Concentrating Solar Power

Presented By: Sanket Shitole

INTRODUCTION

HOW CSP WORKS?

WHY CSP?

TYPES OF CSP SYSTEM

CSP DEPLOYMENT

CSP IN INDIA

INDEX

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is electricity generated from mirrors to focus sunlight on to a receiver that captures the sun’s energy and converts it into heat that can run a standard turbine generator or engine.

INTRODUCTION

• Clean, reliable power from domestic renewable energy• Operate at high annual efficiencies – Firm power delivery when integrated with thermal storage• Easily integrated into the power grid• Boosts national economy by creating many new solar companies and jobs

Why CSP?

1)Parabolic Trough 2)Solar Tower

3)Dish Engine

4)Linear Fresnel Reflectors

TYPES OF CSP SYSTEM

Parabolic Trough

Parabolic trough systems consist of parallel rows of mirrors (reflectors) curved in one dimension to focus the sun’s rays. The mirror arrays can be more than 100 m long with the curved surface 5 m to 6 m across. Stainless steel pipes (absorber tubes) with a selective coating serve as the heatcollectors.

Solar Tower

Solar towers,also known ascentral receiver systems (CRS),use hundreds or thousands of small reflectors(called heliostats)to concentrate the sun’s rays ona central receiver placed a top a fixed tower. Some commercial tower plants now in operation use DSG in the receiver; others use molten salts as both the heat transfer fluid and storage medium.

Dish engine

Parabolic dishes concentrate the sun’s rays at a focal point propped above the centre of the dish. The entire apparatus tracks the sun, with the dish and receiver moving in tandem. Most dishes have an independent engine/generator(such as a Stirling machine or a micro-turbine) at the focal point. This design eliminates the need for a heat transfer fluid and for cooling water.

Linear Fresnel Reflectors

Linear Fresnel reflectors (LFRs) approximate the parabolic shape of trough systems but by using long rows of flat or slightly curvedmirrors to reflect the sun’s rays onto downward-facing linear, fixed receiver. A more recent design, known as compact linear Fresnel reflectors (CLFRs), uses two parallel receivers for each row of mirrors and thus needs less land than parabolic troughs to produce a given output

Energy Payback (Input vs. Output) – The energy payback time of CSP systems is about 5 months.

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation – CSP power plants generate significantly lower levels of greenhouse gases and other emissions.

Toxic Emissions – CSP is clean, non-polluting, and has no carbon emissions

Health & Safety – The health and safety risks associated with CSP power plants are the same for any power plant.

Key Environmental Topics

Although CSP currently requires higher capitalinvestments than some other energy sources, itoffers considerable long-term benefits becauseof minimum fuel costs for backup/hybridization.Moreover, initial investment costs are likely tofall steadily as plants get bigger, competitionincreases, equipment is mass produced,technology improves and the financial communitygains confidence in CSP. In the near term, theeconomics of CSP will remain more favourable forpeak and intermediate loads than for base loads.

Economic perspectives:

This roadmap foresees a rapid expansion of CSP

capacities in countries or regions with excellent DNI, and computes its electricity production as progressively growing percentages of the overall consumption forecast in IEA climate

friendly scenarios in these regions . In neighboring but less sunny regions, a lower contribution of CSP electricity is expected,

which mixes local production and electricity from nearby sunnier areas.

CSP deployment

Countries 2020 2030 2040 2050

Australia, Central Asia,4 Chile, India(Gujarat, Rajasthan), Mexico, Middle East,North Africa, Peru, South Africa, UnitedStates (Southwest)

5% 12% 30% 40%

United States (remainder)

3% 6% 15% 20%

Europe (mostly from imports), Turkey

3% 6% 10% 15%

Africa (remainder), Argentina, Brazil,India (remainder)

1% 5% 8% 15%

China, Russia (from imports)

0.5% 1.5% 3% 4%

Electricity from CSP plants as shares of total electricity consumption

CSP IN INDIA

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission recognizes CSP as a key source of renewable power. The ministry of new and renewable energy is setting up a string of demonstration projects. A 10 mw CSP plant is already under construction near Bikaner by ACME, a private company.

As the world's finite supplies of traditional fossil fuels are consumed at a voracious rate by a continually industrializing world, the development and use of non-conventional sources of energy is becoming ever more important for the future of the planet.so CSP is a promissing technology for future development in power sector.

conclusion

Solar Energy Technnologies Program www.eere.energy.gov/solar

IEA (2009b), Renewable Energy Essentials: Concentrating Solar Power, OECD/IEA,

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

Reference

THANK YOUYour questions are welcome