Project Guide

Dr. Pravin P Patil

(Dean Research)

Graphic Era University, Dehradun

Design & Analysis of a Helical

cross-flow Hydrokinetic Turbine (CFHT)

Using CFD

Submitted by :

Arpit Dwivedi (2002689)

Himanshu Joshi (2003236)

Anish Anand (2002673)

CONTENTS Introduction

Project motivation

Cross flow Turbine and Power Generation

Literature Survey

Important Parameters

Design Methodology

Design Parameters & Boundary Conditions

Results

Conclusions

Scope of Future Work

References

INTRODUCTION

Need for Untainted , environmentally benign

Energy . (Why Renewables ?)

K.E of water Currents in Rivers, Oceans &

Estuaries

Development of wind turbines & Research in

MHK.

Axial Flow Vs Cross Flow Turbines

Drag Type Vs Lift Types Turbines

Project Motivation

Energy Crisis and its impact

250000 MW hydro potential in India

Still only 14.5 % is utilized (a lot of scope there……………….!)

Research in Wind Turbine analysis has reached a saturation level .

The Industry for Marine Hydrokinetic Turbine is still in its

infancy

Concepts of wind turbine analysis are utilized there,

literature is still to be developed (intensive research going on)

Cross Flow Turbine and Power

Generation

Rotates at twice the velocity of water current flow.

Rotates in the same direction, independent of water flow direction

No fluctuations in Torque

No cavitation even at Higher speeds

Modular in Design

In the report Gorlov prepared for the DOE(dept of energy) in

1998 he claims an efficiency value of “about 35%" for a 3 bladed,

24" diameter by 34" height turbine in free water flow of 5 ft/s .

Literature Survey

A wide variety of Literature regarding Design and Analysis of wind & MHK

Turbines was done.

These were the findings.

The power available is proportional to the velocity cubed.

The flow field is unsteady and 3-dimensional

Drag and lift coefficients are largely dependent on angle of attack.

NACA Symmetrical profiles are selected as forces reverse after 180 degrees

of rotation

The Drag and Lift forces generated due to flow, generate a torque about the

central axis.

Important Parameters

NACA 0018 Symmetrical

profile

With 18 % thickness to chord

length ratio

Blade Profile : Cubic Spline

Pitch = 706 mm

Taper angle = 2

Solidity Ratio ( σ) = nC/пd

Inclination Angle (Φ) = tan‾1(nh/пd)

Figure 2 Top View (Gorlov Turbine)

Design Methodology

Modelling was done in Catia V5 with modifications in Ansys 14.5

Design Parameters & Boundary

Conditions

MESHING

Meshing was chosen as fine and relevance was taken 0.

No of nodes obtained were 1329267, and no of elements

created were 7447633. Cross section of the turbine

Fine meshing across the region of

turbine cross section.

Meshing on Proximity and

Curvature

Aluminium 5086 (marine grade aluminium) was defined with density of

2660 kg/m3. Water was selected as a fluid medium.

After boundary conditions were applied the hydrostatic pressure was

defined according to the depth of the turbine from the free surface and the

inlet velocity was chosen as 1.5m/sec and the pressure was taken as

104255 pascals(Pa) which was kept uniform at inlet and outlet.

RESULTS

Figure : (a) Profile of Dynamic Pressure (b) Contours of

Pressure Coefficient

FIGURE : (a) Profile of Velocity Magnitude (b) Contours of Turbulent

Kinetic Energy

Figure : (a)Profile of Velocity in Y Direction (b) Velocity Vector Colored by

Velocity magnitude

Wall Shear Vector

SCALED RESIDUES

Cl and Cd

This project specifies the parameters on which the static analysis of a cross flow

turbine depends. It specifies the difference between usual wind turbine theories and

their applicability in tidal turbine analysis.

This successful implementation of this project will help in eradicating power

demands.

This project is capable of producing energy both in small and large magnitudes with

very less cost implementation than any other hydro power project which involve

constructions of large dams and then tunnels. Thus this project has a vast scope in a

country like India where number of seasonal and non seasonal river flows.

Conclusions and Future work

The same analysis can be performed for varying solidity ratio, by

changing the no. of blades or the chord length of the profile or

changing the radius of the plate, it’s dependency can be checked and

verified.

We have performed the analysis for tip speed ratio = 0 , behavior

can be studied by varying it.

Torque and power can be calculated by defining specific UDF(user

defined functions)

Dynamic Analysis of the rotating turbine can be done by using

SRF(Single reference model), MRF(Multiple Reference model) and

Sliding Mesh Technique.

FUTURE SCOPE

Due to it’s wide applicability in Hydrokinetic applications, the

analysis can be performed for different areas with different

boundary conditions.

As per literature Survey the Results obtained by CFD studies

are in accordance with the experimental investigations. However

with regard to local Flora and fauna , experimental investigation

can be performed by making a suitable scale model and

calculation of parameters.

REFERENCES[1] Oliver Paish , “Small hydro power: technology and current status” Renewable

and Sustainable Energy Reviews 6 (2002) 537–556

[2] http://www.gcktechnology.com/GCK/pg2.html

[3] Energy Alternatives India (EAI), http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/hyd/hyd.html

[4] S. Latin and C. Osorio. Simulation and evaluation of a straight-bladed Darrieus-

type cross flow marine turbine. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 69

(12):906–912, 2010.

[5] S. Li and Y. Li. Numerical study on the performance effect of solidity on the

straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine. 2010 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy

Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2010 - Proceedings, pages IEEE Power and

Energy Society (PES); State Grid of China; Siemens Ltd.; Sichuan University;

[6] Experimental and Analytical Study of Helical Cross-Flow Turbines for a Tidal

Micropower Generation System Adam L. Niblick

[7] M.R. Castelli and E. Benini. Effect of Blade Inclination Angle on a Darrieus

Wind Turbine. Journal of Turbomachinery-Transactions of the ASME, 134(3),

2012.

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(6):44 { 47, 2004.

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current turbines for energy production. Renewable Energy, 28(14):2205 { 2211,

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[15] T Javaherchi. Numerical modeling of tidal turbines: Methodology development

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