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Technol ogy PROJECT SUBMITTED BY- SUBHRAJIT SADHUKHAN BCA 6 TH SEMESTER NETAJI SUBHASH ENGINEERING COLLEGE 0 6 / 0 6 / 2 0 2 2 1

Lifi Technology

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A presention on LIFI technology.. Use MS Office 13 to view the original fonts and pics used within(as they are not supported in the previous versions..)

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Page 1: Lifi Technology

07/04/2023

1Technology

PROJECT SUBMITTED BY-SUBHRAJIT SADHUKHAN

BCA 6TH SEMESTERNETAJI SUBHASH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

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2

WIFI & it’s

Problems

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3 From using wireless internet in a coffee shop or stealing it from

the guy next door to competing for bandwidth at a conference, the most probable cause of frustration is the decreasing speed due to more than one device being are tapped into the network.

If we have a limited internet plan, say for example 5GB for 30days, then we have to make sure that that our network isn’t being used by someone else( i.e. We have to password protect our network, thereby preventing unauthorized extra usage).

The radio waves used for transmitting data in WIFI networks has detrimental impact on human health.

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4Introduction to LIFI

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5Introduction to LIFI networks Data Through Illumination: A German physicist, Dr. Harald Haas, has

come up with a solution to address the problems with WIFI networks, he calls “Data Through Illumination”—taking the fiber out of fiber optics by sending data through an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can follow.

Light Fidelity: And this technology is called“Light Fidelity”, popularly know as LIFI.

5G Visible Light Communication, Technology: LI-FI is 5G Visible Light Communication, Technology.

The light from light emitting diodes (LED’s) is used as medium to deliver networked, mobile, high speed communication: The light is provided by light emitting diodes (LED’s) which acts as medium to deliver networked, mobile, high speed communication just as WI-FI or Optical fibre.

With LIFI is possible to encode the data into the light by varying the rate at which the LED’s flicker ON and OFF which is too quickly to be noticed by the human eye.

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6Development teamPEOPLE WITHOUT WHOM LIFI WOULD JUST HAVE BEEN ANOTHER GREAT THEORY WITH NO PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

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7 Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communication (VLC), technology developed by a team of scientists including Dr. Gordon Povey, Prof. Harald Haas and Dr. Mostafa Afgani at the University of Edinburgh.

Dr. Gordon Povey Prof. Harald Haas Dr. Mostafa Afgani

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8

History

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9 Professor Harald Haas, from the University of Edinburgh in the UK, is widely recognised as the original founder of Li-Fi. He coined the term Li-Fi and is Chair man of Mobile Communications at the University of Edinburgh and co-founder of pureLiFi.

The general term visible light communication (VLC), includes any use of the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to transmit information.

The D-Light project at Edinburgh's Institute for Digital Communications was funded from January 2010 to January 2012.

Haas promoted this technology in his 2011 TED Global talk and helped start a company to market it.

PureLiFi, formerly pureVLC, is an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) firm set up to commercialize Li-Fi products for integration with existing LED-lighting systems.

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10History (Contd…) In October 2011, companies and industry groups formed the Li-Fi

Consortium, to promote high-speed optical wireless systems and to overcome the limited amount of radio-based wireless spectrum available by exploiting a completely different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

VLC technology was exhibited in 2012 using Li-Fi. By August 2013, data rates of over 1.6 Gbit/s were demonstrated over a

single color LED. In September 2013, a press release said that Li-Fi, or VLC systems in

general, do not require line-of-sight conditions. In October 2013, it was reported Chinese manufacturers were working on

Li-Fi development kits. Philips lighting company has developed a VLC system

for shoppers at stores. They have to download an app on their smartphone and then their smartphone works with the LEDs in the store. The LEDs can pinpoint where they are at in the store and give them corresponding coupons and information based on where aisle they are on and what they are looking at.

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11Present Scenario VLC technology is ready right now; it's being installed

in museums and businesses across France, and is being embraced by EDF, one of the nation's largest utilities.

The First VLC smartphone prototype was presented at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas from January 7–10 in 2014.

The phone uses SunPartner's Wysips CONNECT. A clear thin layer of crystal glass can be added to small screens like watches and smartphones that make them solar powered. Smartphones could gain 15% more battery life during a typical day. This first smartphones using this technology should arrive in 2015. This screen can also work to receive VLC signals and so can the smartphone camera.

The cost of these screens per smartphone is between $2 and $3, much cheaper than most new technology.

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12Why LIFI?

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13Present Scenario

More than 338 MillionMore than 1.8 Million

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14Issues Regarding Radio Spectrum

Capacity

Efficiency Security

Availability

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15Different Electromagnetic Spectrums and their potentialityRadio Waves

Infrared Visible Ultraviolet

X Rays Gamma Rays

In sufficient spectrum for increasing data

Low power application

Which is not used so far.

Dangerous for human body

Used for hospitals and security checking

It is not used generally

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16

How LIFI works?

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17 White LED light bulbs: Li-Fi is typically implemented using white LED light bulbs at the downlink transmitter which normally used for illumination only by applying a constant current.

Optical output is varied at extremely high speed: The LEDs can be switched on and off very quickly which gives nice opportunity for data transfer in the form of Binary code. Hence, by fast and subtle variations of the current, the optical output can be made to vary at extremely high speeds. This very property of optical current is used in Li-Fi setup.

Operational Procedure: The operational procedure is very simple-, if the LED is on, you transmit a digital 1, if it’s off you transmit a 0.

Hence it is possible to encode the data into the LED’s by using a controller ,we just have to vary at which LED’s flicker depending on the data we want to encode to give different strings of 0’s and 1’s.

UK researches say that using a micro-LED light bulb they have achieved a data transmission speed of 10Gbps using LI-FI.

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18Non technical Perspective 10,000 times as broad a spectrum as the radio frequencies

which Wi-Fi uses: Visible light has 10,000 times as broad a spectrum as the radio frequencies which Wi-Fi uses, allowing for much more bandwidth, once tapped.

Light bulbs are made to flicker at extremely high speed that human eye can’t detect: This is accomplished by the flickering of LED light bulbs to create binary code (on = 1, off = 0), and is done at higher rates than the human eye can detect.

Shed a couple of extra bucks on the lighting solution and get an incredibly fast internet connection: Which basically means “The more LEDs in your lamp, the more data it can process, and by shedding a couple of extra bucks on the lighting solutions of your housing or office you’re getting an incredibly fast and secure internet connection.”

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19Properties of LIFI

Light-based Wi-Fi: LIFI uses light instead of radio waves to transmit information. And instead of Wi-Fi modems, Li-Fi would use transceiver-fitted LED lamps that can light a room as well as transmit and receive information. Since simple light bulbs are used, there can technically be any number of access points.

Unutilized electromagnetic spectrum is used: This technology uses a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is still not greatly utilized. The Visible Spectrum.

No major ill effect: Light is in fact very much part of our lives for millions and millions of years and does not have any major ill effect.

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20

Major Components of a LIFI Communication System

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21SourceA high brightness white LED, acts as a communication source It’s guided by the PCB and powered by PA and is enclosed in an aluminum enclosure

Bulb: The high concentration of energy in the electric field vaporizes the contents of the bulb to a plasma state at the bulb’s center; this controlled plasma generates an intense source of light.

RF power amplifier circuit (PA): An RF (radio-frequency) signal is generated by the solid-state PA(Power Amplifier) and is guided into an electric field about the bulb.

Printed circuit board (PCB): The PCB controls the electrical inputs and outputs of the lamp and houses the microcontroller used to manage different lamp functions.

Enclosure: All of these subassemblies are contained in an aluminum enclosure

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22Receiver A silicon photodiode, which shows good response to

visible wavelength region serving as the receiving element.

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23

LIFI Networks

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24LIFI Network

A few additional features required to provide the same qualities as an RF-based wireless network: A wireless local area network based on Li-Fi technology needs some additional features to provide the same qualities as an RF-based wireless network, without losing the main advantages Li-Fi technology is able to provide.

The missing links for a fully developed Li-Fi WLAN are elaborated in the next few slides

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25The Li-Fi room connector

Optical signals can’t penetrate walls: Optical signals, obviously they can’t penetrate walls. How to the offence of many this is an advantage (relation to security issues). However, in order to provide an optical wireless local area network, rooms needs to be connected with each other. This is achieved via the Li-Fi room connector.

Li-Fi room connector is a replicator who sends the data stream from one side of the wall to the other side of the wall via an optical fibre cable: The Li-Fi room connector is a replicator who sends the data stream from one side of the wall to the other side of the wall via an optical fibre cable, which is connecting the two room connectors on each side of the wall. With smaller rooms, the Li-Fi room connector might be sufficient as the only Li-Fi hotspot in the room.

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26

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27The LIFI Router

Serves as connection to the external link: The Li-Fi router is the networks connection to the external link (fibre optic cable, DSL, GigE, etc.).

Useful for small office or home use with cloud & server functions: The application is mainly useful for small office or home use with cloud & server functions.

Covers a radius of 20 meters with a 100 Mbps transmission speed: It connects office and/or entertainment equipment and covers a radius of 20 meters with a 100 Mbps transmission speed.

The product is however developed to a proof-of-concept stage.

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28

AN IMPLEMENTATION OF LIFI TECHNOLOGY

LIFI Cloud

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29 Software solutions enabling the user of controlling all the features within a data centric Li--Fi environment: The Li-Fi cloud is a software solutions enabling the user of controlling all the features within a data centric Li--Fi environment. Part of this software has been developed already in connection with the developments of the Li-Fi applications we offer per today.

Local optical communication network with local data cloud structure and in house server/router: It’s basically local optical communication network with local data cloud structure and in house server/router

Data rates: It includes "on the move" data transfer at 100 Mbit/s, including Giga Speed data transfer and reception up to10 Gbit/s

It includes security features Energy saving/environmental features: It includes energy

saving/environmental features, controlled, for example, by optical smart phone

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30Features Connects all office and entertainment equipment Controls all data and entertainment equipment via smartphone Displays all files on any screen (TV,PC, etc.) Supports file access from any point + and via any device Stores all data in one central server/computer Supports data transfer and reception at 10 Gbit/s Supports "on the move" data transfer at 100 Mbit/s Monitors the entire optical network area Detects motion in the entire optical network area if wanted Controls all security features via smart phone Controls lighting via smart phone Supports control of heating  Supports control of any connected electrical equipment Supports energy saving/environmental features via smart phone  Bridges disparate data formats  Connects your local cloud to external line (fiberoptic, GigE, ADSL, etc.)

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31Uses

Private home wireless data network with local cloud & server function: It can be used in private home wireless data network with local cloud & server function 

Corporate wireless data network with local cloud & server function: It also has wide applications in corporate wireless data network with local cloud & server function 

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32A Typical block diagram of LIFI Cloud

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33

Technical Comparison

LIFI AND OTHER LEADING NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY

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34Technology Speed Data DensityWired

Fire Wire 800Mbps *****USB 3.0 5 Gbps *****Thunderbolt 2x 10Gbps *****

Wireless(Current)WIFI (IEEE 802.11N) 150 Mbps *Bluetooth 3 Mbps *IrDA 4 Mbps ***

Wireless(Future)Wi-Gig 2 Gbps **Giga-IR 1Gbps ***LIFI >10 Gbps *****

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35Applications of

LIFI

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36Hospitals

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37Hospitals

Places where Wi-Fi isn’t allowed due to radiation concerns: LIFI can be used in operating rooms where Wi-Fi isn’t allowed due to radiation concerns.

In invasive bio medical instruments: It may also be used in invasive bio medical instruments where it’s not safe to use other radio frequencies

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38Avoidance of Street Accidents

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39In Vehicles and Traffic Lights

Avoidance of Accidents: LIFI is sensors can be implanted in street lights,

possible sending your car info about road conditions other warnings: One of the smartest application of LIFI is sensors can be implanted in street lights, possible sending your car info about road conditions, warning you about the guy you can’t see speeding towards the intersection, or instantly transmitting his plate number to the cops when he does.

Sensors implanted in front and rear bumpers could receive data transmitted from rear lights of other car: Sensors implanted in front and rear bumpers could receive data transmitted from rear lights of the car just veered into your lane while you were texting. Both drivers are warned (or may be the car takes over) and the accident is averted.

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40Product Retailing

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41Product Retailing High speed web access through lighting in malls

a customer can passively gather data about reviews and pricing of any product on display: With high speed web access through lighting in malls a customer can passively gather data about reviews and pricing and ultimately walk out the door with the item they might otherwise paused at for a moment.

Service of secure high speed connection to simulate your experience researching and purchasing at home: Not only is Li-Fi able to make the process less intrusive than say, QR codes, but it provides you the service of secure high speed connection to simulate your experience researching and purchasing at home.

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42Offices

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43Offices

Alternative to Optical Fibres: A common problem within offices is that fiber optic cable can’t afforded yet high speed internet is required. Li-Fi cheaply solves the office Internet woes and adds a layer of security to boot.

100 Mbps connections. Encoded Transmissions: Plus, added encoded

transmissions.

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44Web Access in Flights

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45Lecture Halls

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46Lecture Halls/ Seminars

Downloading notes from blogs of respective teachers: Often we encounter teachers telling us to download lecture notes from their blog in my time. With LIFI the notes could be downloaded by the students in the hall itself, so that they could follow along as the lecture progressed.

Interactive classroom with interconnected devices: Imagine how interactive the classroom could be with real-time interconnectivity between 500 devices.

Sharing questions not only with teachers but the entire class: Sharing questions with not only the teacher but the entire class, and no one need be left behind.

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47Incorporation of LIFI Sensors in Light Posts

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48Incorporation of LIFI Sensors in Light Posts

News Updates Updates about Natural Calamity: It could keep us informed &

save lives. Say there’s an earthquake in Kolkata or a cyclone. The average people of Kolkata may not know what the protocols are for those kinds of disasters. Until they pass under a street light, that is has a LIFI transmitter making them aware of the necessary details through their smart phones.

Emergency Communication in Subway stations and tunnels, and other common dead zones: With Li-Fi, if there’s light, one can be online. Subway stations and tunnels, common dead zones for most emergency communications, pose no obstruction.

Cheap high-speed Web access to every street corner: In times less stressing cities could opt to provide cheap high-speed Web access to every street corner.

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49Smart Museums

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50Smart Museums

Deliver much more information on pieces in their collection than those tiny cards they paste: Li-Fi could enable a museum to deliver much more information on pieces in their collection than those tiny cards they paste to the walls could ever dream of.

Learn about the artist’s history, listen to an audio tour, peruse recent auctions of their work, etc: It would be possible to learn about the artist’s history, listen to an audio tour, peruse recent auctions of their work.

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