Food LogisticsSupply Chain of Your Food

ByMuhammad Aamir

14608

20.01.2015

Content List

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1. Introduction

2. What is Supply Chain Management

3. Food Supply Chain

4. Food Catagories

5. Warehousing

6. Processing and Pakaging

7. Transportation

8. Cold Chain Management

9. Usage of Technology in Food Logistics

10. Conclusion

Refrences

Introduction:

• Importance of Food.• Motivation

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Supply Chain Management

What is Supply-Chain Management (SCM) ? Management of the flow of goods Movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-

process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption.

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Supply Chain Management

It’s the design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally”

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Food Supply Chain:

• Food Supply Chain or Food System refers to the processes that describe how food from a farm ends up on our tables.

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Food Supply Chain

• The processes include production, processing, distribution, consumption and disposal.

• Each step of the Food Supply Chain requires human, natural resources and artificial resources

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Example

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Food Categories:

• Animal Based Products (Fish, Chicken, Meat, etc)

• Dairy Products (Milk, Yogurt, Cheese, etc)• Crop Products (Wheat, Rice, Sugar-cane, etc)• Cooked Products:

Any cooked vegetable, starch or grain products including rice, pasta and potatoes, etc.

• Convenient Foods Products: Food like candies, Soft Drinks, Juices, Fast Food, etc.

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Food Categories• Frozen Foods

Needs to be to rapid freezing and is kept frozen until used. Freezing decreases the ability of bacteria’s to duplicate.

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Challenges to handle Frozen Food:

• Frozen Foods need special treatment when they should be transported: 

• Always a low or freezing temperature • Hygienic conditions • Fast Distribution and JIT – Transportation

to keep the food fresh 

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Warehousing:

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Food Warehousing:

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A food warehouse can be a food storage facility of any size, storing any amount of food for either long or short periods of time, for distribution in normal food channels. Food warehouses serve as a critical link in the food chain from the farmer to processor to distributor to retailer and ultimately to the consumer.

Types of Warehouses:

1. Dry Storage Warehouses• Items which need to be kept away from moisture and Humidity• Temperature is always between 50 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit.• Temperature Variation can cause damage. Etc canned foods• Examples rice, oats and grain

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Food Warehousing

2. Cold or Frozen Warehouses Refrigerated or deep-freeze storage facility for perishable goods

such as fruits, vegetables, meats, beverages to prevent rotting, sprouting, insect damage, and other forms of degradation..

It maintains a controlled interior temperature as low as - 25°C Necessary for logistical reasons, cold storage also enables

seasonal agricultural products to be distributed to retailers across a much longer season or possibly year-round.

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KPI´S In Food Warehousing

Cleanliness..does not grow bacteria, fungus or create any other health hazardous situations

Condition of the building... well maintained the building is, the less likely there will be pests or rodents to contaminate the food,should not have holes, cracks or other ways for unwanted critters to enter:

A pest control plan is a must for food grade warehousing inside and outside of the building

 Building and staff play a big role in finding the right food grade warehouse

Food grade warehouses should be registered with the Food Authorities and up to date with local food safety inspections.

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Food Processing and Packaging:

Processsing: Transformation of ingredients into Food. Produce marketable Food Products for Consumer Involves activites like Mincing, Liquefication, Cooking;

Preservation, Freezing etc

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Food Processing and Pakacging

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Food Processing and Packaging

Packaging: Range of Environment friendly materials are used. Provides identification, protection, temperature

resistance, and physical, chemical, or biological needs. Contains nutrition facts and barcodes label and other

information about food.

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Food Processing and Packaging

Some more functions of Packaging:

Physical Protection.. Shock, Viberation, compression Barrier Protection.. Oxygen,Water, Dust Contamination..for Small items not to mix etc.Liquids Information.. For Use, Transport Recycle etc Marketing, Convinience for Distribution, Handling

Stacking

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Food Processing and Packaging:Packaging Types:Primary..provides protecion to the food and information

Secondary..middle Layer of Packaging

Tertiary/ Transit...outer boxes or pallets for Transportation and distribution

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Food Processing and Packaging:

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Example:

Food Processing and Packaging

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfyNeVJGJfk

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Transportaion For Farm to Fork transportation is essential A vast global transportation network is required Include suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, retailers and the end

consumers It is middlemen responsible for getting food from field to retail. All means of transport are used

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Transportation

Whether the food is transported by road, rail, air or sea. Some key points needs to be followed.. Restricting transportation of cargo food and hazardous

materials  Regular information-sharing between shippers and carriers

about food handling Mandating specific requirements for shippers and carriers

concerning record-keeping, reporting, and inspections. Keep ready-to-eat food items that are being transported

separate from raw food. Food is covered, Vehicle and transport boxes are cleaned Use a cooling system to ensure that cold food is

transported below 5°C or colder by cold chain.

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TRANSPORTATION

What is Cold Chain Transportation

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TRANSPORTATION

TEMPERATURE

CONTROL

(REFRIGERATION)

COLD CHAIN TRANSPORTATION

•A cold chain is a temperature-controlled supply

chain. •An unbroken cold chain is an uninterrupted series of storage and distribution activities which maintain a given temperature range. •It is used to help extend and ensure the shelf life of products such as fresh agricultural products, seafood, frozen food, photographic film, chemicals and pharmaceutical drugs

Transportation

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Cold Chain is a process since a series of tasks must be performed for temperature sensitive products at every step.

Cold Chain

Means of Cold Chain Transport

 There are several means in which cold chain products can be transported, including refrigerated trucks and railcars, refrigerated cargo ships as well as by air cargo.

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Cold Storage Management System

How Cold Chain is managed?A cold chain can be managed by a quality management system. It should be analyzed, measured, controlled, documented, and validated.

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Cold Storage Management System:

What are its functionalities? It manages the Time how long a the good is going to be

stored in the cold storage  Offers Services like Temperature tracking– Offers the

location of the stored goods   Managing a cold Storage could be easily done

with i.e. Datex Foot Print Warehouse Management System 

It includes temperature capture, the ability to restrict inventory to specific temperature zones; catch weight; track and trace inventory by Lot, VAT code

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Cold Chain Management System

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgXqsajbwvo

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Cold Chain Management System

IMPORTANT FACTORS WHILE HANDLING COLD CHAIN LOGISTICS

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• Shipment in insulated shipping containers or other specialised packaging.

• Temperature data loggers and RFID tags help monitor the temperature history of the truck, warehouse, etc. and the temperature history of the product being shipped. They also can help determine the remaining shelf life.

• Documentation is critical. Customs delays occur due to inaccurate or incomplete customs paperwork, so basic guidelines for creating a commercial invoice should be followed:

Cold Chain Management System

Global Cold Chain Facts: Food Sector

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Fruits & Vegetables

Meat Fish & Seafood

Dairy Products

Beverages

In European countries and American, the rate of refrigerated transport is up to 80-90%, pre-cooling preservation is up to 80-100%, and the loss rate is below 5%.

25% of the total food production is processed foods.

Question

If you are of logistical company and your major product is fresh food

To presevere the fressnessh of food as supplier to your retailers what would you do?• Build more cold storage Warehouses • Invest on your Transportation• Anyother Suggestion

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Usage of Technology in Food Logistics:

Computers and Technlogy are essential in development of food Products.. Need to be updated with latest Technology Especially in Food manfacturing etc.Desinging ,

Processing managing operations, resources of plants. Most commanly used softwares are CAD, CAM,MRIPII

and CIM:

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Usage of Technology in Food Logistics

CAD• Nutritional analysis• Calculate costs, amounts• Packaging desingns• Production Flowcharts• HACCP Requirements

CAM• Monitor temperature ,

Weight,PH, quantites• Controlling Conveyorbelt

speed

MRPII• A method for the effective

planning of all resources of a manufacturing company.

CIM• CAD/CAM, process

controls, groups technology systems, MRPII, financial systems, etc., are linked and interfaced.

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Conclusion: Farmers problems... restiected markets...short term

contratcs food processeors and marketers receive big share a trust needs to built up between these strategic partners

Safety and environmental attributes should be cared CAD,CAM difficult to set up need skilled workers.

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Conclusion: 1/3 of food pakaging goes in waste that is 1.3 billion ton

per year.. Solution is flexible pakacaging Massive transportation of food over great distances

causes pollution peak oil and emission of CO2 Greenhouse effect causes DSD; TP& E , WMS

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http://logistics.about.com/od/operationalsupplychain/a/Warehouse-Zone-Storage.htm

http://www.evansdist.com/blog/2013/07/food-grade-warehouse/

http://www.refrigeration-equipment.com/walkins_manufacturing/web-6.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_packaging

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/design/foodtech/packaginglabellingrev4.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/design/foodtech/systemspracticesrev3.shtml

http://www.ift.org/knowledge-center/learn-about-food-science/become-a-food-scientist/introduction-to-the-food-industry/lesson-4/computers-in-design-and-manufacturing.aspx

http://www.foodsafetymagazine.com/magazine-archive1/octobernovember-2003/transportation-the-squeaky-wheel-of-the-food-safety-system/

http://www.economywatch.com/world-industries/food-industry.html

http://www.manh.com/resources/news/future-food-logistics40

Reference Links:

Reference Links:• http://candostreet.com/blog-parents/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/1782_fast_

food_hamburger_drink_and_french_fries.jpg• http://thisfitsme.com/2014/07/28/list-of-acidic-fruits-to-add-to-juicing-smoothi

es/• http://www.ediindia.org/Creed/data/Ramesh%20Mittal_files/image005.jpg• http://www.medwelljournals.com/fulltext/?doi=jftech.2010.74.81• http://www.rajkotfoodie.com/fast-foods.html• http://smartaldishopper.com/i-just-dont-get-it-why-pay-more-for-canned-veg

etables/• http://www.frozenfoodeurope.com/article/markets/eastern-europe%E2%80%

99s-emerging-frozen-food-market• http://www.foodproductiondaily.com/var/plain_site/storage/images• http://www.fwwarehousing.com/blog/fw-warehousing-food-grade-warehousi

ng-st-louis-mo-il-indianapolis-in-2/

• http://logistics.about.com/od/operationalsupplychain/a/Warehouse-Zone-Storage.html

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