

Reference

http://www.malvern.com/en/products/measurement-type/PH-Measurement /y .state/default.aspx

Jiao, D. and M.M. Sharma, “steady state,” Journal of Colloidal and Interfacial Science, 1994. 162:p. 454-462.

http://www.glossary. PH .slb.com/en/Terms/m/mudcake.aspx

Fisk, J.V., and Jamison, D.E., "Physical Properties of Rock at High Temperatures and Pressures," SPE Drilling Engineering, December 1989, pp. 341-46.