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Perimeter fence security using fiber optic cable
• Introduction
• Advantages
• Basic Concepts
• Examples
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
O Security needs more than just putting a fence up.
O Traditional methods :
O are often unreliable and expensive.
O may have false alarms.
O cause distrust in system.
Introduction
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
O Fiber optic sensing cable :
O is more reliable perimeter fence.
O is fence mounted fiber optic sensing cable.
O is used for vibration detection.
O uses central sensing device to analyse
magnitude and pattern of vibration
signatures.
Introduction
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Advantages
O Fiber-Optic security is very difficult to defeat.
O Responsive: Low false positive to noise
generated by environmental factors.
O Reliable: High reliability of intrusion detection.
O (extremely low false negative).
O Accurate.
O Flexible.
O Resistant to environmental effects.
O Requires little or no maintenance.
O Long life.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Basic Concept
O System involves:
O A fiber optic cable around the perimeter,
O Laser diode LD feeding the cable
O Coupler
O Photo detector PD.
are
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Basic Concept O Laser diode LD feeds fiber optic cable through
optical coupler.
O Coupler splits optical power into fiber loop in two
counter directional paths.
O Two counter directional light packets when
combined, cause interference along the loop.
O The light interference is detected by a photo
diode (PD).
O Under static conditions, interference and its
strength are constant.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Basic Concept O When intruder induced vibration is applied to fiber:
O Refractive index in region of vibration changes.
O Interference and its strength fluctuate.
O Emitted light arrives at vibration point with some
difference in time.
O After passing the vibration point:
O two counter directional light packets are
combined,
O Causes change in interference pattern.
O The light interference is detected by a photo
diode (PD).
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Military
O Alarm Processing Unit of highest standards in probability of detection.
O Low nuisance/false alarm rates.
O Advanced tuning capabilities.
O Optimize detection and tuning according to unique site conditions.
O High level of security.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Transportation & Aviation
O Theft, sabotage and terrorism are security
concern at airports, rail and sea ports.
O Equipment needs to thrive in very harsh
environments.
O High performance and reliability are expected.
O Airports have radar and radio emissions
over many frequency ranges.
O Electrical or electromagnetic sensors unreliable.
O Sensors highly subjected to electromagnetic
interference.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Transportation & Aviation
O Fiber-optic sensor is not affected by radio
frequencies or electro-magnetic interference.
O Most reliable solutions for perimeter security
applications.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Oil and Gas
O Laser light through sensor is analyzed for
distortion to detect threats.
O Remote capabilities allow alarm processing
units at central location.
O Reduces cost.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Oil and Gas
O Eliminates need for communications and power
in the field.
O Only passive optical components are installed in
the field.
O Insensitive to vapors, fumes, EMI, RFI, lightning
or proximity to electrical cables.
O Environmental conditions such as temperature,
lightning, corrosive liquids and gasses are
irrelevant.
O Ideal choice in these environments.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Electrical / Substation O Security impacts
reliability of electrical grid in a city or town.
O Susceptible to attacks or threat by terrorist/saboteur.
O Unauthorized access eendangers lives of intruders, employees and inhabitants of nearby community.
O Optical fiber sensors are most optimum solution in this situation.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Corrections facility
O Located in remote
areas with limited
lightning in security
systems.
O Perimeter security
applications are built
on fiber-optic
intrusion detection
systems.
O Initiates appropriate
and timely response.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
Examples: Protected Distribution Systems
O Network backbone are vulnerable to intruders.
O This system physically protect passive optical
networks.
O Used to alarm network conduit or raceway.
O Lowest cost.
Prof. Madhumita Tamhane
O http://fibersensys.com/security-solutions
O http://discountlowvoltage.blogspot.in/2012/09/perimet
er-fence-security-system-using.html
O http://www.cablinginstall.com/articles/print/volume-
19/issue-3/features/the-use-of-fiber-optics-in-security-
and-surveillance-systems.html
O https://www.rp-photonics.com/fiber_optic_sensors.html
O http://www.sensorland.com/HowPage072.html
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