Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Major Project Presentation

Group members:

SUMAN SOURABH - 065GANDHARV RANA - 067VIKRAM JASWAL - 068GAURAV KAPOOR - 090

Content Layout• Introduction• State of technology• Schematic diagram• Materials used• Working• Efficiency• Pros and Cons• Future prospects• Queries ?

INTRODUCTION• Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology for

generating renewable energy that uses the temperature difference between the deep cold and relatively warmer surface waters of the ocean to generate baseload electricity.

• Since OTEC exploits renewable solar energy, recurring costs to generate electrical power are minimal.

• The high fixed costs dominate the economics of OTEC to the extent that it currently cannot compete with conventional power systems.

TYPES1. OPEN CYCLE OTEC

2. CLOSED CYCLE OTEC

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

• Closed cycle OTEC.• Conventionaly, Cold sea water is used as a heat

exchanger. It is inefficient and reduces the overall efficiency by 10-15%.

• We have used THERMOELECTRIC MODULE for make this process more efficient.

• A water level detector which indicates critical water levels in the surface water holding tank.

Contd......

• We have used THERMOELECTRIC MODULE for make the condensor more efficient.

• The module is connected in closed cycle.• The 5V DC output is provided to the module which, according

to “PELTIER EFFECT”, produces a temperature difference ie. a cold surface on one side and hot surface on the other.

• The colder surface of the module is attached to the condensor which improves the condensation of unutilized steam and thus increases the overall cycle efficiency of OTEC.

SCHEMATIC

INLET WATER TANK WITH WATER LEVEL

INDICATOR

BOILER

PRESSURIZER TURBINE

CONDENSER WITH TEC MODULE

STEP UP TRANSFORMER

RECTIFIER

BATTERY STORAGE

AC APPLICATIONS

3V AC, 3000 rpm 3v to 9v AC

MATERIALS USED• PRESSURE COOKER as a boiler.

• 3V AC, 3000 rpm tubine.

• 3-9V AC Step up Transformer.

• TEC-12709 Termoelectric Module with condenser.

• Elecronic componenets : Diodes, NPN Transistors, LM5708, Buzzer, circuit board.

WORKING• Inlet water tank holds the ocean surface water . A water pump is used

to move the water to the boiler. We have used pressure cooker as a boiler.

• The steam produces rushes to the turbine section thereby rotating the 3V AC,3000rpm turbine.

• A step up transformer used steps up the voltage to 9V.

• The rectifier section converts the AC voltage to DC voltage which is used to charge a battery. By using a voltage limiter circuit , we can also charge a mobile.

• The unused steam from the turbine reaches the condenser where the steam is converted to water , which is fedback to the water inlet tank.

EFFICIENCY

Carnot efficiency : 

E(c) = 1 – T(c) / T(h) 

Temperatures needs to be in Kelvins, so : 

1.0°C = 1.0 + 273 = 274K 100°C = 100° + 273 = 373K 

Therefore : 

E(c) = 1 - 274K / 373K = 0.26541 (about 26.54 %)

Carnot efficiency : 

E(c) = 1 – T(c) / T(h) 

Temperatures needs to be in Kelvins, so : 

4.0°C = 4.0 + 273 = 277K 25°C = 25° + 273 = 298K 

Therefore : 

E(c) = 1 - 277K / 298K = 0.070 (about 7 %)

OUR PROJECT CONVENTIONAL METHOD

Pro’s

Reneweble

Fresh Water in open

loop

Refrigeration and Air

Conditioning

Agriculture

Con’s

Impingement and

Entrainment

Biocide Treatments

Effect on marine life

Efficieny and

Economics

FUTURE PROSPECTS• OTEC technology has the potential to be integrated with other

commercial systems (e.g., aquaculture and sea water air conditioning) and products (e.g., potable water, ammonia, and hydrogen).

• Energy and Economics can be enhanced by employing super efficient Hybrid cycle OTEC.

• Addressing Impacts of OTEC.

QUERIES ??

THANK YOU