COLOR FASTNESS TO DOMESTIC

AND COMMERCIAL LAUNDERING (ISO 105

C06)

TP - 4033

11-NTU-126 Basit Hayat 11-NTU-118 AbdulBasit

11-NTU-127 Easar Karim 11-NTU-150 M.Umer Nafees

11-NTU-130 Hamid Ali 11-NTU-155 Saad Ali Ammar

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INTRODUCTION

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This test determines • the loss & change of color in the

washing process by a consumer;• the possible staining of other garments

or lighter portion that may be washed with it;

• the performance of any dyed or printed textile product to the common washing process using a detergent and additives.

TEST EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES

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• Wash wheel • Standard reference detergents without

Optical Brighteners, either ECE or AATCC

• Multifibre Fabric • Stainless Steel Balls • Bleach & Bleach activators • Grade 3 Water • Assessment facilities

TEST EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES

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Wash wheel pots and

stainless steel balls

AATCC & ECE Standard Reference Detergents

SDC DW Multifibre Fabric

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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Suitable mechanical device, consisting of a water bath containing a rotatable shaft which supports, radially, stainless steel containers (75 mm ± 5 mm diameter ×125 mm ± 10 mm high) of capacity 550 ml ± 50 ml, the bottom of the containers being 45 mm ± 10 mm from the center of the shaft.The shaft/container assembly is rotated at a frequency of (40 ± 2) /min. The temperature of the water bath is at the prescribed temperature ±2°C.

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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Non-corrodible (stainless) steel balls, approximately 6 mm in diameterAdjacent fabrics• a multifibre adjacent fabric (DW)

containing wool and acetate (tests at 40°C and 50°C and in certain cases, to be indicated in the test report, also at 60°C);

• a multifibre adjacent fabric (TV) not containing wool and acetate (in certain tests at 60°C, and in all tests at 70°C and 95°C).

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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Detergent, without optical brightener. A minimum volume of 1 litre of detergent solution shall be prepared, because of possible lack of homogeneity of the detergent powder.Either of two detergents may be used:a) AATCC Reference Detergent WOB.The detergent is low-sudsing; the surfactants composing the detergent are anionic, with a small proportion of non-ionic, and are biodegradable.

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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b) In countries where perborates are used in laundering, the ECE Reference Detergent for colour fastness testing, without optical brightener, may be used.If required, sodium carbonate(Na2CO3)Sodium hypochlorite or lithium hypochlorite.

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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ISO 3696 StandardISO: International Organization for Standardization

Parameter Grade 3Conductivity µS/cm < 5pH at 25°C 5.0 -7.0Oxidizable matter Oxygen (02) content mg/l < 0.4

Grade 3 Water

APPARATUS, MATERIALS AND REAGENTS

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Grey Scales for Assessment

Assessment being done in standard

lighting conditions

PRINCIPLE

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A specimen of the textile in contact with specified adjacent fabric or fabrics is laundered, rinsed and dried. Specimens are laundered under appropriate conditions of temperature, alkalinity, bleaching and abrasive action such that the result is obtained in a conveniently short time. The abrasive action is accomplished by the use of a low liquor ratio and an appropriate number of steel balls. The change in colour of the specimen and the staining of the adjacent fabric or fabrics are assessed by comparison with the grey scales.

PROCEDURE IN BRIEF

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• Specimens are cut either in 40 x 100 mm size (ISO) or 50 x 100 mm.

• A Multifibre swatch is attached to the specimens. Care must be taken to ensure all colours in the specimen are covered in the test .

• A wash liquor is prepared using Grade 3 water, the appropriate detergent and additives.

• The detergents that are specified are AATCC Standard Reference Detergents.

PROCEDURE IN BRIEF

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• The composite specimen + multifibre is placed in the wash wheel pot containing wash liquor, with additives and steel balls as may be required.

• The wash wheel is then run for the appropriate time duration.

• The specimens are then removed, rinsed and dried instill air at temperatures not exceeding 60°C.

• Once dry and conditioned, assessment is carried out.

ASSESSMENT

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Colorfastness to washing is assessed in three ways: • Change in shade – loss of color or

tone as compared to the original unwashed sample

• Extent of staining on the multifibre sample.

• Self staining if any. Standard grey scales are used for the assessment where grades between 1 and 5 are given in half steps. Assessment needs to be done with clean grey scales using masks and under standardized lighting conditions in a dark room.

ASSESSMENT

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Sample of rug showing shade change and

staining in the colourfastness to washing

test

Colourfastness to washing specimen showing unacceptable loss of colour

SUMMARY OF TEST CONDITIONS

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CONCLUSION

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The test for colourfastness to washing is one of the most basic colourfastness tests used by customers to evaluate end products. The processor is required to understand the product and its requirements so as to select the colouration techniques and processes accordingly.