A Technical Seminar on

‘3D- PRINTING3D- PRINTING’

For B.E . (Mechanical Engineering)

Mandar Gadkari(II I B)

Under the Guidance of Prof . Praful Shirpurkar

Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engg. & Research

Session : 2014-15

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

3D printing is a form of additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for the object. This revolutionary method for creating 3D models with the use of inkjet technology saves time and cost by eliminating the need to design; print and glue together separate model parts. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.

HOW DOES IT WORKHOW DOES IT WORK Processing:

Working Principle

First super fine stainless steel powder is put into the box of 3D printer, Then the machine spread the a layer of stainless still powder on the platform where 3D object is to made , tubes carry a binding substance from container to machines print head. The binder acts like a weak glue and it is ejected in very narrow jets by the print head. As the print head head moves back and fourth on stainless steel powered bed ,it eject glue on exact location specified by the computer .As the layers printed by print head goes on finishing, a powerful heater attached above the print head ensures the layer is completely dry. A roller applies a new thin layer of powder and the 3D printer applies binder to it, this builds the object from bottom up. Thus the process goes on for several hours . Once the layering is done the box in 3D printer is taken to oven where it is heated for particular time period as required, this will evaporate all the moisture present and make binder bond strong , After that the remaining powdered is vacuum out and the object emerges out. The cleaning action is performed on the object very carefully as the object is still fragile and can be crushed with bare hands

In this process arrangement is made to infuse brass with the object prepared by performing moulding and casting like process in which sand is not ,but a substance which will give support to object prepared also not interfere or react with brass ( Alumina oxide grit , may vary according to the type of metal used ). Then the object is taken to a furnance where it will be heated to 2000 F up to 24 hours, this melts the bronze which get suck upped to object like water by sponge . Infused with bronze the object is a solid metal ,thus object is ready can be polished or coated by gold to match any demand .the 3D metal printer can make various design with great accuracy and in very less time .

APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS

CAPABILITIESCAPABILITIESAs anticipated, this modern technology has smoothed the path for

numerous new possibilities in various fields. The list below details the advantages of 3D printing in certain fields.

1. Product formation is currently the main use of 3D printing technology. These machines allow designers and engineers to test out ideas for dimensional products cheaply before committing to expensive tooling and manufacturing processes.

2. In Medical Field, Surgeons are using 3d printing machines to print body parts for reference before complex surgeries. Other machines are used to construct bone grafts for patients who have suffered traumatic injuries. Looking further in the future, research is underway as scientists are working on creating replacement organs.

3. Architects need to create mockups of their designs. 3D printing allows them to come up with these mockups in a short period of time and with a higher degree of accuracy.

4. 3D printing allows artists to create objects that would be incredibly difficult, costly, or time intensive using traditional processes.

COMPLEX STRUCTURECOMPLEX STRUCTURE3D-Printers are very helpful in creating complex3D-Printers are very helpful in creating complexarchitectural structure.architectural structure.

MEDICAL USEMEDICAL USE

Laura Olivieri, a pediatric Laura Olivieri, a pediatric cardiologist at the Children's cardiologist at the Children's National Medical Center in National Medical Center in Washington DC (which spent Washington DC (which spent $250,000 on the 3D printer) says $250,000 on the 3D printer) says that these replica hearts are ideal that these replica hearts are ideal for dry runs of complex operations, for dry runs of complex operations, allowing the surgeon to see allowing the surgeon to see beforehand the exact anatomical beforehand the exact anatomical landscape they will have to navigate.landscape they will have to navigate.

New technologies using Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAV) could create a new, cost-effective and reliable monitoring service. Researchers at University of Southampton, UK have created a new 3D printed drone, called 2Seas, that could soon be used by maritime security organizations. The heart of 2Seas – the central wing box, fuel tank and engine mountings – was 3D-printed, the wings and tail are made from carbon fiber.

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES RAPID PROTOTYPING: 3D printing gives designers the ability RAPID PROTOTYPING: 3D printing gives designers the ability

to quickly turn concepts into 3D models or prototypes to quickly turn concepts into 3D models or prototypes (a.k.a., (a.k.a., rapid prototypingrapid prototyping).).

Clean process. Wastage of material is negligible.(oral ..)Clean process. Wastage of material is negligible.(oral ..)

Complex shape can be produced .Complex shape can be produced .

EASY TO USE No skilled person needed.EASY TO USE No skilled person needed.

REDUCE DESIGN COMPLEXITYREDUCE DESIGN COMPLEXITY

CHEAP Cheaper process than any other process.(oral…)CHEAP Cheaper process than any other process.(oral…)

People in remote locations can fabricate objects that would People in remote locations can fabricate objects that would otherwise be inaccessible to them. otherwise be inaccessible to them.

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES

Process is slow.Process is slow. Limited material useLimited material use 3-D printers are still expensive.3-D printers are still expensive. Size hurdleSize hurdle

Although 3-D printers have the potential of Although 3-D printers have the potential of creating many jobs and opportunities, they might creating many jobs and opportunities, they might also put certain jobs at risk .also put certain jobs at risk .

Misuse of technology-3d PRINTER ARE USED Misuse of technology-3d PRINTER ARE USED EXTENSIVELY FOR MAKING AMMO LIKE EXTENSIVELY FOR MAKING AMMO LIKE GUNS.GUNS.

IN FUTUREIN FUTURE With today's 3D printers, if you lose your TV remote's With today's 3D printers, if you lose your TV remote's

battery cover you can print a replacement battery cover. battery cover you can print a replacement battery cover. With tomorrow's, if you lose your remote, you'll be able to With tomorrow's, if you lose your remote, you'll be able to print a new remote.print a new remote.

3D printers are always getting cheaper and better.3D printers are always getting cheaper and better.

There is currently research going on to create 3D printers There is currently research going on to create 3D printers that could print out organs for people in need of a that could print out organs for people in need of a transplant.transplant.

Within a decade, 3D printers will become commonplace in Within a decade, 3D printers will become commonplace in houses. houses.

The benefits of such technology are endless.The benefits of such technology are endless.

COSTS OF 3D PRINTERSCOSTS OF 3D PRINTERS

1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing2. How the stuffs work:-

http://computer.howstuffworks.com/3-d-printing.htm3. Makerbot:- http://www.makerbot.com/4. http://www.3dprinter.net/reference/wh

at-is-3d-printing