Fire basics 1-1-fundamentals

PresentsPresents

Fire Alarm FundamentalsFire Alarm Fundamentals(Based on Current NFPA Codes)

WARNING!!!!

As noted in earlier warnings, it is As noted in earlier warnings, it is imperative that you have a copy of imperative that you have a copy of the 2014 NEC and a copy of the 2013 the 2014 NEC and a copy of the 2013 NFPA 72 at hand when taking this NFPA 72 at hand when taking this course. course.

What it is What it is ……What this class isWhat this class is

• A review of fire alarm system A review of fire alarm system fundamentalsfundamentals

• A review of codes and standardsA review of codes and standards

What this class is notWhat this class is not• A complete course in Fire Alarm SystemsA complete course in Fire Alarm Systems• A NICET Test Preparation seminarA NICET Test Preparation seminar

What to expectWhat to expectReview Fire Alarm System FundamentalsReview Fire Alarm System Fundamentals

Why do we install fire alarm systems?Why do we install fire alarm systems? Fire alarm systems classificationFire alarm systems classification Fire alarm system componentsFire alarm system components NFPA 70-2014 article 760NFPA 70-2014 article 760 Fire alarm system riser diagramFire alarm system riser diagram Fire alarm system design fundamentalsFire alarm system design fundamentals Difference between a code and a standardDifference between a code and a standard

Chapter-by-Chapter Review of NFPA 72Chapter-by-Chapter Review of NFPA 72

AgendaAgendaPart 1 Fire Alarm System FundamentalsPart 1 Fire Alarm System FundamentalsPart 2 Initiating DevicesPart 2 Initiating DevicesPart 3 Protected Premises Fire Alarm SystemsPart 3 Protected Premises Fire Alarm SystemsPart 4 Notification AppliancesPart 4 Notification AppliancesPart 5 Supervising Station Fire Alarm SystemsPart 5 Supervising Station Fire Alarm SystemsPart 6 Public Fire Alarm Reporting SystemsPart 6 Public Fire Alarm Reporting SystemsPart 7 Inspection, Testing, & Maintenance Part 7 Inspection, Testing, & Maintenance Part 8 Fire Warning Equipment for Dwelling Part 8 Fire Warning Equipment for Dwelling

UnitsUnits

Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System FundamentalsFundamentals

Why do we install fire alarm systems?Why do we install fire alarm systems?

Fire alarm systems classificationFire alarm systems classification

Fire alarm system componentsFire alarm system components

Electrical requirementsElectrical requirements

Riser diagramRiser diagram

Design fundamentalsDesign fundamentals

Codes and standardsCodes and standards


• Life safety Life safety • Property protection Property protection • Mission continuity Mission continuity • Heritage preservationHeritage preservation• Environmental protectionEnvironmental protection

Why Are Fire Alarm Systems Installed?Why Are Fire Alarm Systems Installed?


Why do we install fire alarm systems?Why do we install fire alarm systems?

Fire alarm systems classificationFire alarm systems classification



Riser diagramRiser diagram



Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System ClassificationClassification

NFPA 72 1.3.1 Fire alarm systems shall be NFPA 72 1.3.1 Fire alarm systems shall be classified as follows:classified as follows:

(1)(1) Fire alarm systemsFire alarm systems(a)(a) Household fire alarm systemHousehold fire alarm system(b)(b) Protected premises (local) fire alarm systemsProtected premises (local) fire alarm systems

(2) (2) Supervising station alarm systems Supervising station alarm systems (a) Central station (service) alarm systems(a) Central station (service) alarm systems(b) Remote supervising station alarm systems(b) Remote supervising station alarm systems(c) Proprietary supervising station alarm systems(c) Proprietary supervising station alarm systems

(3) (3) Public fire reporting systems Public fire reporting systems (a) Auxiliary alarm systems — local energy type(a) Auxiliary alarm systems — local energy type(b) Auxiliary alarm systems — shunt type(b) Auxiliary alarm systems — shunt type


Why do we install fire alarm systems?Why do we install fire alarm systems? Fire alarm systems classificationFire alarm systems classification



Bringing it all together in a riser diagramBringing it all together in a riser diagram



Fire alarm control panelFire alarm control panelInitiating devicesInitiating devicesNotification appliancesNotification appliancesTransmitters and receiversTransmitters and receiversControl functionsControl functions

Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System ComponentsComponents

• Monitor circuit integrityMonitor circuit integrity– EveryEvery pathway pathway

• Provide powerProvide power– Two independent and reliable sourcesTwo independent and reliable sources

• Interface with other systemsInterface with other systems– Control functionsControl functions


Fire Alarm Control PanelFire Alarm Control Panel

FACPFACPInitiating devicesInitiating devicesNotification appliancesNotification appliancesTransmitters and receiversTransmitters and receiversControl functionsControl functions


• ManualManual– Pull station (evacuation)Pull station (evacuation)– Guard’s tour supervisory stationGuard’s tour supervisory station

• Automatic (spot-type and line-type)Automatic (spot-type and line-type)– Smoke-sensing (photoelectric, ionization & sampling)Smoke-sensing (photoelectric, ionization & sampling)– Heat-sensing (fixed temperature, rate-of-rise, comb.)Heat-sensing (fixed temperature, rate-of-rise, comb.)– Water-based suppression systemsWater-based suppression systems

• Alarm & supervisoryAlarm & supervisory– Radiant energy (flame, spark, and ember)Radiant energy (flame, spark, and ember)– Gas-sensing (CO, COGas-sensing (CO, CO22, H, H22O, ammonia, etc.)O, ammonia, etc.)

Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System ComponentsComponentsInitiating DevicesInitiating Devices

FACPFACPInitiating devicesInitiating devices

Notification appliancesNotification appliancesTransmitters and receiversTransmitters and receiversControl functionsControl functions



• AudibleAudible– Horn, bell, chime, Horn, bell, chime,

buzzerbuzzer• VisibleVisible

– StrobeStrobe– TextualTextual

• TactileTactile– Bed shakerBed shaker

Notification AppliancesNotification Appliances

FACPFACPInitiating devicesInitiating devicesNotification appliancesNotification appliances

Transmitters and receiversTransmitters and receiversControl functionsControl functions


• Active Multiplex (i.e. ScanAlert)Active Multiplex (i.e. ScanAlert)• DACT (digital dialer) & DART (SafeCom)DACT (digital dialer) & DART (SafeCom)• McCullohMcCulloh• Two-way RF Multiplex (i.e. AES)Two-way RF Multiplex (i.e. AES)• One-way Private Radio (King Fisher)One-way Private Radio (King Fisher)• Directly connected non-codedDirectly connected non-coded• Private MicrowavePrivate Microwave


Transmitters and receiversTransmitters and receivers

FACPFACPInitiating devicesInitiating devicesNotification appliancesNotification appliancesTransmitters and receiversTransmitters and receivers

Control functionsControl functions


– Elevator recallElevator recall– Air-handling unit fan shutdownAir-handling unit fan shutdown– Make-up air fan startupMake-up air fan startup– Door release serviceDoor release service– Damper controlDamper control

Fire Alarm System Fire Alarm System ComponentsComponentsControl functionsControl functions

Engineering

Fire basics 1-1-fundamentals