IAMR COLLEGEOF

ENGINEERING

Submitted To-Mr. Ashish KumarCoordinatorEEE - IV Year

Submitted By-Brijesh Kumar YadavEEE- IV YearRoll No. 1136921004

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Summer training AT

Diesel Locomotive Works Varanasi

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INTRODUCTION DLW, was founded by Late Railway Minister Mr. Lal Bahadur Shastri on 23

April 1956. It is spread in 300 acres area at Varanasi.

It is a production unit owned by Indian railways , for which it manufactures diesel–electric locomotives and its spares parts.

DLW rolled out its first locomotive 8 years later, on January 3, 1964. It manufactures locomotives.

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CONTINUE…..

Got its first ISO certification in 1997 and ISO-9001 and ISO-14001 in December 2002.

At present the latest locomotive produced by DLW; i.e. WDG 5 has capacity upto 5000 HP & trying to make it 5500 HP.

It has supplied locomotives to other countries such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Tanzania and Vietnam etc.

DLW is supplying locos to PSU’s & Industries Like NTPC, COAL, INDOGULF etc.

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Some Facts About Diesel Electric Locomotive

DLW’s annual production - 250 Locomotives

Cost of one loco - 12 to 14 crore (EMD)

8 crore (Alco)

Weight of one Loco - 121 Ton

Fuel Consumption; At Full Load - 540 lt/hr.

Idle Load - 40 lt/hr.

Max. Speed - 160 Km/hr.

Dia of Wheel - 1092 mm

Wheel to Wheel Distance - 1596.5 mm

Length of Under Frame - 19962 mm5

DIESEL ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

In a diesel-electric locomotive, the diesel engine drives an electrical generator or alternator whose output provides power to the traction motors. There is no mechanical connection between the engine and the wheels.

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LOCOMOTIVE PARTS

Main Alternator

Auxiliary Alternator

Motor Blower

Rectifiers/Inverters

Electronic controls

Cab

Truck Frame

Traction Motor

Fuel Tank

Air Reservoirs

Air Compressor

Gear Box

Radiator and Radiator

Fan

Turbo Charging

Sand Box7

CLASSIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVESLocos, except the older steam ones, have classification codes that identify them. This code is of the form: WDG5A which means “ [ gauge ][ power ][load ][ series ][ sub type ]”

THE FIRST LETTER (GAUGE) W- Indian broad gauge

Y- meter gauge

Z- narrow gauge(2.5 ft)

N- narrow gauge (2 ft)

THE SECOND LETTER (MOTIVE POWER)

D- Diesel C- DC electric (can run under DC traction only)

A- AC electric (can run under AC traction only)

CA- Both DC and AC (can run under both AC and DC tractions)

B- Battery electric locomotive (rare)8

Continue……THE THIRD LETTER (LOAD TYPE) G- Goods

P- Passenger M- Mixed traffic ; both goods and passenger S- Used for shunting U- Electric multiple units (E.M.U.) R- Railcars

THE FOURTH LETTER (SERIES) The series digit identifies the horsepower range of the locomotive.

e.g. Series letter ‘3’ means that the locomotive has power over 3000 hp but less than 4000 hp.

THE FIFTH LETTER (SUBTYPE) an optional letter or number that indicates some smaller variations in the basic model.

e.g.: ‘A’ for 100 hp; ‘B’ for 200 hp and so on……..

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PRIME FEATURES OF LOCOMOTIVES

BHP THP MODEL

1400 HP 1250 HP YDM4

2600 HP 2400 HP WDM2

3100 HP 2750 HP WDG3A

4000 HP 3939 HP WDG4

5500 HP 5300 HP WDG5

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TRACTION MOTOR

•  Electric motor providing the primary rotational

torque of a machine, usually for conversion into

linear motion.

•DC series-wound motors, running on approximately

600 volts.

•The availability of high-powered semiconductors

such as thyristors has now made practical the use of

much simpler, higher-reliability AC induction

motors.11

DC-DC TRACTION

Earlier DC-DC transmission was used in the traction process which can be explained with the following block diagram:

D.E.

DC GENERATO

R

4 2356 1

DC SERIES TRACTION MOTORS12

FAILURE OF DC-DC TRACTION

The voltage must be generated at the level (amplitude or value)

required by the load.

But in case of DC generator used in DC traction produce a

constant voltage level which can not be employed for all loads.

The machine for the DC Traction is bulky and heavy in size.

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AC-DC TRACTION

Then to overcome the drawbacks of DC-DC transmission, AC-DC was used in the traction process which can be explained with the following block diagram:

D.E.

ALTERNATOR

RECTIFIER

4 2356 1

DC SERIES TRACTION MOTORS14

FAILURE OF AC-DC TRACTION

The AC-DC Traction system failed mainly due to the disadvantages of DC

Series Motor, which are:

1. Chances of flashover.

2. Thick cable size.

3. Bulky nature.

4. Costly.

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MODERN TRACTION(AC-AC) SYSTEM

D.E.

ALTERNATOR

RECTIFIER

4 2356 1

THREE PHASE AC INDUCTION MOTORS

TCC-1TCC-2

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WHY AC-AC TRACTION??

• In case of AC-DC Traction out of the BRAKING HORSE POWER

(BHP) e.g. 1400 HP only 1250 HP is used as the TRACTION POWER

(THP).

•But in case of AC-AC Traction out of 4000 BHP, 3939 HP is used as the

TRACTION POWER.

•So there is more power loss in AC-DC Traction System, which results in

its replacement with the AC-AC Traction System.

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WHY AC MOTORS ARE REPLACING DC MOTORS?

 They are simpler to construct, require no mechanical contacts to work (such as

brushes) and are lighter than DC

motors for equivalent power.

They are more robust and easier to maintain

than DC motors.

 AC motors can be microprocessor controlled to a

fine degree and can regenerate current down to almost a stop whereas DC

regeneration fades quickly at low speeds.

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ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION

The diesel-electric locomotive uses electric transmission, where traction

motors are provided on the axles to give the final drive.

These motors were traditionally DC but the development of modern power

and control electronics has led to the introduction of 3-phase AC motors.

Generally there are six motors on most diesel-electric locomotives.  A

modern AC motor with air blowing can provide up to 1,000 hp.

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DIESEL ENGINE

This is the main power source for the locomotive.

The engines mostly used are V Type.

As the transmission is electric, the engine is used as the power source for

the electricity generator or alternator, as it is called nowadays.

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VIGILANCE DEVICES

• These are the devices which are used to give an alarm to the loco-pilots on duty in case they fall asleep on duty.

• These VCDs give alarm when the loco-pilot does not perform any of the following within 60 seconds:

1.Throttle2.Horn3.Dynamic Break4.Air Break5.Foot Break

If the pilot fails to do any of the above within 60 seconds then after

an additional 17 seconds i.e. After 77 seconds emergency break would

apply. 21

TEMPERATURE SENSORS

These are the sensors used to detect the temperature of the lovomotive.

Different types of sensors are:

1.R- Type (0-1800)C

2.J- Type (0-1200)C

3.K- Type (0-1000)C

4.RTD 100 (0-400)C

5.RTD 50 (0-100)C

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THANK YOU !!!!

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QUERIES???

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