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Introduction to :

Circuit breakers

Circuit breakers

A circuit breaker is an automatically

operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical

circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its

basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt

current flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then

must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either

manually or automatically) to resume normal operation.

Miniature circuit breakers Molded case circuits brakers

Motor protective circuit breakers Vacuum

Thermal circuit-breakers High voltage

Medium voltage Air

Outdoor Residual current

M i n i a t u r e c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s

Miniature circuit breakers are types of low-

voltage circuit breakers that are designed to

protect an electric circuit in cases of overloads

that are more than 100A or in cases of short

circuiting of electric current.

These types of electric circuit breakers use either

thermal or thermal- magnetic based operations.

M o l d e d c a s e c i r c u i t

b r e a k e r s

Molded case circuit breakers are types of

protective electrical switches with a rating

electrical current of up to 2,500A. Molded

case circuit breakers normally use thermal or

thermal magnetic operation elements to open

or close electrical circuits protecting

machinery from potential damage.

These types of electrical circuit breakers are

used to a larger extent in control panels,

switchboards, motor control centers and

individual enclosures.

M o t o r p r o t e c t i v e c i r c u i t

b r e a k e r s

Motor protective circuit breakers are electrical

switches whose main purpose is to protect

circuits found in electric motor related

machinery. These types of protective electrical

switches are normally a combination protection

unit that may have functions like that of a switch,

over load relay or those of short circuit

protective devices.

To achieve complete protection and eliminate any

form of malfunction, motor protective circuit

breakers are used with a contractor hence

achieving complete motor protection.

Va c u u m c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s

Vacuum circuit breakers are electrical safety

devices that has two electrical contacts enclosed

in a vacuum.

One of the contacts is fixed to a specific position

while the other is free to move from one point to

another hence in case the vacuum circuit breaker

senses potential danger, the movable contact

pulls away from the fixed contact creating a

vacuum hence breaking the circuit.

Thermal circuit-breaker

This are electrical safety devices that have the ability to break a given circuit through switching it off automatically if the temperature rises above the normal one that it is supposed to work within.

Thermal circuit breakers are also known as commercial circuit breakers or circuit protectors in various electrical or manufacturing industries.

High voltage circuit breakers

High voltage circuit breakers are mechanical

switching safety electrical devices that mainly

connect and break current circuits and are used

to carry the nominal current in closed positions

from one point to another.

These types of circuit breakers are mainly used

in power transmission applications and are

relatively expensive as compared to other types

of circuit breakers.

Medium-voltage circuit breakers

Medium-voltage circuit breakers are safety devices that mainly use current sensing protective relays to decide on the most appropriate action opening electrical circuits to prevent damage of machinery or electrical equipment Medium- voltage circuit breakers are normally rated between 1 and 72kV.

These are the second in terms of handling current following high voltage circuit breakers. These types of circuit breakers may be either assembled into switch gear line ups to be used in indoors applications or installed outdoors in various substations as individual components.

Air circuit breakers

Air circuit breakers are electrical safety devices that usually operate in air at a given atmospheric pressure. Air circuit breakers are rated up to a maximum of 10,000A in the electrical field. Air circuit breakers can be categorized into either plain air circuit breakers or air blast circuit breakers. Air blast circuit breakers are used for the system voltage of of 245 KV and 420 KV where faster breaker operation is required to prevent current flow when hazardous situations arise.

Outdoor circuit breakers

Outdoor circuit breakers are types of electrical

safety devices that are mainly used to protect

electrical circuits from high voltage or voltage

fluctuations in outdoor applications. They can be

identified as either live tank or dead tank outdoor

circuit breakers according to their physical

structural design. The main difference between

the circuit breakers is that the switching device

surrounded at potential ground in dead tank

circuit breakers is at ground potential while that

of a live tank is at a potential above ground.

Residual current circuit

breakers

Residual current circuit breakers are also known as residual current devices. These are electrical wiring safety devices that disconnects circuits in cases involving electrical current imbalance between the energized line conductors and the neutral conductors This ensures protection against earth- leakage that may exist on electric circuits protecting people and electric against direct or indirect contact.

VALVES

Contact details : VISUM Ltd. Letna 40 040 01 Kosice Slovakia - E.U.

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