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Department of Electrical EngineeringPoornima Institute of Engineering & Technology
ISI-2, RIICO Institutional Area, Goner Road, Sitapura, Jaipur-302022
Presented By:-
ANIL KUMAR KUMAWAT
IV YEAR EE
A PRESENTATIONON
220KV GSS , RENWAL , JAIPUR
Session: - 2014-2015
Submitted to:-
Mr. AMIT PANDAY
Mr. GAURAV SRIVASTAVA
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION GENERAL DISCUSSION ON SUB STATION
FEEDERS
Equipments :- Lightning arrester (L.A.) Capacitive voltage transformerWave trap (PLCC) Isolator Instrument transformers :-C.T. & P.T. Circuit breaker :- definition & types Bus bar Power transformer:-introduction & main parts Protective relays :- introduction & Buchhloz relay
SUMMARY
WHY WE NEED GSS ???
Improvement of Reliability
Improvement of economics
Improvement of efficiency
Imrovement of power quality
Improvement of security & safety
Controller of entire power system
SUBSTATION
Part of Electricity Generation
Transmission of Electricity
Distribution of Electricity
Voltage is Transformed High to Low or vice-
versa using TRANSFORMEr
Ex.-400kV/220kV substation
220kV/132kV substation132kV/33kV substation33kV/11kV substation33kV/.4kV substation
220kV GSS RENWAL
It is devided into two parts:-
A. Panel Section Control Panel Section
Relay and Protection Panel Section
B. Switch Yard 220kV Section
132kV section
33kV section
C. Battery Room (Extra)
A. Panel Section
It is a room which contains all types of panels.
It has two sections:-
Control Panel Section
It contain panels related to controlling of instruments. E.g.:- feeder panel, X-mer panel, etc.
Relay And Protection Panel Section
It contains panels related to relay systems and protection systems. E.g.:- Relay panel, line protection panel, etc.
B. Switch Yard
It is the field where components used in controlling supply
and measuring supply(incoming and outgoing) are placed.
Some of these components are:- C.Bs Isolators C.Ts P.Ts L.As X-mers, etc.
220 kV Incoming from HEERAPURA
& REENGAS
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
CVT
WAVE TRAP
CIRCUIT BREAKER
LINE ISOLATOR BUS
PT with BUS ISOLATOR
ISOLATOR
CT
LA
LA with EARTH SWITCH
132 kV OUTPUT
ISOLATORS with EARTH SWITCH
CT
CAPACITOR BANK
MAIN X-MER
PT with BUS ISOLATOR
CB
ISOLATOR CT
CB
EQUIPMENTSFLOW
220 kV GSS RENWAL
HEERAPURA-220 kV
REENGAS-220 kV
FEEDERS
Hingoniya-132 kV
Champapura-132 kV
Khachriyavas-132 kV
Danta-132kV
Dungari-33 kV
Pachkodiya-33 kV
Renwal-33 kV
Minda-33 kV
Badhal-33 kV
EQUIPMENTS – LIGHTENING ARRESTER
Protect the Insulation & Conductors
of the system from damaging effect of
LIGHTNING
CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
step down extra high voltage signals.
provide a low voltage signal.
for MEASUREMENT of voltage.
to operate a protective relay.
WAVE TRAP (PLCC)POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION
exchange of data and transfer of messages between substations.
WAVE TRAP-TRAPPING the unwanted waves.
ISOLATORS
Used for completety DE-ENERGISED the electrical ckt. for SERVICE or
MAINTENANCE.
Separate the circuit at NO LOAD CONDITION.
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Instrument transformers are used for measurement and protective
applications together with equipments such as meters & relays
Types-
- CURRENT TRANSFORMER
- POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
CIRCUIT BREAKER
Automatically Operated ELECTRICAL SWITCH.
Designed to protect the ckt. from overload or SHORT
CKT.
Separate Healthy & Faulty Section of ckt.
Operate at ON LOAD Condition.
SULPAR HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER (SF6)Sulpharhexa fluoride (SF6)
gas is used as the arc
quenching medium . The
SF6 is an electronegative
gas and has a strong
tendency to absorb free
electrons. Circuit breakers
have been developed for
voltage 115KV to 230KV ,
power rating10 MVA
VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERSVacuum circuit breakers are
circuit breakers which are
used to protect medium and
high voltage circuits from
dangerous electrical
situations
AIR-BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERFast operations ,suitability for repeated
operation , auto reclosure , unit type multi
break constructions ,simple assembly ,
modest maintenance are some of the
main features of air blast circuit
breakers. A compressors plant necessary
to maintain high air pressure in the air
receiver.
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
A high-voltage circuit
breaker in which the arc is
drawn in oil to dissipate the
heat and extinguish the arc;
the intense heat of the arc
decomposes the oil .
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
BUS BAR
A bus bar is a conducting bar that carries heavy currents to
supply several electric circuits.
Made up of copper rod or thin walled tubes.
TYPES:-
- MAIN BUS BAR.
- AUXILIARY BUS BAR
POWER TRANSFORMER
A Static Device.
Transfer Power from One ckt. to Another ckt.
NO Change in FREQUENCY.
Principle-FARADAY ’s LAW of ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.
Types- 1. STEP UP X-MER::
O/P Voltage > I/P Voltage.
2. STEP DOWN X-MER ::
O/P Voltage < I/P Voltage.
FIGURE-POWER TRANSFORMER
PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
core Winding(H.V winding, L.V winding, tertiary winding)
X-MER OILS PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE BREATHER Conservator RADIATER Tap changer Tank
Protective Relay is a sensing device and
is designed to detect operating
conditions on an electric circuit.
It trips the circuit breaker when fault is
detected.
PROTECTIVE RELAYS
A gas actuated relay. it is installed in b/w the conservatorand the main tank. PRINCIPLE:- Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformers, the oil of the tank gets overheated and gases are generated.The heat generated by the high local current causes the transformer oil to decompose and produce gas which can be used to detect the faults.
BUCHHOLZ RELAY
BATTERY ROOM
DC battery shell be installed in the power house for Protection. Emergency power. Alarm and indication.
TRANSFORMERSAlso known as the heart of substations. These are used to reduce the voltages at appropriate levels
CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERSIt is a used in power systems to step down extra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay
WAVETRAPTraps the high frequency signals
ISOLATORSUsed for maintenance of
the circuit in no load condition
CIRCUIT BREAKER used to protect the
equipment by opening the circuit for over
current and over voltages
LIGHTINING ARRESTERUsed for protecting the equipment from surge
voltages
SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENTs
RELAYUsed to sense the faults
QUERIES ???