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Liquefaction
.RADADIYA MEHUL 14SOECV11042
RAIYANI PRARIK 14SOECV11043
SOJITRA KHUSHAL 14SOECV11050
SUDANI TWINKLE 14SOECV11051
Content
1) Introduction2) Objective 3) Method to reduce liquefaction4) Shallow foundation aspect5) Deep foundation aspect 6) Effect of liquefaction7) Solution8) Litrature review 9) Case study10) Reference
2. What is soil liquefaction
a phenomenon whereby saturated or partially saturated soil substantially losses strength and stiffness in response to an applied the stress, usually earthquake shaking or other sudden change in stress condition , causing it to behave like liquid.
1.What is liquefaction
Liquefaction is the name given to the process that convert a solid soil mass in to a liquid.
Introduction
Objective
To understand the liquefaction The process that causes the soil to collapse and liquefy
during an earthquake.Which soil are most susceptible to this occurrence.To find out which soil are strong on their own or could
be combined with another soil to make it more stable during an earthquake.
Method to reduce liquefaction
(1) Avoil liquefaction -susceptible soil:-the first possibility is to avoid construction on
liquefaction susceptible soil.
(2) Build liquefaction-resistance structure:-it may be possible to make the structure liquefaction
resistant by designing the foundation element to resist the effect of liquefaction.
Continuous………
Shallow foundation aspect
it is important that all foundation element in shallow foundation are tied together to make the foundation move or settlement uniformly, thus decrease the amount of shear force induced in the structural elements resting upon the foundation.
structure that possesses ductility ,has the ability to accommodate large deformation, a adjustable support for correction of differential settlements.
Deep foundation aspect liquefaction can cause large lateral
load on pile foundation.pile driven through a weak
potentially soil layer to a stronger layer not only have to carry vertical load from the superstructure, but must also be able resist horizontal load and bending moments induced by lateral movement if the weak layer liquefies.
Effect of liquefaction
The effect of soil like on the built environment can be extremely damaging.
Bridge and large building constructed on pile foundation may lose support from the adjacent soil and buckle or come to rest at a tilt after shaking.
Earthquake effect
• The effect of Earthquake include ,but are not limited to, the following:
1) landslides 2)fires. 3)soil liquefaction 4) tsunami 5)floods 6)human impact
Solution To minimize liquefaction, one successful approach I'd to
lower into the ground, a self digging apparatus till the desired depth is reached; then it is set in motion vibrating the soil surrounding it.
this consolidates the sediment layer itself, a and de-water it up to the surface.
The ground surface will naturally after during this process, and the surface is graded to the desired contour, filled as necessary with overburden, and smoothed off.
No Author Year Title
1 Adams,john;khan, 2007 Research method for graduate business and social science student
2 Baglione L 2012 Research Paper in political science
3 Bolderston,Amanda 2008(June) Writing an effective literature review(journal of medical imaging and radiation science
Literature review
Case study: Gujarat Earthquake, 2001• SOIL CONDITIONS.no Region Type of soil
1 Ahmedabad and surrounding region
Alluvial belt
2 Bhuj and surrounding region Silty sand
3 Coastal area (kandla) Soft clay
4 South Gujarat Expansive clay
