Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
MADANAPALLE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
S.MUBARAK BASHA S.SAI PRAKASH II MECHANICAL II MECHANICAL [email protected] [email protected] 9160171334 9676852715
CONVERSION OF BIOMASS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ENERGY CONVERSION
Bioenergy is energy of biological origin, derived from biomass, such as fuelwood, livestock manure, municipal waste, energy crops
Coal Tyres Sugar Cane Bagasse Oil sludge/waste Energy crops Oil seed rape husks Rice and Corn husks Packaging Waste Chicken Waste
Wood chips / waste Straw MSW Nut shells Sewage sludge Olive pips Bone meal Leather waste Animal litter
FoodStorage
Slime Layer
New Cells
Oxygen
Soluble Organics
CellMembrane
NH3
CO2
H2O
AdsorbedParticle
Enzymes
Wastewater
(Absorption)
To “Treat”Wastewater
Remove (reduce) Or “Stabilize”The Material in Wastewater
SecondaryClarifier
Activated Sludge System
Air
Pri.Eff. Sec. Eff.Aeration
Tank
Return Activated Sludge (RAS)
Waste Activated Sludge (WAS)
MLSSBiomass(suspended)
→Provides Oxygen and Mixing
Screening
Grit
Influent
Effluent
Disinfect
PrimaryClarifiers Aeration
TanksSecondaryClarifiers
LandApplication
Typical Flow-Through Activated Sludge Plant
RASWAS
Sludge Processingand Storage
Aeration Tank
Mixed Liquor(MLSS)
PrimaryEffluent Sludge
1. Transfer of Food from Wastewater to Cell. Adequate Mixing
Enough Detention Time
2. Conversion of Food to New Cells and Byproducts. Acclimated Biomass Useable Food Supply Adequate D.O. Proper Nutrient Balance 100 : 5 : 1 C : N : P
3. Flocculation and Solids Removal Proper Mixing
Proper Growth EnvironmentSecondary Clarification
Filamentous Bacteria – Form Strings Mixed Liquor Does Not Compact - Bulking
Biological Wastewater Treatment
The CRT for Best Treatment
Will Vary for Different Facilities
Determined by Regular Monitoring and
Comparing to Effluent Quality
Often Will Vary Seasonally
Cell Residence Time
Water needed to produce:◦ 1 kilo of wheat: 1 000 litres◦ 1 kilo of meat (beef): 15 000 litres
Daily water requirements per person:◦ Drinking: 2-3 litres◦ Domestic needs: 20–300 litres ◦ Food: 2 000-3 000 litres
with 2 500 litres of water, we can produce:◦ food for one person for one day◦ 1 litre of biofuel
CONCLUSION: Biomass Utilization for Environmental Challenges = Ecological solutions serves for society
REFERENCES
THANK YOU
TEXTBOOK:
CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES BY D.S.KUMAR
INTERNET:
www.midttrafik.uk
Wikipedia
