Electrical Installation System In Building And Air Conditioning System

DCC 6242 – Basic Building Services

Lecturer :

Puan Asyikin Fahmi

Members :

Muhammad Harith Bin Hatta

14DKA14F2067

Syed Mahmood Bin Syed Abd Halim

14DKA14F2002

Muhamad Danial Haqqim Bin Zakiruddin

14DKA14F2059

Mohammad Ariff Bin Mansor

14DKA14F2065

INDEX

CONTENT PAGES

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND BUILDING

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

WIRING ELECTRIC BUILDING

PICTURES AND PLAN

CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

INTRODUCTION

Introduction to Electrical Building Services provides a practical introduction to electrical theory and electrical building services systems to enable delegates to communicate more effectively with specialists such as electrical designers, consultants and contractors. It will enable the non-electrically minded to comprehend the discussions and requirements surrounding the subject.

Building wiring is the electrical wiring and associated devices such as switches, meters and light fittings used in buildings or other structures. Electrical wiring uses insulated conductors.

Wires and cables are rated by the circuit voltage, temperature and environmental conditions (moisture, sunlight, oil, chemicals) in which they can be used, and their maximum current. Wiring safety codes vary by country, and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is attempting to standardise wiring amongst member countries. Colour codes are used to distinguish line, neutral and earth (ground) wires.

Air conditioning is the process of removing heat from a confined space, thus cooling the air, and removing humidity. Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial environments. This process is used to achieve a more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans or animals; however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and store artwork.

Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Electric refrigerant-based AC units range from small units that can cool a small bedroom, which can be carried by a single adult, to massive units installed on the roof of office towers that can cool an entire building. The cooling is typically achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes evaporation or free cooling is used. Air conditioning systems can also be made based on desiccants (chemicals which remove moisture from the air) and subterraneous pipes that can distribute the heated refrigerant to the ground for cooling.

BACKGROUND BUILDING

Melaka hotel in the heart of historySet in the heart of historical City of Melaka, Ramada Plaza Melaka is a five star international hotel managed by Wyndham Hotel Group. We strive to provide an unforgetable escapade into timeless luxury.

Discover UNESCO world heritage sites, setting off from the hotel's central location. The concierge desk offers the option of complimentary shuttle services to main attractions such as Jonker Walk and shopping centres within mere minutes.

Location

Set in the heart of Historical Melaka, Ramada Plaza Melaka is conveniently located just minutes away from UNESCO World Heritage sites, blending old-world charm with modern luxuries and superior services for business and leisure guests. Cultural and heritage sites such as the St Peter’s Church, A’ Famosa Fort, St Paul's Hill, Stadthuys Buildings, Jonker Street, Kampung Morten and Melaka River and Shopping Centres are located within walking distance from the hotel.

Rooms & Suites

Spacious guest rooms' offers remarkable ocean and river views are distinctively equipped with complimentary Wi-Fi and high speed internet access, in-room safe and comfortable bedding.

294 rooms, all with spectacular views 17 suites, all with separate living areas 40 club rooms with full Ramada Plaza Club service

Dining

We offer a wide choice of cuisines, an array of delectable dishes in our restaurants, lounge and bar.

All day dining at Zest Classic and authentic Szechuan and Cantonese cuisines at Long Feng Italian food with engineered a-la-carte menu and popular thin crusted

pizza at Olio Afternoon tea, light snacks and unwind in the evening with music

rendezvous at Famosa Lounge Alfresco poolside dining at Melaka Garden

Meeting & EventsOur functional meeting spaces, dedicated event team and impeccable organizational skills have made us the pre-eminent meeting and event venue in Melaka.

Bunga Raya Grand Ballroom Bendahara, Junior Ballroom Six function rooms Wedding packages Catering for up to 600 guests Complimentary Wi-Fi and high speed internet access Business Centre

Ramada Plaza Club FloorOur luxurious and dedicated Ramada Plaza Club Lounge offers exclusive environment located on top level commands a panoramic view of Straits of Malacca as well the quaint traditional Malay village.

Breakfast, all day coffee/tea and evening cocktails Complimentary one hour use of Club Floor boardroom facilities Complimentary pressing of suit/dress per stay Wi-Fi and high speed internet access

Recreation FacilitiesWhile you relax and unwind at our recreation facilities, enjoy the stunning view of ocean and serenity sunset from level 9th.

9ft depth and free-form pool Children pool Fully equipped Fitness Centre Alfresco Melaka Garden poolside

Technician in charge:

Mr. Rashid Bin Ramli

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Trend hotel use a split unit air conditioner

Wall-mounted inverter split system air conditioning is an ideal solution to cool or heat just one room or area of your home or office.

Split system air conditioning systems consist of an indoor wall mounted unit that blows cool air into the room, and an outdoor unit that dissipates the heat from the cooled area. Refrigerants are used to cool or heat the air.

Bra mar split systems utilize DC inverter technology, which means that they automatically regulate the power applied to the compressor to provide more precise climate control, while using less energy.

The split system range includes models ranging from 1.0hp to 2.0hp in cooling capacity.

The indoor unit also suits the multi split air conditioning system, thus delivering a consistent appearance throughout when multi split system installations are mixed with single split systems.

Each rooms in RAMADA PLAZA provide one split unit air conditioner.

Example flow of split unit air conditioner

RAMADAhotel split unit air conditioner

WIRING ELECTRIC BUILDING

Trend hotel using concealed wire system

Advantages :1. The weather condition cannot effect on this system.2. This wiring seems good and beautiful.3. There is no risk of electric shock.4. Durable and have a long life.

Disadvantages :1. Fault finding process is difficult.2. Wiring installation is difficult.3. Alternations are difficult.

Example of conduit wiring in RAMADA HOTEL

MAINTENANCE SISTEM AIR-CONDITIONER

Air Conditioner Filters

The most important maintenance task that will ensure the efficiency of your air conditioner is to routinely replace or clean its filters. Clogged, dirty filters block normal airflow and reduce a system's efficiency significantly. With normal airflow obstructed, air that bypasses the filter may carry dirt directly into the evaporator coil and impair the coil's heat-absorbing capacity. Replacing a dirty, clogged filter with a clean one can lower your air conditioner's energy consumption by 5% to 15%.

For central air conditioners, filters are generally located somewhere along the return duct's length. Common filter locations are in walls, ceilings, furnaces, or in the air conditioner itself. Room air conditioners have a filter mounted in the grill that faces into the room.

Some types of filters are reusable; others must be replaced. They are available in a variety of types and efficiencies. Clean or replace your air conditioning system's filter or filters every month or two during the cooling season. Filters may need more frequent attention if the air conditioner is in constant use, is subjected to dusty conditions, or you have fur-bearing pets in the house.

Air Conditioner Coils

The air conditioner's evaporator coil and condenser coil collect dirt over their months and years of service. A clean filter prevents the evaporator coil from soiling quickly. In time, however, the evaporator coil will still collect dirt. This dirt reduces airflow and insulates the coil, reducing its ability to absorb heat. To avoid this problem, check your evaporator coil every year and clean it as necessary.

Outdoor condenser coils can also become very dirty if the outdoor environment is dusty or if there is foliage nearby. You can easily see the condenser coil and notice if dirt is collecting on its fins.

You should minimize dirt and debris near the condenser unit. Your dryer vents, falling leaves, and lawn mower are all potential sources of dirt and debris. Cleaning the area around the coil, removing any debris, and trimming foliage back at least 2 feet (0.6 meters) allow for adequate airflow around the condenser.

Coil Fins

The aluminum fins on evaporator and condenser coils are easily bent and can block airflow through the coil. Air conditioning wholesalers sell a tool called a "fin comb" that will comb these fins back into nearly original condition.

Condensate Drains

Occasionally pass a stiff wire through the unit's drain channels. Clogged drain channels prevent a unit from reducing humidity, and the resulting excess moisture may discolor walls or carpet.

Window Seals for Room Air Conditioners

At the start of each cooling season, inspect the seal between the air conditioner and the window frame to ensure it makes contact with the unit's metal case. Moisture can damage this seal, allowing cool air to escape from your house.

Preparing for Winter

In the winter, either cover your room air conditioner or remove and store it. Covering the outdoor unit of a central air conditioner will protect the unit from winter weather and debris.

Hiring a Professional

When your air conditioner needs more than regular maintenance, hire a professional service technician. A well-trained technician will find and fix problems in your air conditioning system.

The technician should:

Check for correct amount of refrigerant Test for refrigerant leaks using a leak detector Capture any refrigerant that must be evacuated from the system, instead

of illegally releasing it to the atmosphere Check for and seal duct leakage in central systems Measure airflow through the evaporator coil Verify the correct electric control sequence and make sure that the

heating system and cooling system cannot operate simultaneously Inspect electric terminals, clean and tighten connections, and apply a non-

conductive coating if necessary

Oil motors and check belts for tightness and wear Check the accuracy of the thermostat.

AIR CONDITIONER DIVISSION

Utilizing the extensive air conditioning technology cultivated since developing Japan's first air conditioner in 1951, Daikin continues to provide air conditioners, systems, and solution services offering even greater comfort to the various life scenes of our global customers. Beginning, unsurprisingly, with the familiar living spaces of the home as well as those found in offices and neighborhood shops, we extend air comfort to large installations at factories, dome stadiums, and airports and even reach those specialized interior spaces of hospitals and restaurant kitchens. In each case, Daikin answers a wide array of customer needs with products and technology that address specific issues in all types of climates around the world.

Drawn to making "contributions to the global environment made possible only by Daikin," we continue to be actively involved in confronting global environmental problems as part of our corporate responsibility in being a leading global manufacturer of air conditioning equipment.For example, heat pumps and inverters are receiving attention as technologies that can play an active role in achieving a low-carbon society. Air conditioners and heating equipment incorporating these technologies are recognized internationally as equipment that lessens environmental impact, and we are committed to promoting their development and widespread use as environmentally conscious products.

Each global region has its own particular air conditioning needs. To provide the best air conditioning solution available requires knowledge of the people, their lifestyles, and their climate from a sales perspective reflective of these needs in product design and development, manufacturing, installation, and after-sales service.

Realizing the importance of close proximity to global markets, Daikin made local production the cornerstone of its product development, manufacturing, and sales approach. Along with its factories in Japan, Daikin established a production base in Belgium in 1972 followed by factories in Thailand in 1990, China in 1995, and the Czech Republic in 2003 for a global manufacturing system that supplies quality products that meet the specific needs of each region worldwide. Maintaining its approach for local production, Daikin made strategic acquisitions in North America of two major US manufacturers, OYL Group including McQuay , in 2007, and Goodman Global in 2012 in its quest to provide air comfort to every corner of the world.

ELECTRIC SUPPLY SYSTEM AT TREND HOTEL

1. ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER (TNB)

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. ... This varying magnetic field at the secondary winding induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in the secondary winding due to electromagnetic induction.

2. ELECTRICITY METER

An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically powered device.Electric utilities use electric meters installed at customers' premises to measure electric energy delivered to their customers for billing purposes.They are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour [kWh]. They are usually read once each billing period.

3. MAIN SWITCH

A main switch is a central cut-off switch that controls the smaller cut-off switches and machines of a building. The main switch can be cut off by a human or a computerized system to control the flow of power in the building.

4. DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER METER

Distribution meter is used for dividing the electric channel from one network to break into several series of electric drain channel with the same voltage for every room.

SYSTEM ELECTRIC

Main drivers:

Hotels chain are competing for offering the best delight to their guest, peace of mind, security, while reducing their energy expenses. Moreover, big chain Hotel are pushing for Green to strengthen their image.

Hotels managers need partner that can audit their installations, and build consistent and comprehensive architectures to deliver availability of energy to their guest, and optimizing the consumption.

 

Solution in brief

 A consistent architecture for addressing the electrical system and its monitoring that optimize operation

 

Value proposition

Security for the whole Electrical distribution system, availability for critical loads ( lifts, computers, security, management system, booking...) to provide hoteliers tools to maximize their operational efficiency.

 

Differentiation factors:

Schneider Electric has the capabilities to be a "ONE supplier" of the Electrical system, providing all the electrical devices, monitoring system, services from design , execution contract, and after sales.

For Hoteliers, the responsibility of the global solution is clear, and any discrepancy can be managed by  ONE single point of contact.

Wide range of products all over the world Services: design, contract execution, audits, life cycle services Consistent and comprehensive Electrical system which fits with Hoteliers

requirements

Solution architecture

 

Main characteristics

 

LV or MV substation Floor switchboard LV switchboards in the other services Guest room switchboard Measures and Power monitoring Capacitor bank worth reactor

What can Schneider Electric do?

Guest Room Control - The Guestrooms represent around 70% of the space in an hotel and are the center of the Guest experience. Lighting, temperature & blinds, safe, Mini-bar, Door-entry system are some key elements of the room. Innovative solutions can reduce the energy consumption and increase the customer experience. Integration of the Guestroom to the Building Management System & Property Management System can as well increase value proposition.

Building Management - Hotels are complex buildings with several processes working in parallel: Specialized Guest Management systems,

Specialized Entertainment Systems, HVAC Management systems, Entry & CCTV Systems. Those systems needs a strong IP infrastructure and a centralized point of control. Main benefit is the reduction of the investment, the maintenance cost and the increase of visibility on all the different processes. This solutions need to be adapted to the size and the complexity of each Hotel.

Energy Efficiency - Hotels are very sensitive to Energy Consumption and communicate on Environmental Friendly approach. HVAC, Hot Water, Lighting needs are found in public and private parts of the Hotels. Schneider Energy Efficient solutions can be adapted to the Hotel market taking into account the importance of the Guest comfort versus the economy.

Loop-in or Looping System

The wiring system in this building are loop-in or looping system. This method of wiring is universally used in wiring. Lamps and other appliances are connected in parallel so that each of the appliances can be controlled individually. When a connection is required at a light or switch, the feed conductor is looped in by bringing it directly to the terminal and then carrying it forward again to the next point to be fed.

The switch and light feeds are carried round the circuit in a series of loops from one point to another until the last on the circuit is reached. The phase or line conductors are looped either in switchboard or box and neutrals are looped either in switchboard or from light or fan. Line or phase should never be looped from light or fan.

Advantages of Loop-In Method of Wiring

It doesn’t require joint boxes and so money is saved In loop – in systems, no joint is concealed beneath floors or in roof

spaces. Fault location is made easy as the points are made only at outlets so that

they are accessible.

Disadvantages of Loop-In Method of Wiring

Length of wire or cables required is more and voltage drop and copper losses are therefore more

Looping – in switches and lamp holders is usually difficult.

SAFETY IN USING ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

FLOW OF ELECTRIC IN THE TREND HOTEL

1. ELECTRIC FROM TRANSFORMER TO ELECTRICITY METER.

2. FROM ELECTRIC METER TO MAIN SWITCH.

3. FROM MAIN SWITCH TO DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER METER.

4. FROM DISTRIBUTION TRANFORMER METER THEN DIVIDED INTO OTHER ROOM.

CONCLUSION

Conclusion of RAMADA HOTEL is the hotel using the system and the terms of wiring to comply with the law. RAMADA HOTEL using split unit air conditioner uses 1.0 hp to 2.0 hp.RAMADA HOTEL use a concealed wire in the building so it lower the risk of electric shock. At RAMADA HOTEL they also provides a water heater, television and sockets in every room.

RAMADA HOTEL chain was able to build a well known brand throughout the world , to enchant the guest ( more repetive ones )

APPENDIX

WATER HEATER PROVIDES IN EVERY ROOM

EXIT SIGNS PROVIDE AT TREND HOTEL

WATER KETTEL AT ROOM

ROOM SERVICE TELEPHONE