1

SEMINAR ONGREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY

SHUBHAM BHATTACHARYA

ROLL-43

SEM-6th

SIDDHARTHA MISHRA

ROLL-44

SEM-6thUnder the guidance of

Prof. NEETA SAHAY

ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY 

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Nano solar cells Nanotechnology in water treatment Nanotechnology in air pollution Conclusion Reference

3

INTRODUCTIONWhat is Nanotechnology?The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules.

OriginIn 1959 by renowned physicist Richard Feynman in his talk There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom

What is so special about the Nanoscale?Nanoparticles are so small they contain just a few atoms to a few thousand atoms, as opposed to bulk materials that might contain many billions of atoms. This difference is what causes nano materials to behave differently than their bulk counterparts.

4

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY Green nanotechnology has been described as the development of clean technologies, to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products, and to encourage replacement of existing products with new nano-products that are more environmentally friendly throughout their lifecycle.

Nanoproducts or nanomaterials can: Desalinate water Treat pollutants. Make solar cells much more cost efficient Save fuel Reduce materials used for production. Reduce pollution from energy generation. Help conserve fossil fuels. Enhance battery life (that could lead to less material use and less waste).

contd.

5

NANO SOLAR CELLS

How can Nanotechnology improve solar cells? Reduced manufacturing costs Reduced installation costs Making solar cells ultra-thin reduces

their material costs.

6

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN WATER TREATMENT

Types of nanotechnology process for water treatment Nanofiltration Nanoremediation

7

NANOFILTRATION

Membrane filtration process for surface water and fresh groundwater softening and removal of disinfection

Variety of materials can be used to make the membrane

Nanofiltration membranes have pore size smaller than that used in microfiltration and ultrafiltration

No extra sodium ions, as used in ion exchangers Many separation processes do not operate at

room temperature as nanofilteration (e.g.distillation)

contd.

8

NANOREMEDIATION Explored to treat ground water, wastewater, soil, sediment, or other contaminated environmental

materials Nanoparticle agents are brought into contact with the target contaminant under conditions that

allow a immobilizing reaction Small particle size also allows nanoparticles to enter small pores in soil or sediment that larger

particles might not penetrate Target contaminants include organic molecules such as pesticides or organic solvents and metals such

as arsenic or lead

contd.

9

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AIR POLLUTION

There are two major ways in which nanotechnology is being used to reduce air pollution:

1.Catalyst: Nanotechnology can improve the performance and cost of catalysts used to transform vapors escaping from cars or industrial plants into harmless gasses.

2.Nanostructured membranes:

Being developed to separate carbon dioxide from industrial plant exhaust streams.

10

Air Pollution: Nanotechnology Applications under Development Using crystals containing nano sized

pores to trap carbon dioxide. Reducing the amount of platinum used

in catalytic converters. Converting carbon dioxide to methanol;

which can be used to power fuel-cells. Reducing emissions from power plants

by converting carbon dioxide into nanotubes.  

contd.

11

CONCLUSION

As nanotechnology becomes more commercialized, it has the potential to become an industry with very strong green credentials.Care must be taken, however, to make sure we fully understand the consequences of releasing nanoparticles into the environment, and put measures in place to prevent their loss whenever possible.  New nanomaterials may also be designed from the very outset to be manufactured without the need for large quantities of energy and potentially harmful chemicals.

12

REFERENCE

Books: Green Nanotechnology: Solutions for Sustainability and Energy in the Built

Environment

by Geoffrey B. Smith  (Author), Claes-Goran S. Granqvist (Author)

Websites: Nanotechnology Database

   http://www.wtec.org/loyola/nanobase/ Nanotechnology Institute (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

   http://www.nanotechnologyinstitute.org Nanotechnology Now

   http://www.nanotech-now.com/

13

THANK YOU