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Energy & Environment Engineering Presented By : Engr. Syed Arshad Imam Contact No: O3350375766,03132342208 Email Id : [email protected]

Energy & Environment Engg

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Dawood University Of Engineering & Technology

Energy & Environment EngineeringPresented By : Engr. Syed Arshad Imam Contact No: O3350375766,03132342208Email Id : [email protected]

Out Lines1)EnergyA) Types Of EnergyB) Forms Of EnergyC) Classification Of Energy D) Subject Related To EnergyEnergy Resource & EnvironmentPower Plant TechnologyBio Energy EngineeringNuclear Energy EngineeringHydro Power EngineeringSolar Energy EngineeringWind Energy EngineeringEnergy Policy & ManagementEnergy Conservation

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Continued2)EnvironmentA)Environmental ChangesB) Environmental SegmentsC) Environmental Pollution & TypesD) Subject Related To EnvironmentHealth Safety & EnvironmentPollution ControlSolid Waste ManagementEnvironmental Impact AssessmentWind Energy & Its environmental impactsHydro Energy & Its environmental impactsSolar Energy & It environmental impactsNuclear Energy & Its environmental impactsBio Mass & Its environmental impactsAtmospheric Chemistry3 )Other Subjects4) Relation Between Energy & Environment 5) Objective Of Energy & Environment Engineering

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1)EnergyEnergy is a property of matter that can be converted into work, heat or radiation.A)Types Of EnergyThere are 2 types of energy.1)Potential EnergyPotential energy is a that energy which is due to an objects position.Example; Chemical Energy, Nuclear Energy, Mechanical Energy ,Gravitational Energy2) Kinetic EnergyKinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.Example: Radiant Energy, Thermal Energy, Electrical Energy, Motion Energy.

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B)Form Of EnergyMechanical Mechanical energy is that energy which is store in object by the application of force.Example : Stretched rubber band & compressed springs.Thermal EnergyIt is the internal energy in substance.Example: Geothermal EnergyRadiant EnergyIt is electromagnetic energy that travel in transverse way.Example : Solar EnergyElectrical EnergyIt is the movement of electrons.Example : Light & Electricity.Chemical EnergyIt is a that energy which is stored in the bond of atom or molecule.Example : Biomass, Petroleum, Natural Gas & Coal.Nuclear EnergyIt is a that energy which is stored in the nucleolus of atom. Example: Nucleus of a uranium atom .

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C)Classification Of Energy Sources Energy source is classified in 2 ways.1)Renewable Energy Renewable energy sources unlimited by rate of use or non-depleting)Example; Wind, Solar , Geothermal , Hydro , Bio Energy.Solar EnergySolar energy is a combination of light & heat which is produce by sun.Wind EnergyWind energy is the energy of moving air.Hydro EnergyHydro energy is the energy of moving water.Bio EnergyBio energy is derived from biological source.Geothermal EnergyGeothermal energyis the heat from the earth.6

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2) Non Renewable Energy SourceNon renewable energy source limited in quantity or depletingExample ; Nuclear Energy, Coal , Gas , Petroleum and its product. Nuclear EnergyThe energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity.CoalCoalis a black or brownish rock. We burn coal to create energy.GasNatural gasis another fossil fuel that is trapped underground in reservoirs. It is mostly made up ofmethane. We burn gas also to produce energy. PetroleumPetroleumis a liquid fossil fuel. It is also called oil or crude oil.Petroleum is trapped by underground rock formations. We burn petroleum to produce energy.

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C) Subject Related To Energy EngineeringSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineEnergy Resource & EnvironmentTo give knowledge about the energy resource & environment.Environment, Environmental changes, Environmental segments, Forms of energy, Classification of energy, Fossil Fuels & its environmental impacts. Biomass, Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Hydro Power. Important of renewable energy resources.Power Plant TechnologyTo give knowledge about the power plant Fundamental.Steam power plant & its components, Hydro power Plant & its components, Gas power plant & its component, Feasibility of steam & hydro power plant.

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ContinueSubjectObjectiveCourse Out LineBio Energy Engineering To give knowledge about the bio energy and its importance.Introduction, Wet & Dry biomass, Sources & resources of biomass, Biomass Characteristic, Biomass conversion & processing technology (Combustion process, Chemical Conversion, Biochemical Process), Petrochemical & its types, Biofuel, Charcoal, Fermentation, Pyrolysis, Biogas, Fixed doom digester.Nuclear Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the nuclear energy.Introduction, Nuclear Fission & Fussion,Components of nuclear power plant. Type of reactor. Uranium extraction, Enrichment of uranium, Problems in reactor, Classification of nuclear waste. Method for the disposal of nuclear waste, Nuclear power plant in Pakistan.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineHydro Power EngineeringTo give knowledge about the hydro power.Introduction, Energy route of hydro power , Water resources on earth, History of hydro power, Hydro power in world, Hydro power resource in Pakistan, Types of hydro electric power plant & its component, Hydraulic turbine & its type, Site selection, Cost of hydro power project, Hydrologic Cycle,Solar Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the solar energy.Introduction , Application , Merits & Demerits, Phenomenon of light, Solar collector & its type, Solar pond, Solar distillation, Solar Furnace, Solar cooker , Solar pumping , Solar PV technology, Green House, Solar crop drying.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineWind Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the wind energy.Introduction, Local wind, Global wind, Seasonal wind, History of wind energy, Wind turbine and its types, Wind Turbine Components,Aerodynamics , Drag & lift force, Measuring instrument of wind speed, Gear box, Betz Law, Creation of wind, Beaufort scale, Wind energy conversion, Site selection, Pakistan wind energy scenario, Air foils uses & geometry, Wind wake , Wind map.Energy ConservationTo give knowledge about the energy conservation .Introduction, Objective ,Types of energy, Energy management, Energy audit, Role of energy engineer, Energy monitoring & targeting, Boiler, Sustainable development , Sustainable energy, Energy conservation in industrial & domestic sector.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineEnergy Policy & ManagementTo give knowledge about the energy policy & energy management in Pakistan.Introduction, Policy & its types, Energy Policy & its objective, Characteristics of a good policy, Important of policy, Introduction of management , Characteristics of management, Management process, Level of management, Barriers of renewable energy, Pakistan energy policy(2013-2018), Energy conservation aspects & principle, Energy monitoring equipment, Energy management control system, Technique of energy monitoring & measuring, Energy security, Energy management strategies,Efficient energy.

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2) Environment The surrounding in which a person , animal & plant are lives.Some Important Terms Of EnvironmentEcologyThe term of ecology deals with living & non-living thing organism in the relation to their surrounding.Micro OrganismVery small living thing which seen only with the help of micro scope.OrganismAny living thing, animal , plant which is capable of growth is known as organism.

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continuePathogensHarmful organisms which causes diseases are called pathogens. MicrobesMicro organism are simply called microbes.Eco-SystemBoth living & non thing component of environment are include in environment.BiodiversityVariety of life forms on earth is called biodiversity.

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A)Environmental ChangesEnvironment has been always changing some time slowly and sometime rapidly. Man and other organism are effected by these changing in the environment. Environment changes are carried out in two ways.Natural ChangesThese changes take place by natural process such as storms, flood , earthquake.Artificial ChangesThese changes are take place by activity of human begins such as transportation, industrial revolution , agricultural process etc.15

B)Segments Of Environment

There are 4 segments of environment.LithosphereThe solid component of the earth is called Lithosphere, which includes soil, earth, rocks and mountains etc.HydrosphereIt covers more than 75% of the earth surface either as oceans or as fresh water. Hydrosphere includes sea, rivers, oceans, lakes, ponds, streams etc.BiosphereThis segment of environment consists of atmosphere (air- 02, N2, C02). Lithosphere (land- minerals, salts, food, nutrients) and hydrosphere (water- dissolved oxygen, Salts) which influences and support the entire biotic and a biotic life systemsAtmosphereThe air envelope surrounding the earth is known as atmosphere. It extends to the height of about 1600 km from the earth surface. It consists of life saving gases like O2for human beings and animals and CO2for plants.16

PollutionThe introduction of a substance in to the environment by people liable to causes harm to ecological systems.Types Of PollutionThere are following important types of pollution.Air PollutionAir pollution is the contamination of air by smoke and harmful gases, mainly oxides of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen.Water PollutionWater pollution is the contamination of any body of water (lakes, groundwater, oceans, etc). Land PollutionLand pollution is the degradation of the Earth's surface caused by a misuse of resources and improper disposal of waste.Noise PollutionNoise pollution is any loud sounds that are harmful to humans and animals

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D) Subject Related To Environment EngineeringSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineHealth Safety & EnvironmentTo give knowledge about the various environmental health hazard and their safety method.Health(Water borne diseases, Air borne diseases,Cholera,Typhoid, Hepatitis, Dysentery).Safety (Industry safety, Safety & Productivity,Employes Participation in safety, Safety working environment, Industrial accidents, Causes Of accident, Occupational Hazard, Hazard control, Fire hazard , Source of fire hazard, Class of fire, Fire Extinguishers, Hazard Identification, PPEs,)Pollution ControlTo give knowledge about the pollution & their control.Pollution & its types, Environmental issue of Pakistan , Land pollution , Noise Pollution, Air Pollution ( Causes, Impacts, Control),Water Pollution( Sources ,Waste water constituents, Solid in waste water, Waste water treatment method & process.Nuclear waste & environment, Nuclear waste & disposal technique.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineSolid Waste ManagementTo give knowledge about the Solid waste & its management.Introduction, Sources, Types , Characteristics of solid waste, Incineration & environmental impacts, Hazardous waste ( Source, classification , Characteristics , Types , treatment , Land fill( Method, stages , site selection , Adverse impacts , reaction in land fill) , Composting , Leachate, Transfer station, Garbage.Environmental Impact AssessmentTo give knowledge about the role of EIA in projects.Introduction, EIA process( Screening, scoping, prediction & mitigation, management & monitoring, auditing,), Base line study, Public participation in EIA, Impact analysis & its method (Impact identification , Impact prediction, Impact evaluation), Types of impacts, Impact mitigation, Cost & benefits of EIA,QA & QC in EIA,NEQS,IEE & EIA regulation 2000.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineHydro Power EngineeringTo give knowledge about the environmental impacts of hydro power.Land use , air emissions , wild life, water resources , social impacts, health effects.Solar Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the solar energy .Land use, wild life , health.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineWind Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about theenvironmental impacts of wind energy.Land use , noise, bird death.Nuclear Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the environmental impacts of nuclear energy.Skin problem .cancer, lungs problempollute the ground water & land.

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ContinueSubjectsObjectiveCourse Out LineBio Energy EngineeringTo give knowledge about the environmental impacts of bio energy.GHG , health, air pollution.Environmental ChemistryTo give knowledge about the environment.Environment, environmental segments, water and its types, soil & its types , ozone layer , global warming , atmosphere. Environmental changes , Fossil fuel & their environmental impacts (Acid rain , global warming, land pollution , water pollution, air pollution).

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4)Other SubjectsElectrical TechnologyFuel & CombustionHeat & Mass TransferEngineering MaterialThermodynamicFluid MechanicsAdvance Clean Coal TechnologyRefinery EngineeringPetroleum & Gas Exploration23

5)Relation b/w Energy & Environment

Energy & Environment have a strong relation ship.The production & consumption of energy is one of the biggest problem to causes of environmental damage on earth.Energy production causes some environmental problem such as acid rain, global warming, smog as well as causes some health problem such as asthma , cancer etc.Energy efficiency is conserve the energy and help to reduce the pollution.

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ContinueEnergy efficiency and renewable energy is a twin pillar of a sustainable energy.In many country energy efficiency and renewable energy is seen as a national security benefits because it reduce the level of energy imports from foreign oil.Increases the share of sustainable renewable energy in the energy production is a best way to make a friendly environment.

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6) Objective Of Energy & Environment EngineeringDue to energy crisis in Pakistan Quaid e- Awam University Of Engineering , Science & Technology was started the Energy &Environment Engineering in 2005 with the hope to control the energy crisis & make friendly environment. With this vision Dawood University Of Engineering & Technology was also started Energy &Environment Engineering in 2011.Causes Of Energy CrisisThere are some causes of energy crisis in Pakistan.Aging of equipmentWaste of energyHigh cost of fuelUn use coal.

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Effect Of Energy CrisisEnergy crisis badly effects EducationEffect on IndustriesEffects on EconomyHigher electricity pricesEffect on agricultureUnemployment increases

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Current Status Of Energy Demand , Supply & Short Fall In PakistanEnergy DemandDemand of electricity in Pakistan is 21,000MW. Electricity demand is increasing by 10 % annually in Pakistan.Energy SupplyAt this time Pakistan produce electricity up to 15,500 MW while present installed capacity is 22,797 MW.Short FallIn the beginning of the year 2015, the total shortfall was 5,500 MW and it is expected to increase up to 7,600 MW in the year 2016.

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The objective of Energy & Environment Engineering in Pakistan. T0 reduce the short fallTo reduce energy costTo protect environmentTo increases efficiencyTo increases profitTo reduce the additional consumption of energy.To promote sustainable development.29

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