BIOMASS SUPPORTED SOLAR THERMAL HYBRID

POWER PLANT

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INDEXIntroduction

Working principle of STPP

Proposed biomass supported STPP

Advantages

Conclusion 2

INTRODUCTIONUse of non-renewable energy cause

environmental pollution and also they gets depleted

Pollution free, freely available renewable sources are best alternative

Solar power plants are widely used but its main problem is variability

Biomass plants are also used but its fuel availability in large amount is difficult

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INTRODUCTION contd..To overcome the disadvantages of both power

plants they are combined

By shared use of some of the equipments effective cost is less than simple addition

Effective operating hours and therefore overall energy generation is higher

Hence this can be considered as technology for future

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Need of solar thermal power plant is increasing due to increased fuel cost and environmental pollution

Working similar to conventional thermal power plant

Steam is generated through solar thermal energy instead of fossil fuel

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT

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METHODOLOGIES USED

Parabolic Trough Collector System

Parabolic Dish Focus System

Central Receiver System6

Diagram of parabolic trough

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WORKING . .Most cost effective and reliable among the

three

 It is constructed as a long parabolic trough-shaped mirror, generally made of polished metal 

Heat transfer fluid (usually oil) runs through the tube to absorb the concentrated sunlight.

Heat from this HTF is used to produce super heated high pressure steam  8

Diagram of parabolic dish STPP Tracks the sun by rotating

about two axes and rays are brought to a point focus

Receiver is placed at the focus

Working fluid in the receiver gets heated

Using this heat steam is produced

Steam drives a prime mover to generate electricity

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Central Receiver System

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WORKING . .

Solar radiation reflected from arrays of large mirrors which are called heliostats is concentrated on a receiver situated at the top of a supporting tower

A molten salt is used as working fluid and medium of thermal storage

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Characteristics of STPP Collects thermal energy from sunrise

When obtained energy is insufficient stored energy is used

Hence constant electrical output is obtained

Stored energy will be depleted sooner and thereafter no energy production 12

PROPOSED BIOMASS SUPPORTED STPP FOR STABLE AND CONTINUOUS OPERATION

Large amount of budget will be required for building of large storage system

Biomass supported plant can contribute to generate electrical energy continuously

An auxiliary boiler is used to heat water whose fuel is provided from the biomass plant.

It maintain rated parameters of STHPP.

Hence generate electrical energy stably & continuously.

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Solar thermal power plant with an auxiliary boiler

In addition an auxiliary boiler is placed

Fuel to boiler is provided from the biomass plant

Steam from the boiler is given to the turbine in case of insufficient solar radiation

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Characteristics of STHPP with auxiliary boiler

Storage energy of STHPP remain almost constant throughout the day

So the electrical energy produced is stable and continuous

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Thermal energy is relatively easier and less costly to store compared to electrical energy

Sensible heat storage is most commonly used heat storage

Thermal storage system of STHPP consists of two distinct tanks

CONTRIBUTION OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

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CONTD . .One contains working fluid leaving the solar

reflector and other contains cooled working fluids leaving the steam generator

Tanks must be of same size, in case of unavoidable disturbances entire contents should be stored in one tank

Thermal energy is passed to storage if the temperature of heat source is higher than heat loads and vice versa

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BIOMASS FOR STPPObtained from biological materials such as

plants, trees, waste, sewage gas, etc.

The effectiveness of power generation requires availability of biological materials and their transportation.

Combustion gases from the auxiliary boiler are conveyed to fuel gas cleaning system and cleaned gases are released to atmosphere.

We must integrate the correct sources of energy for optimal power supply to a region.

It depends on transportation, transmission and distribution lines.

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ADVANTAGE OF BIOMASS SUPPORTED STHPP

Redundant energy is stored during sunny days

When the parameters of steam cannot reach rated value during insufficient solar radiation, then biomass plant starts to operate

Thus mixed steam reaches to rated value at exit of receiver

Ensures 100% use of renewable sources to generate electricity

Reduce pollution and increase the efficiency of STHPP

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FURTHER RESEARCH FOR STHPP SYSTEMTo minimize the cost of large solar thermal

energy storage system

The operation of auxiliary boiler fed from biomass fuel should be more optimized and automatic for stable and reliable operation

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Used to drive Stirling engine to generate electricity

A Stirling engine is a heat engine operating by cyclic compression and expansion of the working fluid, at different temperature levels such that there is net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work( Stirling engine)

WORKING…

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Alpha type Stirling engine. There are two cylinders. The expansion cylinder (red) is maintained at a high temperature while the compression cylinder (blue) is cooled. The passage between the two cylinders contains the regenerator

Alpha type Stirling engine

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ABSTRACTNon-renewable resources are in a edge of

depletion.

Energy efficient renewable sources are needed for our future.

Biomass supported STHPP is a solution.

Energy generation totally from renewable sources.

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Sources

Estimated cost/KW (in USD) Estimated combined

cost/KW (in USD )

Solar thermal plant 3,149

5,018

Biomass plant 1,869

ESTIMATED COST OF PROPOSED BIOMASS SUPPORTED SOLAR THERMAL HYBRID POWER

PLANT

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CONCLUSIONEnsure to use 100% renewable sources

Stable and continuous mode of operation

The storage system of STHPP contributes to save biomass fuel that will increase the overall efficiency of the plant

This plant can be considered as most important modes to use solar thermal and biomass power in future

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The world’s first plant combining biomass and solar thermal energy in

CataloniaIt can generate 25 MW of power enough to supply 75000 houses

It consist of almost 2,688 solar panels

Using this renewable energy plant will prevent 24,500 tones of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere.

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REFERENCED. Mills, "Advances in solar thermal

electricity technology”

Z. Y. Ming and W. Jun, "Trough system and tower system”

G. Celli, et al., "Optimal location of biogas and biomass

generation plants" 27

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