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ADVANCEMENTS IN LASER BEAM MACHINING
Presented by:Mr. VIVEK SATHOO
T.E.(303080)Production Engineering Department
S.C.O.E. ,Pune-41(2013-2014)
Guide:
Prof. J. H. SHINDE
NEED FOR NON-CONVENTIONAL MACHINING
• Emergence of Advanced Engineering Materials• Stringent design requirements• Intricate shape • Unusual size of workpiece • Hence, it was realized to develop some nonconventional
machining methods known as advanced machining processes (AMPs).
LBM: INTRODUCTION
• Laser beam machining (LBM) is one of the most widely used thermal energy based non-contact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of material.
• As the name suggest it uses LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiaton) for operations.
• Laser is a coherent and amplified beam of Light.
• An important property of light is that it has no volume, photons have no charge, so when concentrated into a very small space, they do not repulse each other like negative charged electrons do.
CONSTRUCTION
WORKING• Material removal during LBM includes different stages such as : (i) melting (ii) vaporization (iii) chemical degradation (chemical bonds are broken which
causes the materials to degrade).
• When a high energy density laser beam is focused on work surface the thermal energy is absorbed which heats and transforms the workpiece into a molten, vaporized or chemically changed state that can easily be removed by flow of high pressure assist gas jet (which accelerates the transformed material and ejects it from machining zone).
ADVANCEMENTS IN LBM PROCESS
• Nano Machining• Electronic Equipments• Micro machine devices• Biochemical & Medical field• Space Filtering of the beam
NEW TECHNOLOGIES
• Microvia drilling• Direct copper structuring• Ultra short pulsed lasers• Metal vapour lasers• Laser beam guidance• Fibre lasers
Microvia Drilling• Improves routing density of buildup layers• Reduces chip spacing• Process free of carbonized debris & HAZ• Imroves electrical performance
Holes created by microvia drilling
Ultra Short Pulsed Lasers
• Femtosecond lasers• Used in 3D microstructuring• Grooving ( Very fine, sub-micron
residual surface finish)• Thermal influences are minimised• Example of femtosecond laser
machining of silicon wafers are:
50 & 20 ùm width cut by 200fs
Laser Beam Guidance
• Fibre optics offers great flexibility of the beam delivery
• Uses total internal reflection• Angle of incident equals the
angle of reflection• Beam travels along fibre core• Beam driven into the fibre
cable using collimator
Laser Beam Guidance
Laser beam
Lens
Water chamber
Water laser jet
workpiece
Laser water jet machining setup
APPLICATIONS
Laser cladding of engine parts
Laser micromachining of glass
Different applications of laser in automotive industry
CONCLUSION
• LBM is a powerful machining method for cutting complex profiles
• LBM is also suitable for precise machining of microparts
• Low energy efficiency• Performance depends mainly on laser parameters
REFERENCES[1] Avinash Kumar Dubey, Vinod Yadava, “Laser beam machining ___A review” Department of Mechanical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology,Allahabad 211004, UP, India, 16 May 2007. Page No. 610,611,613,614,615
[2] Avinash Kumar Dubey, Vinod Yadava, “Experimental study of Nd:YAG laser beam machining___An overview”Department of Mechanical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology,Allahabad 211004, UP, India, 11 September 2006. Page No.17,18,19
[3] Anoop N. Samant, Narendra B. Dahotre, “An integrated computational approach to single-dimensional laser machining of magnesia”Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 326Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA, 4 July 2008
Thank You…!!!
Thank You…!!!