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Topic-

Fly ash stabilization

contents

Introduction

Uses of fly ash stabilization

Factories producing fly ash

Benefits of fly ash

Applications

Introduction

• Fly ash is a fine grey powder consisting mostly of spherical glassy particles that are produced as a by-product in coal fired power stations. Fly ash has pozzolonic properties, meaning that it reacts with lime to form cementitious compounds. It is commonly known as a supplementary cementitious material.

Fly ash significantly improves concrete performance in different ways and also provides many benefits in cement and non-cement applications. Shown below are some micrographs of fly ash particles, taken using a Scanning Electron Microscope.

figure

Use of fly ash stabilization

• It is the process by which we can change the properties or design purpose .

• Stabilization is done by many method , some of main methods are here …..

1. cement stabilization

2. fly ash stabilization

3. lime stabilization

HOW ANY FACTORY PRODUCE FLY ASH

ZENITH MINING & CONSTRUCTION IS THE LARGEST FACTORY IN CHINA WHICH PRODUCE FLY ASH IN LARGE AMOUNT

.

HOW FACTORIES WORK

STRUCTURE OF INSTUMENTS HOW IT WORK

Benefits of fly ashThe use of fly ash in concrete can lead to many improvements in overall concrete performance. Some key benefits include:• Reduced Water Content• Improved Workability• Reduced Segregation• Improved Pumpability• Improved Finishing• Low Heat of Hydration• Lower Drying Shrinkage• Improved Long Term Strength• Decreased Permeability• Increased Durability• Improved resistance to Alkali Silica Reactivity• Improved resistance to Sulfate Attack• Low Chloride Ingress• Good Carbonation Protection• Reduced Efflorescence

Typical application of fly ashFly Ash is suitable for a wide variety of applications and uses. These include, but are not limited to:• Premixed Concrete• Precast Concrete• Concrete Road Pavements• Stabilized Road Base• Roller Constructed Concrete Dams• Roller Constructed Concrete Pavements• Shotcrete• Concrete Masonry• Flow able Fill• Mine and Land Fill• Geopolymer Concrete

Topic---

Grid floor

contents

• Definition

• Types of grid floor

• Uses

Definition:

“Grid floor” consist of closely spaced intersecting in 2

direction with monolithic slab on the top. It may be

looked as a thick slab with concrete removed from

tesion zone and to some extent even from

compression zone. Types of flooring is known sa

ribbed slab/ voided slab /waffle slab.

Types of grid floor

There are following types of grid floor ther are as follows:

A.Rectangle orthogrid

B.Square ortho grid

C.Dia grid

Types of grid

Ortho grid:- if the beam intersect at right angle to each other then it is called ortho grid. It may be consist of rectangle grid or square grid.

A: rectangle grid-------------

B : square grid ---------------

C: dia. Grid--------------------

Use of grid floor

The grid floors are build whenever a large column free flat roof is required.

They are economical up to size 10-25 M spans.

They are commonly used at entrances of collage building,office building.

For architectural purpose.

Topic----

North light shell roof

contents

• Definition

• Selection of shell parameter

• Advantages of NSR

Definition

• North light shell roof are an industrial roof design to maximize the amount of day light reaching inside the factory.

• This type of roof consist of series of parallel monopitch roof with glazing in the vertical edges below the ridges with usually faces north.

• This type of roof also known as “ curved roofs”.

Selection of shell parameter

• This span of north light shell is about 100ft without pre stressed and with prestresing span up to 150ft are possible.

• Column are placed at right angles to the span.

• Shells may be design longitudnally continuous over two or more span.

• Radius of these shells varies between 20ft to 40ft.

• It consist of 2 beams.

Advantages of north light shell roof

• North light shell roof provide ample and uniform day lighting.

• North light shell reduce the stress due to its arch shaped structure.

• These roofs have higher average luminance and provide better visibility

• Require less frame work.

• Cheap construction and provide pleasant and good appearance.

These are some example of nsr

Thank you

presented by Vikrant sharma

Nitika

Vinod (co.)