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CIVIL ENGINEERING SURVEYORThe Journal of the Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
Mapping GIS Arbitration NEC
June 2014
shapingthe future
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JuneContents
05. From the CEO
06. ICES regions
10. Social network
12. News
22. Events
47. Profiles
48. Classifieds/Where to buy
49. Subscriptions
50. Recruitment
51. Training dates
FeaturesRegulars20. Behind the scenes at the map museumDarrell Smart and Abigail Tomkins with
Tom Harper, British Library
24. Qatar arbitration: Be carefulHamish Lal FCInstCES, Jones Day
26. Monitoring wave induced shocks atEddystone LighthouseJon Penn, Caption Data
29. At rest: Finding the victims of theHerrin MassacreSteven M Di Naso, Eastern Illinois
University, with Scott Doody
33. Notification of compensation eventsRob Horne, Trowers & Hamlins
35. Questions of jurisdiction Gillian Cruickshanks, MBM Consulting
37. Mapping due-diligence to minimiseconstruction delaysCarole Ankers, Landmark Information
39. A profession scattered within anindustryDennis Gedge MCInstCES
42. The technology and techniques drivingeffective highway asset managementSarah Jones, LandScope Engineering
45. Taking BIM mobileIain Miskimmin, Bentley Systems COMIT
Civil Engineering Surveyor is printed using PEFC-certified paper as part of the institution’s commitment to promote sustainable forest management. Printed by Buxton Press Limited, Palace Road, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 6AE. © 2014 Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors. ISSN 0266-139X
Edited, designed and produced by ICES PublishingOperations Director and Editor in Chief: Darrell Smart [email protected] • Tweet @darrellsmartDeputy Editor of Publications: Abigail M Tomkins BA (Hons)[email protected] • Tweet @amtomkinsMedia Sales Manager: Alan [email protected] • Tweet @alan_leesAdministrator: Joanne [email protected] www.surco.uk.com
ICES Publishing is operated by SURCO Limited, a subsidiary of theChartered Institution of Civil Engineering SurveyorsDominion House, Sibson Road, Sale, Cheshire M33 7PP United Kingdom+44 (0)161 972 3110 www.cices.org President: Alan Barrow FCInstCES MRICSHonorary Secretary: AH Palmer FCInstCESChief Executive Officer: Bill Pryke
Civil Engineering Surveyor is published monthly by the CharteredInstitution of Civil Engineering Surveyors. Statements made andopinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflectthe views of the institution, its Council of Management or othercommittees. No material may be reproduced in whole or in partwithout the written permission of the publisher. All rightsreserved.
CES July/August 2014 will feature hydrography and marineprojects.Copy date: 20 June 2014. Please note that this date applies to news, calendar items and letters. Articles, reviews and other lengthier contributions inevitably require a longer lead in time.
Cover shot: A map for the king: A coloured chart ofFalmouth Haven from 1597.Article pp20-22. Image ©British Library.
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linkedin.com >Chartered ICES
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Do you support the vital work of civil engineering surveyors?
Are you ready to start the path to professional recognition?
Do you know someone who would benefit from joining ICES as an Affiliate?
ICES Affiliates gain access to specialist publications, including the monthly journal Civil EngineeringSurveyor, regional events, discounted conferences and seminars. If you are thinking of membership butaren’t sure where to begin or if you know someone who should be affiliated to ICES, get in touch. HelpICES continue to be the leading professional body for civil engineering surveyors.
The Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors is a registered educational charity.
Contact: Membership DepartmentChartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
Affiliate
Image ©Terry Higginson MCInstCES
WHEN asked what the theme of my column would bethis month, I responded that I wanted it to tie into thefeedback I received from members following my visits
to our regions this spring. So perhaps I should begin with areminder of the feedback.
On the positive side, members were upbeat and encouragedabout the amount of work they are now receiving, with someeven finding themselves overwhelmed! On the downside,however, skills shortages were a real issue for both the majorcontractors and the SMEs. This is not surprising given that thesame message is currently being received across the wholeconstruction sector.
The need to listen to our members is something I consider tobe extremely important — particularly if they are expressingconcerns. And it raised the question in my mind as to what wecan do as a professional body to take positive action, supportour members and mitigate those concerns. The civil engineering
surveying profession presents opportunities to individuals as well as companies. It is acareer that makes a difference, and one that shapes the environment around you. Inother words, it is an exciting and varied profession. So how do we play our part inattracting people to this wonderful career?
Reaching outFor us as a professional body, there needs to be a two pronged approach. Firstly, we needto engage with individuals throughout their education and at the very outset of theircareers. Secondly, we need to identify those already within the civil engineering surveyingsector who, for one reason or another, have not become professionally qualified.
Membership of ICES is a great way for individuals to demonstrate their competenceand progress their careers — we have seen this in the exciting projects our membersare employed in, here in the UK and across the globe. In addition, there is much to begained for those companies who choose to support these individuals in theirmembership. They too will reap a number of benefits, including staff who are highlymotivated and feel valued, better retention rates and a competitive edge over otherorganisations with a demonstrably competent and professional workforce which, as aconsequence, should win more tenders.
AffiliationsWe will be inviting all those with an interest in civil engineering surveying to join ustoday as affiliates. Whether they will take this as a first step to fuller membership orsimply as a way of keeping in touch with the vital work our members do, we willprovide support to them with our excellent journal Civil Engineering Surveyor,newsletters, and access to a wide range of national and regional events. By connectingwith prospective members and allied professionals, we can encourage the take-up ofcontinuing professional development and training within our fields of expertise, andensure that civil engineering surveying attracts a competent and excellent workforce.
If some of the things in this column strike a chord for you as an individual and yourown career aspirations, or you know of anyone who you think could benefit from thisinitiative, then please contact Serena Ronan, our region and administration manager, formore details. Likewise, if you employ staff and are keen to create a professional andcompetent team within your own organisation, do get in touch.
Bill Pryke, Chief Executive Officer, [email protected] Serena Ronan can be contacted at [email protected]
Join us in the pursuit of excellence
CEO Bill Pryke on a newpush from ICES towards a competent and engaged workforce
The presentation will explain how toutilise laser scanning to create 3D modelsfor building information modellingprojects. It will show real-life examples oflarge scale 3D laser scan projects and theirconversion to Autodesk Revit models. Itwill cover the complex 3D challenges eachproject raised and the variety of phasedeliverables produced. The presentationwill also show how games enginetechnology can be used to recycle and addvalue to the 3D dataset, building bespokeapplications tailored for health and safetybriefings, facilities management,stakeholder engagement and site briefings.Speakers are Severn Partnership’s MarkKing and SEEABLE’s Dr Nigel Moore.08 SEP 14: Committee meetingICES HQ, Sale 6pm for 6.30pm23 SEP 2014: Concurrent delay: The legalapproach and the delay expert’s approachWeightmans, Manchester, 5.30pm for 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/north-west-north-wales/An evening seminar with buffet.03 NOV 14: Committee meetingICES HQ, Sale 6pm for 6.30pm18 NOV 2014: Update on recent case law in theconstruction industryEversheds, Manchester, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/north-west-north-wales/
ICES Northern Counties24 JUN 2014: Practical guidance on the FIDICsuite of contractsEversheds, Newcastle upon Tyne, 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/northern-counties/A seminar presented by David Moss ofEversheds LLP. The presentation will focuson the standard terms and the FIDICapproach; common/recommendedamendments to the standard terms; theincreased use of FIDIC contracts in the UKmarket; common problems encountered;and the use of dispute adjudication boards.
ICES ScotlandAppeal to membersICES Scotland is now entering a busyperiod and urgently requires people to joinor return to the committee and support thebusiness of the institution. The areas ofsupport largely encompass managingstrategic relationships with CPD providerssuch as lawyers, liaising with otherinstitutions such as ICE/CIOB on potentialcollaborative CPD events, representingICES at CPD events (ensuring attendanceregisters and feedback forms arecompleted by attendees and submitted toICES HQ), and interviewing candidates formembership. Those interested shouldeither email the secretary or attend the
ICES Anglia & CentralCivil Engineering Surveyor apologises toICES A&C secretary Gordon Clarke forlisting him as George Clarke in theprevious issue.05 JUN 2014: Sheringham ShoalEgmere, Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm,Scira Offshore Energy, Walsingham, 6.30pm for 7pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected]/anglia-centralJason Halsey, plant and operationsmanager, will be hosting a follow up eventfrom the July 2013 visit. Sheringham Shoalis an operational renewable energy project.It has 88 turbines and two substationslocated off the north Norfolk coast. Theoperational shore-base is at Wells-next-the-Sea and a new operations centre atEgmere. No PPE required.
ICES Eastern & Midlands16 SEP 14: Concurrent delay: legal andprogramming issuesWeightmans, Birmingham, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/eastern-midlands/ICES E&M presents a one-hour seminar inconjunction with Weightmans Solicitors andDGA Construction Consultants. Theseminar will address wide and narrowdefinitions of concurrent delay; what thelaw says; the roles for ‘first in time’ ordominant delay; apportionment when bothparties are at fault; and retrospective andprospective approaches in delay analysis. Alight buffet will be served.
ICES Ireland & Northern Ireland20 JUN 2014: A night at the dogsHarold’s Cross Greyhound Stadium, Dublin 6.45pm,first race 8pmBookings: [email protected] and non-members welcome.
ICES North West & North Wales17 JUN 2014: BIM – Legal issuesHill Dickinson, Liverpool, 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/north-west-north-wales/David Oram will cover various issuessurrounding building informationmodelling, including the responsibilitiesand liabilities of contributors; the duties ofthe BIM model manager; responsibility fordesign errors, insurance, changes to thestandard form of construction contract andcopyright.07 JUL 14: Committee meetingICES HQ, Sale 6pm for 6.30pm15 JUL 2014: Scan to BIM and SEEABLE data Black and Veatch, Chester 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/north-west-north-wales/
Head OfficeDominion House, Sibson Road, Sale, Cheshire M33 7PP, United Kingdom
+44 (0)161 972 3100 www.cices.org
CEO: Bill Pryke � [email protected] Development & Membership Manager: Paul Brown � [email protected] Officer: Juliette Mellaza � [email protected] & Administration Manager: Serena Ronan � [email protected]: Louise Whittaker � [email protected] Assistant: Tom Johnson � [email protected] AdviceA legal hotline is available free of charge to ICES members from theinstitution’s advisory solicitors. Advisory SolicitorsJeremy Winter � +44 (0)20 7919 1000 � [email protected] Hosie � +44 (0)20 3130 3343 � [email protected] committees and panels are available to receive member queries. Commercial Management Practices CommitteeChair: David Kyte � [email protected] & Dispute Resolution PanelChair: Steve Williams � [email protected], Professional Development & Membership CommitteeChair: Steve Jackson � [email protected] & General Purposes CommitteeChair: Chris Birchall � [email protected] Engineering Practices CommitteeChair: Chris Preston � [email protected] Affairs CommitteeChair: Mike Sutton � [email protected] NetworkChair: Alex Maddison � [email protected] Anglia & CentralChair: John Elven � [email protected]: Gordon Clarke � [email protected] � www.cices.org/anglia-centralICE � www.ice.org.uk/eastofengland ICES Eastern & MidlandsChair: Derek Spalton � [email protected]: Lukasz Bonenberg � [email protected] � www.cices.org/eastern-midlandsICE � www.ice.org.uk/westmidlands www.ice.org.uk/eastmidlands ICES Hong KongChair: Michael Wong � [email protected]: Ralph Leung � [email protected] � www.cices.org.hk ICE � www.ice.org.uk/hongkong ICES Ireland & Northern Ireland Chair: Ken Stewart � [email protected]: Ciaran Bruton � [email protected] ICES � www.cices.org/irelandICE � www.ice.org.uk/ireland www.ice.org.uk/northernirelandICES Northern CountiesChair: Steve Aspinall � [email protected]: George Bothamley � [email protected] � www.cices.org/northern-countiesICE � www.ice.org.uk/northeastICES North West & North WalesChair: Mark Hudson � [email protected]: Jennii Chadwick � [email protected] � www.cices.org/north-west-north-walesICE � www.ice.org.uk/northwest www.ice.org.uk/walesICES ScotlandChair: Bob MacKellar � [email protected]: Mark Shaw � [email protected] � www.cices.org/scotland ICE � www.ice.org.uk/scotland ICES South EastChair: Eric Zeeven � [email protected] � www.cices.org/south-eastICE � www.ice.org.uk/london www.ice.org.uk/southeast ICES South West & South WalesChair: Mark Phillips � [email protected]: Steve Lailey � [email protected] ICES � www.cices.org/south-west-south-walesICE � www.ice.org.uk/wales www.ice.org.uk/southwestICES UAEChairman: Dhammika Gamage � [email protected] � www.cices.org/uaeICE � www.ice.org.uk/nearyou/Middle-East/United-Arab-EmiratesICES YorkshireChair: Neil Harvey � [email protected]: Matthew Lock � [email protected] � www.cices.org/yorkshireICE � www.ice.org.uk/yorkshire
next committee meeting. The committeewould welcome non-members who intendto pursue ICES membership or members ofother institutions. 06 JUN 2014: Committee meetingForthbank Stadium, Stirling, 7.30pmAll members, non-members andprospective members welcome.19 JUN 2014: Site visit to the Forth BridgeExperience Project (Historic Rail Bridge)William Tunnell Architecture, South Queensferry,5.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/In 2013 Network Rail appointed WTArchitecture to develop early proposalsfor visitor buildings for the historic ForthBridge. The project involves creation offacilities at both ends of the bridge, onefacilitating access to the bridge via awalk, and the other a more extensivevisitor centre beneath the Fife Cantileverof the bridge, giving access to the top ofthe bridge via hoists. William Tunnell willtalk about these proposals and will bejoined by Ian Heigh of Network Rail, whois leading the project and was headengineer for the recent restoration of thebridge. Complimentary drinks and nibbleswill be served.12 AUG 2014: Construction defectsMacRoberts, Glasgow, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/David Moss, partner, will present a seminaron the contractual responsibility for defects;investigating and remedying defects;recovery of losses; insurance, prescriptionand collateral warranties. Tea and coffee onarrival. Wine, nibbles and networkingafterwards.19 AUG 2014: Energy seminarMacRoberts, Edinburgh, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/Duncan Osler, partner, will discuss thenew EU Procurement Directives that wereagreed by the European Parliament on 15 January 2014 and will be consulted onby the Scottish government this year. It’sthe start of the two year period forimplementing these directives intonational law and new additional laws arealso expected as and when theprocurement reform bill is enacted. Teaand coffee on arrival. Wine, nibbles andnetworking afterwards.16 SEP 2014: Public sector property assetmanagementEC Harris, Edinburgh, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/Graham Hill, lead partner for EC HarrisScotland, will discuss best practiceguidance on current issues relating topublic sector asset management, coveringimproving public sector assets and reducingcosts; optimising public sector property
management; strategic best practice;changes to property assets; collaborationand public sector property vehicles.Refreshments available. The event is freeand open to all.30 SEP 2014: Expert witnessMacRoberts Glasgow, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/21 OCT 2014: How to start your own business —Risk, compliance and planning Young & Partners, Dunfermline, 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 3100 19 NOV 2014: The pen is mightier than the sword:Effective business writingMaclay Murray & Spens, Edinburgh 6pm for 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/scotland/
ICES South EastICES SE thanks Andy Rhoades of HeathrowAirport for his presentation last month onthe BIM project at the airport. In addition tothose planned, we hope to run two furtherevents in September on planning a majortunnel construction project like Crossrail,and remote piloted aerial systems. Furtherdetails to follow.26 JUN 14: 4D planningUCL, Chadwick Building (registration and receptionin G04 with the lecture in the Basement LT B05)London, 6.30pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/south-east/Christopher Brown, director of OakwoodEngineering, will talk about theinternational award winning GravesendStation remodelling. The station had toundergo a complex remodelling during a15-day full line blockade over Christmasand new year 2013/14. 4D BIM wasselected by Network Rail to virtuallyconstruct the station using 3D models andhourly programme data. The model wasused extensively within the project teamprior to the blockade, with a significantamount of benefits. The presentation willcover capturing 3D data; 3D model sources;determination of the level of detail;implementation within the project team;model uses; the blockade; and projectoutcome and lessons learned.
03 JUL 2014: Networking on the ThamesLondon, 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/south-east/An evening of socialising and networkingonboard a cruise of the River Thames.Sponsored by Topcon UK. There will be abuffet and cash bar onboard. 24 SEP 14: Concurrent delayWeightmans, London 5.30pm for 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/south-east/A talk covering the legal approach anddelay expert’s approach to concurrentdelay. Refreshments will be served.23 OCT 14: Surveying the Somme updateA talk by the La Boiselle Study Group.06 NOV 2014: Thames Tideway TunnelPinsent Masons, London13 NOV 2014: Infrastructure Information ServiceUnion Jack Club, LondonThis is a joint ICES/CIOB event.
ICES South West & South Wales21 JUN 2014: River cruise on the Tower Belle11.15am-3pm. £6 per ticketBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/bookings/Join ICES SWSW for a social andnetworking cruise from Bristol Harbourside.Regular CES contributor, Hamish Mitchellwill be giving a talk on the Bristol Channel.Attendees should meet at 11.15am atWapping Wharf by SS Great Britain. Theboat will depart at 11.45am sharp. Buffetand refreshments will be provided. Cashbar available. The cruise is sponsored byKeyline Builders Merchants.08 JUL 2014: Committee meetingAtkins Hub, Almondsbury nr Bristol BS32 4RZ 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/south-west-south-wales/A buffet will be served.09 SEP 2014: Committee meeting
Atkins Hub, Almondsbury nr Bristol BS32 4RZ 6pmBookings: Serena Ronan +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] www.cices.org/south-west-south-wales/A buffet will be served.06 JAN 2015: Committee meeting
ICES SE chair, Eric Zeeven introducing the BIM presentation. Delegates at the ICES SE Heathrow Airport BIM event.
ICES Dinner 2014
Chateau Impney, Droitwich Spa6.45pm, 19 September 2014 Tickets: £75.00*
Join ICES president Alan Barrow at Chateau Impney, one of the finest, mostauthentic examples of French chateau-style buildings in the UK that holds ahistory as enchanting as the building itself. The chateau was built in the 19thcentury by John Corbett who, after travelling to France, fell in love withbeautiful French governess Hannah Eliza O’Meara. They married in Paris andreturned to the UK to set up home. The couple had been charmed byVersailles and the French chateaux of the Loire Valley, and this undoubtedlyinfluenced the design for their own home. French architect AugusteTronquois was appointed to oversee the works, with a brief to design a grandchateau in the style of Louis XIII. In 1875, the spectacular Impney Hall andits grounds were completed, totally transforming the landscape with 155acres of parkland, lakes, waterfalls, tropical gardens, and over 3,000varieties of trees – many of which are still evident today.
+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
Dress code: Black tie
* Ticket price includes VAT
Sponsors
SOLD OUTWaiting list bookings only
Nominations for Council of ManagementThe institution is now seeking nominations from corporate members (MCInstCES andFCInstCES) to join its council of management. No previous experience of anycommittees or panels is necessary.
The institution is conscious to reflect the diversity of the industry and encouragesnominations from all those who are keen to help shape its future. New councilmembers, all of whom are directors and trustees of ICES, will receive a trustees’handbook outlining the role and responsibilities of a council member and literatureissued by the Charity Commission will be distributed. Expenses incurred in council
activities are reimbursed. The term of office commences following this year’s AGM on 20 September 2014. If you would like more information or to speak to an existing
member of council about what the role entails, please contact ICES CEO, Bill Pryke.
A nomination form has been distributed with this issue of Civil Engineering Surveyor. Additional forms are available on request from ICES HQ or via the website. Completed forms
must be returned to ICES by no later than noon on 7 July 2014.
ICES HQ: +44 (0)161 972 3100 [email protected] www.cices.org/downloads
New accreditation for DITThe institution has accredited DublinInstitute of Technology’s MSc course inapplied construction cost management.ICES Ireland and Northern Ireland chairKen Stewart presented the accreditationcertificate to DIT’s College of Engineeringand the Built Environment. DIT’sgeomatics degree programme is alreadyaccredited by ICES. Pictured above: (left to right) Charles Mitchell, Richard O’Carroll,Ken Stewart, Ciaran Bruton and Dr Alan V Hore.
MTR wins MeritA team from Hong Kong’s Mass TransitRailways has won the Merit competition forearly career civil engineering professionals.The competition, sponsored by theInstitution of Civil Engineers, sees teamscompete in a computer simulatedconstruction project.
Gordon Kwok, Dickie Chan, Henry Lam,Ellen Wong, Davy Chan and Dave Cheungwere presented the award by David Kyte ofthe joint ICES/ICE Management Panel.Pictured above: The MTR team finding out who has won.
ICES and IMCA to workclosely togetherICES and the International MarineContractors Association (IMCA) are to workmore closely together in the areas ofhydrographic and civil engineering surveyingin the marine environment. The twoorganisations signed a memorandum ofunderstanding on 14 May 2014, outliningcloser collaboration and co-operation. Underthe terms of the memorandum of
understanding, both ICES and IMCA acknowledge the competency of their respectivemembers. Offshore survey personnel working to the assured competency levels of IMCAcan use this as a demonstration of their competence for membership of ICES, whilst IMCAwill recognise the competence of ICES members within its international competencyframework for offshore survey work. Both organisations will promote continuingprofessional development and best practice, and have pledged to support the uptake anddevelopment of internationally recognised standards.
ICES chief executive officer Bill Pryke commented: “I am delighted to strengthen therelationship between our two organisations. I have a great respect for the valuable work ofIMCA and know that closer collaboration between us can only benefit the offshore surveyindustry. IMCA rightly acknowledges the competency of our members and ICES wouldwelcome membership applications from those working to the high standards ofprofessionalism and safety that IMCA embodies.”
IMCA technical director Jane Bugler said: “We view this as a win-win situation for bothorganisations and our global memberships. Closer collaboration and relations betweenassociations with the aim of continually raising technical standards and improvingcompetence is vital for our industry. Competence and training is an IMCA core activity andwe look forward to working closely with ICES in the coming months and years,encouraging our member companies to promote membership of ICES and the benefits ofCPD internally to their team members.”Pictured above: Jane Bugler signing the MOU with ICES president Alan Barrow.
BIM conference now onlinePresentations from the institution’s BIM conference are now available free to view online.Talks filmed include David Philp of the Cabinet Office’s BIM Task Group, Will Hackney ofLondon Underground, Malcom Taylor of Crossrail, Simon Rawlinson of EC Harris and ICESvice president Ian Bush of Survey4BIM.ICES BIM 2014 covered the theme of the developing role of the surveyor and was held atCanary Wharf, London in February. The videos are available via the downloads section ofthe ICES website www.cices.org/downloads
New accreditation for UWLThe institution has accredited five courses at the University of West London. Thefoundation degree, bachelors, honours and masters in civil and environmentalengineering, and masters in applied project management with internship, are all accreditedfor the next five years.
UK government agrees payment charter for constructionA new payment charter in the UK has been agreed by the government’s ConstructionLeadership Council. The charter sets out 11 fair payment commitments, including toreduce supply chain payment terms to 30 days from January 2018. The introduction of thepayment terms will be staggered; with 45 days in effect from June 2015, and 60 days withimmediate effect. Other commitments include not withholding cash retentions, notdelaying or withholding payment, making payments electronically, and the use of projectbank accounts on central government projects. There is also a pledge for a “transparent,honest, and collaborative approach when resolving differences and disputes.”
Companies represented on the Construction Leadership Council that have agreed tosign up to the charter include; Barratt Developments, Berkeley Group, British Land, ImtechUK, Kier, Laing O'Rourke, Skanska, Stanford Industrial Concrete Flooring and Stepnell.Peter Hansford, the government’s chief construction advisor, said: “This charter signifiesthe Construction Leadership Council’s commitment to small and medium-sized business,and the important role they play in the construction industry. Through the council, thegovernment is working very closely with industry to give businesses of all sizes theconfidence to invest — securing high skilled jobs and a stronger economy for everyone.”Kevin Louch, president of the National Specialist Contractors Council, said: “We want tosee 30-day payment terms on all construction projects, but we recognise that it will taketime for large businesses to adjust their business models over the next few years.”
The payment charter is part of a body of work to reduce initial and whole life costs by33% by 2025. The council is also looking to reduce the delivery time of constructionprojects by 50%, and greenhouse gas emissions in the built environment by 50% in thesame timeframe.
Approval for kit anti-theft systemThe Survey Association has approved ananti-theft scheme for surveying equipment.The police-approved security identificationsystem, from Datatag ID, uses overtwarnings and a number of covert markingsto make total stations a less attractive targetfor thieves. Each item will be marked withan unremovable chemical ‘DNA’ fingerprintthat will make it traceable by the police,and it will be impossible to remove thesecurity tags without leaving signs that ithas been tampered with.
Research from TSA has shown that inthe last 18 months, 30 total stations havebeen stolen from London’s Crossrail projectalone, with one recovered in Russia andone traced to Iraq. ICES fellow and TSApresident Graham Mills said: “Some of ourmembers have been threatened with knivesand have even had equipment wrestledfrom them in broad daylight. Personalsafety must be the main consideration, butwe know the knock-on impact can begreat. Downtime and delay leads to lossesin revenue and some insurance providersmay set restrictions or decline cover if siterisks are seen as too great.”Prices start from £49.99 (TSA member)£64.99 (non TSA) for the full system and£19.99 for the tripod kit when purchasedwith a full security systemwww.datatag.co.uk
The (CES) social network#Surveying Shipston sports club for changingroom refurb. Will miss that heady mix of sweat,deep heat etc for a while.
@hooksurvey
3D laser scanning survey at a mock junction atthe Top Gear track - cant see Mr Clarksonanywhere!!
Craig Simmonds
The UK government’s BIM Task Group will be wound down from the end ofthis year, prompting fears of a lack of central government support for publicsector bodies adopting BIM level two ahead of the government’s 2016deadline. What do you think?
BIM Experts
Pleased or annoyed. Lost a job today by £25!(less than 1% of the total value). Should I bepleased we are very competitive or annoyed itwas by such a small ammount?
R L Surveys
A project currently nicknamed the “China-Russia-Canada-America” line hasChina looking into plans for a high speed train between Beijing and the U.S.
Interesting Engineering
We're finally getting a new sign put on our officebuilding. Everyone who has ever tried to find usvia Sat Nav will appreciate this ;)
@MetConsGroup
At the airport. People who don't know how totravel swiftly through security should not beallowed to travel.
@JohnAmaechi
When An EngineerGoes to MacDonaldspic.twitter.com/MGfl8gbnE1
@WonderfulEngr
Oh God I think I'm anintrovert #wtrends14
@SuButcher
And in the 1940sthey thought#Asbestos wasimportant.
@Veritas_Office
Here it is: the Londontube map goesbeautifully circular.bit.ly/1eswRYx
@simongarfield
PAS1192-3: 60 minutes of my lifeI'm never gettingback.
@NigelPDavies
The Richard Carter PrizeGeospatial Engineer 2014
Nomination ProceduresOpen to members and non-members of ICESThe closing date for nominations is 30 June 2014
Visit the website for full detailswww.cices.org/awards
*includes accommodation and dinner costs for the winner
Cheque for £500
Commemorative certificate
Richard Carter Prize will be presented to the winner at the institution dinner*
Farewell to Cockcroft’s FolliesDecommissioning of the last Windscale chimney at the Sellafield nuclear site has reachedthe half-way point. The 530 tonne filter gallery is currently being demolished before workcan begin to dismantle the 110m tall chimney.
High performance filters were fitted in the chimneys in the 1940s at the insistence ofthe Nobel prize-winning physicist John Cockcroft. Because the chimney barrels had beendesigned and partially built, they produced bulges at the top of the structures, whichbecame known as Cockcroft’s Follies. The filters, however, worked as they had beendesigned to during a fire at Windscale Pile One in 1957 and prevented much of theradioactive contamination escaping to the local area. Over half the filter gallery has beendemolished and it is estimated that 172 tonnes of steelwork, 66 tonnes of brick and 150tonnes of concrete have been brought down so far — over 5,000 tonnes of materials intotal is to be removed during full demolition to ground level. The waste is monitored tocheck for any contamination and most of it has been found to be suitable for disposal atthe Sellafield landfill.
Jeremy Hunt, Sellafield’s head of decommissioning projects, said: “The challengesposed by the pile chimney are unique and no other structure in the world provides thesame complexity in terms of both radiological and conventional decommissioningconstraints. There’s no instruction manual for the job and we have to prove thedecommissioning techniques chosen can be used 100% safely on the congested Sellafieldsite.” It is expected the filter gallery will be fully dismantled by October 2014.
Overground options for HS2/CrossrailWSP has been appointed by Transport forLondon to develop and recommendoptions for a London overground stationto link to the proposed HS2/Crossrailinterchange at Old Oak Common. WSP isto provide railway engineering andinfrastructure services for a Grip 3 study of three options. Architect Farrells is to provide masterplanning andarchitectural support.
Project director Dave Darnell said: “Thisis a hugely exciting scheme that has thepotential to create a major new regionaltransport hub, taking some of the demandoff existing overloaded routes byproviding links to HS2 from the west andsouthwest without travelling into centralLondon, and offering better access into thearea of Old Oak Common for existing andfuture residents.”
Solar role to play in biodiversityGuidance on how to turn solar farms intobiodiversity havens has been launched atKew Gardens. Solar farms typically take upless than 5% of the land they are on andthe guidance urges solar farms to beplanned to enhance existing designatedhabitats and develop corridors to improvespace for wildlife. Research by the guide’sauthor, Dr Guy Parker, shows that solarfarms demonstrably increase biodiversitycompared to farmed or neglected land.One of the case studies in the studyfeatures a partnership by Solarcentury andthe Bumblebee Conservation Trust to boostbumblebee populations, which have beenin significant decline in recent years.
Around 2.5GW of solar farms havealready been delivered in the UK. The SolarTrade Association wants to see around10GW by 2020 which would requirearound 0.1% of UK land. The guidance,published by BRE, has been developed inpartnership with numerous ecologyorganisations including the National Trust,Royal Society for the Protection of Birds,Bumblebee Conservation Trust, EdenProject, and the Solar Trade Association.
Water contract for BalfoursBalfour Beatty has been awarded £115mof work by Anglian Water as part of its£1.3b Asset Management Plan 6 periodfrom 2015 to 2020. Balfour Beatty will beproviding design and construction servicesfocused on clean water infrastructure(water mains), and wastewater pipes andnon-infrastructure projects, includingtreatment works.
Balfour Beatty will be part of analliance being put together by AnglianWater and will be based at an integratedoffice in Peterborough.
First aid planned for BerthaBertha, the tunnel boring machine that broke down on the Alaskan Way viaduct projectin Seattle, is to resume digging in March 2015. Construction began last month on anaccess pit to reach Bertha and carry out repairs, which include replacing the mainbearing, installing a more robust seal system and adding monitoring equipment. Testingof the repaired TBM is expected to commence in February next year, with theresumption of tunnelling set for the following month.
The updated construction timeline delays tunnel boring by up to 16 months, butcontractor Seattle Tunnelling Partners hopes to recover up to four months to meet therevised tunnel opening date of November 2016.
Kazakhstan views the worldKazakhstan’s first Earth observation satellitehas been placed successfully in orbit.KazEOSat-1 was launched last month fromthe European Spaceport in French Guiana.
The satellite, built by Airbus Defenceand Space, weighs 900kg and has animaging resolution of 1m. It is expected toprovide Kazakhstan with a complete rangeof civil applications, including monitoringof natural and agricultural resources, theprovision of mapping data, securityapplications, and support for rescueoperations.
KazEOSat-2, a medium resolution sistersatellite, is now being built by SSTL, whileAirbus Defence and Space is buildingPeru’s first Earth observation satellite.
Monitoring a 600-year-old roofSensors have been installed in London’s Westminster Hall to monitor the effects oftemperature and humidity on the roof. Built in 1097, Westminster Hall is the oldestbuilding on the Parliamentary estate. Its hammer-beam roof, commissioned in 1393 byRichard II, is the largest medieval timber roof in northern Europe, measuring 21m by 73mand 30m tall.
Caption Data Limited supplied a number of battery powered wireless sensors to beinstalled throughout the roof structure. The base station, located out of sight, willautomatically transmit data via the mobile phone network to the cloud. In addition to thesensors inside the hall, there will be a weather station on the roof which will measurewind speed, rain, sunshine, temperature and humidity, and correlate this data with thatcollected internally. The Parliamentary Estate’s directorate involved in the conservationproject will be able to view trends of data online to establish the best conservationtreatments for the internal stonework and roof timbers.
In brief: CMS-Geotech has launched a newoperations base in Lowestoft, Suffolk,specialising in geotechnical equipment hire,surveys and seabed sampling, specialistvessel charter and marine surveyconsultancy support services. • Skanska hasbegun building the first railway tunnel inNorway constructed with a tunnel boringmachine. The £130m tunnel, part of thelarge railway extension at Arna-Bergen, isdue to be completed in summer 2021. •The new €265m domestic terminal at IzmirAdnan Menderes International Airport inwestern Turkey has opened. Mott MacDonaldacted as technical advisor to a consortiumof lenders on the project. • Turner &Townsend has been appointed by NationalGrid to provide professional managementservices across the gas, electricity and non-regulated businesses. The consultancy hasbeen awarded a three to five yearframework with subconsultants QEMSolutions and PCS Hyder. • Hydro Internationalhas released a guide to surface watertreatment in sustainable drainage systems.The HX Guide to Surface Water Treatmentis available at www.hydro-int.com • NickZembillas has joined Subscan as executivedirector. • Environmental Scientifics Group hasbeen awarded an intrusive groundinvestigation contract by Scottish Water,including land-based and overwater workto improve water quality in the River Clyde.
Midlands councils opt for civil engineering frameworkA new national framework with an anticipated value of between £1b and £1.5b is beingprocured by local council conglomerate Scape to support clients in delivering civilengineering and infrastructure projects. Scape, comprising Derby City, Derbyshire County,Gateshead, Nottingham City, Nottinghamshire County and Warwickshire County councils,will operate the framework nationwide but deliver services locally.
Mark Robinson, Scape chief executive, said: “The framework will be able to deliver onlarge-scale, high profile projects such as associated infrastructure around HS2, however itwill meet the immediate need of the large number of public sector bodies carrying outprojects such as flood defence work, footbridges, public realm and local road networkimprovements. This new framework will obviate the need for expensive individual OJEUtenders and will bring the benefits of a client collective.”
Scape envisages a single provider will be awarded the framework, but expects this tobe a consortium formed to bid for the deal. A prior information notice in the OfficialJournal of the European Union has been published.
Same tune, different songName: Daniel Coates
ICES grade: Member
Occupation: Project Manager
Company: Goodwin Midson, Brisbane
Whilst the core principles ofsurveying remain the same,there are different legislationsand regulations to adhere to.
What encouraged you to join the construction industry?In some ways it was not a planned decision — more of something that developed. I wasalways looking for a career that would encompass a balanced lifestyle and allow fortravel opportunities.
What academic or professional qualifications do you have? I have a degree in geography, surveying and mapping science from the University ofNewcastle upon Tyne. In addition to being a member of ICES, I am also a full member ofthe Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.
What does a typical day involve?My current role involves the management of complex projects, with the day to daysupervision of survey staff. Additionally, I liaise with local governments, governmentagencies and clients to ensure projects are running on schedule.
Can you give an example of any recent projects you have been working on?Recent projects have included large residential subdivisions and civil construction. Twokey projects have been Riverstone Rise, a 3,000 lot masterplanned communitydevelopment in Boyne Island, centralQueensland and the Yarwun residualmanagement area, a civil constructionproject relating to the raising of a dam wallto increase capacity.
What are the good bits and bad bits about your job?The good part about my job is being able to travel and visit sites that manypeople don’t know exist. You get to see a vast array of locations and develop skills through interacting with different professionals.
There aren’t many bad parts to workingin the surveying profession however it has
certainly become more challenging since the global financial crisis, with projects becomingmore cost sensitive and surveyors having to look at ways to diversify and become moreefficient without losing quality.
If you were to recommend your job to someone else, what would you say?Surveying is not a typical nine to five job; however it provides opportunities to use thelatest technologies in a good working environment. There is a great mix of outdoor andindoor work and there are the opportunities to travel.
What’s been your biggest career challenge?Relocating to Australia has certainly been a challenge in many aspects. There has been alot to learn and many new skills to develop. Whilst the core principles of surveying remainthe same, there are different legislations and regulations to adhere to. However, so far ithas been a good adventure.
If you could change one thing about the construction industry, what would it be?The nature of the construction industry means it can be sometimes be a high pressuredenvironment with everyone wanting something at once from the surveyor. Lead in
times and priorities can change veryquickly so you have to be on the ball andsometimes educate the client to give thema better understanding of what theyrequire and when.
Where would you like to take your future career?Currently I am working towards becominga registered surveyor with the SurveyorsBoard of Queensland. I will then look toobtain a cadastral endorsement in order tobecome a licenced surveyor.
What encouraged you to join ICES?I believe ICES has an important role to playin the geospatial industry, especiallythrough the promotion of legislation andservices, and the development and trainingof professionals.
Have you had any involvement with the ICESregions, committees or panels?Prior to emigrating to Australia I had startedbecoming more involved in the institution,especially helping to develop approveddevelopment schemes.
What are your hobbies and interests?I enjoy playing music and have been inbands for longer than I have beensurveying! I have played guitar since anearly age and whenever possible I will bedoing something musical.
RUDI KLEIN, president of the NEC Users’ Group, opened the 18th annualseminar on 28 April this year. This seemed a fitting milestone as 2014 is also the21st anniversary of the New Engineering Contract, the former coming of age as
currently adopted, and the latter the correct interpretation to those of us over a certainage. Points of interest noted by Rudi included the launch of the new NEC website inJune, the forthcoming publication of NEC building information modelling contracts andthe new NEC3 engineering construction contract project manager accreditation initiative.
Government projectsThe keynote presentation was given by Lord Deighton, commercial secretary to theTreasury, and former chief executive of the London Organising Committee of the Olympicand Paralympic Games (LOCOG). He recently led the production of the HS2 GrowthTaskforce report, High Speed 2: Get Ready. The presentation started by emphasising theOlympic initiative which was a resounding success for both the NEC and government.
Lord Deighton set out the government’s commitment to the National Infrastructure Planto the tune of £375b, albeit the dreaded term PFI (or is that now PF2?) was mentioned as akey element of that plan. Another point was that the current planning regime was oftenopen to abuse and was being made more efficient and effective with, inter alia, a newplanning court being introduced.
The capability to deliver is obviously a key factor and this is being addressed. Forexample, independent delivery mechanisms such as HS2 and the Highways Agency arebeing made more independent. Quality is being made a priority — starting at the top withgovernment and cascading down the supply chain. NEC3 is seen as the mechanism todeliver projects on time and to budget and it is incumbent on the government to progressthe National Infrastructure Plan in terms of project driven timelines and not political ones.Whilst Lord Deighton was obviously committed to the points raised, it is still to be seen ifgovernment, of whatever colour or conviction, can deliver.
Commercial pitfallsPhil Joyce, director of specialist chartered accountancy practice Orange Partnership, spokeabout top commercial pitfalls and how NEC3 can help to avoid them. There are severalcommon themes at the root of unpleasant commercial surprises:
• Complacency in failing to spot and/or deal with problems, and over-reliance on thepain/gain mechanism, which leads to a lack of policing of procedures and processesand the timely identification of problems.• Different contractual interpretations, such as application of the schedule of costcomponents; how changes are recorded, evidenced and validated; and the subcontractbeing adequately documented.• Weakness in reporting; incurred cost reporting and accruals capture; assessment ofthe effect of changes and earned value in general.• Breakdown in commercial processes; use of early warning notices and mitigation inthe event of changes; reporting of subcontractor performance and lack of employerinvolvement through the supply chain.• Fraud allowed to occur through lack of oversight and/or ownership, and lack ofinfrastructure to manage, deter and detect it.
The primary solution was, perhaps unsurprisingly, to implement competent, independentand risk-focused assurance to highlight and address problems early. Other morefundamental points were to apply the contract, be open to challenge and improvement,and actively manage risks and opportunities. The issues identified are nothing radical, butthey are a reminder that it can often be a failure to address the basics that can lead to lessthan acceptable contract performance.
Is NEC coming of age?Steven Williams LLDip DipBar DipArb FRICS FCIArb CArb FCInstCES, Director, SDW Commercial Management
Steven Williams on thelatest views and news ofthe New EngineeringContract as it celebratesits 21st birthday
The Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors is a registered educational charity.
Contact: ICES PublishingChartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
Managing with the MMHWAn examination of the use of the Method of Measurement for Highway Works
Hamish Mitchell FCInstCES
A book that is long overdue.It is well researched andwritten by one of the mostexperienced highwayquantity surveyors in theUK, Hamish Mitchell. Thisbook will help practitionersand students alike understand highwaymeasurement in a much more structuredway than was previously possible.
Highway measurement is not just measurementA new book from ICES covering the background, development and usage of the MMHW. Author Hamish Mitchell presents case studies and examples to help readers understand thepracticalities of highway measurement.
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The Manchester experienceStephen Williamson, commercial managerof Manchester City Council, has worked asthe commercial leader for the £170mrefurbishment of the Manchester Town Hallcomplex for the last four years. He spokeabout the challenging programme for theTown Hall extension and library. Both weredesigned by E Vincent Harris in 1927,completed in 1938, and are now Grade 2*listed and part of a civic complex of worldclass status. The programme was totransform both the way in which citycouncil services are delivered and theworking environment, whilst creating aninnovative and contemporary designembedded in a historic setting to enablethe buildings to continue to function as alibrary and the administrative centre forManchester City Council.
The nature of the project with itspotential for change in response tounforeseen, and indeed unforeseeable,problems lends itself to the use of option C.A key aspect of the council’s approach tothe successful use of NEC3 was to ensureeveryone, from employer down throughthe supply chain, acted as one team. Thesuccess of that approach was evidenced bythe following statistics. The contract wasNEC3 option C with minor amendments,delivering the project by the completiondate and within the authorised budget andwith the final account agreed four weeksprior to completion. This was achieveddespite 1,051 early warnings, 560 projectmanager generated compensation eventsand 210 notifications of compensationevents. The following points of addedvalue were also achieved (none of whichwas a contractual requirement); 80 longterm apprenticeships, 75 work placements,85% of the budget spent within GreaterManchester and 100% of the supply chainpaid within 30 days (without use of aproject bank account).
The Hong Kong experienceWai Tsui, deputy director of the Hong KongDrainage Services Department, reportedthat he currently has five NEC projectsunder construction and a further 20planned. The first NEC project was the FukMan Road Nullah improvement in SaiKung, which commenced in August 2009and was successfully completed in May2012 — six months ahead of programmeand with a 5% cost saving.
Prior to this, the Hong Konggovernment procured work under theGeneral Conditions of Contract (GCC), afamily of contracts for various types ofworks based on the Institution of CivilEngineers conditions. Followingpublication of the Construction IndustryReview Committee report in January 2001,Construct for Excellence, whichrecommended the integration of partnering
and alternative payment methods (such astarget cost, pain-gain share), thegovernment introduced non-contractualpartnering under adversarial contractforms. In 2006, the government decided totake the process one significant stepfurther by adopting NEC and contractualpartnering. The Drainage ServicesDepartment was chosen for the pilot trial— the Fuk Man Road project thatcommenced some three years later.
The challenges to the introduction ofNEC were outlined and generally associatedwith maintaining the status quo. However,the benefits of the use of NEC3 wereobviously apparent to the Hong Konggovernment, as is demonstrated by theexpanding programme of current andplanned projects. Wai Tsui offered furtherexamples such as the Happy Valleyunderground stormwater storage schemewhich encountered a conflict with HECcables that threatened progress and wouldhave had an unacceptable impact on thehorse racing calendar, given its status as alocal passion. The partnering approachallowed a solution to be found andimplemented that allowed the horse racingto proceed without hindrance.
Amendments to NEC3 were touchedupon and, whilst the majority were inresponse to the specific nature of themarket and environment, for example theinclement weather provisions under clause60.1(13), one notable amendment removespositive cashflow from the contract, withclause 11.2(29) referring to payments madeby the contractor at the current, rather thansubsequent assessment, date.
What route will HS2 take?Richard Mould, head of corporateprocurement at HS2 Ltd and former head ofprocurement of LOCOG, looked at the useof NEC3 for the successful procurementwithin HS2. The key statistics for HS2 are330 miles of new track; nine HS2 stations(four new) and a budget of £42.6b(including £14.4b contingency). Theprocurement strategy is to be:
• Tunnels: £2,900m in four mainpackages of work, adopting earlycontractor involvement (ECI) based onNEC3 using an employer preparedpreliminary design and an integratedcontractor and designer team appointedunder an incentivised two-stage contractwith a break point between the stages.• Surface route: £2,700m in three to sixmain packages of work, adopting thesame ECI approach.• Stations: £2,600m in four mainpackages (one main per station, subjectto rationalisation), adopting the sameECI approach.• Enabling works: £600m with a newframework agreement established.
• Railway systems: £1,500m in four tosix route-wide packages, adoptingeither the same ECI approach, or designand build.• Design services: £350m inmultidisciplinary packages, adopting aframework approach based on NEC3.• Rolling stock: £200m+ in a singlepackage, adopting a bespoke contract.
The current market engagement phase isexamining the work packaging approachunder several topics to arrive at anupdated procurement strategy and asupply chain conference later in 2014. Thecurrent supply chain involvement in theprocess includes 400 suppliers taking partas a direct result of the marketengagement; seven seminars arranged withumbrella trade associations and eight localenterprise partnership seminars arranged. Itis worth noting that NEC3 is to be a basisfor the work package contracts, so it is tobe seen if HS2 follows other infrastructureclients by amending the standard form outof all recognition.
RiskAn eclectic panel of experts from employerto insurance broker and risk managementadviser, responded to questions posed bythe session chair, Tiffany Kemp and theaudience. The issue of risk transfer wasraised in the context of earlycontractor/subcontractor involvement toidentify, quantify and manage riskprospectively. This was supported by allmembers as a useful initiative. Anotherissue was the greater use of blame-freemulti-party risk cover on projects, ratherthan the usual trend of each party at alllevels of the supply chain takingresponsibility for defined elements,providing insurance cover and defendingits position in the event of an incident.There was some debate and consensus thatthe balance of power within the supplychain is shifting downwards as theeconomy is recovering, i.e. subcontractorsand contractors can begin to be moreselective about the projects they bid for andat what price.
This was a thought invoking and interestingevent. One aspect that struck me was theclose-knit group that was present at theevent, it was obvious that a largeproportion of delegates were long-standingcolleagues and acquaintances thatfacilitated an atmosphere of a convivialgathering of like-minded professionals.
Steven Williams FCInstCES, SDW Commercial Management Ltd Steven Williams is the chair of the ICESContracts and Dispute Resolution [email protected]
NOT all maps are geographicallyaccurate. Most of the maps thatform part of our cultural heritage
are geographically inaccurate; MappaMundi, Harry Beck’s Tube map, the CatalanAtlas... Not to undervalue the work ofnational mapping agencies throughout theworld, but Ordnance Survey’s Explorerseries isn’t necessarily something ourdescendents will be going to a gallery ormuseum to see. Thank heavens forcartography as art.
Gareth Wood, going by the name Fuller,has recently completed his map of Bristol.It is a hand-drawn depiction of a city hehas lived in for four years. It has taken him500 hours and countless architectural pensto produce the work on a 900mm x 900mmarchival mount board. It has taken threeyears to complete — a part-timeundertaking in addition to his full-timework as a video and film producer.
Fuller’s work isn’t to scale physically, butit does represent the city’s personality. Thebuildings that are included are ones thathave left their mark on the artist and thosehe has come into contact with through hiseveryday life in Bristol. It’s a personal mapappealing to the personal experiences ofthose who are viewing it. It is acartographical love letter to Bristol.
With Bristol now complete, anothercityscape will be slowly handcrafted backto life. Fuller plans to bring his unfinishedmap of London out of storage. Abigail Tomkins
Fuller’s Map of Bristol is to go on display atIt’s All 2 Much in Bristol from 31 May 2014.www.fullermaps.comImagery © Luke Thornton,www.lthorntonphotography.co.uk
Fuller mapping
BEAUTIFUL Science is the name of the first exhibition you come across onentering the British Library. It’s a celebration of how graphical and pictorialrepresentations of data can help people understand the science behind them.
Looking through the library’s antiquarian map collection, it’s a perfect description ofhow civil engineering surveyors work. Maps and drawings are often a pictorial way ofshowing past achievements in the built environment or how you envisage future gloriesto be. It is these two categories that make up the bulk of the 4 million maps includedin the collection. Despite the beauty and care that goes into these, the real finds are,according to antiquarian map curator Tom Harper, the working maps in the middle —the ones that get thrown away.
You can understand why this happens. Maps serve a function and when that ceases,they become obsolete. The velum becomes more valuable than the figures drawn on it.Many important and valuable maps have been found living a recycled life as bookbindings. One working map that has survived is Gregory King’s sketch of the areaaround St Katharine Docks after the Great Fire of London. Dating back to 1680, TomHarper describes it as a ‘miracle in its survival’. The squares of buildings sittingalongside a wonky river are a physical link to the hand that drew them. Making it moreendearing are the diary notes scribbled to the side that include:
“Friday, survey afternoon sans assistance”
You can almost hear the frustration at his assistant failing to turn up for work that day.Gregory King never intended this sketch to be looked at in 2014. He would probably
Behind the scenes at the map museumDarrell Smart, Editor, and Abigail Tomkins, Deputy Editor, with Tom Harper, Curator of Antiquarian Mapping, British Library
A pick of some of the bestmaps celebrating civilengineering available atthe British Library
A copper engraved print of Bonsignori’s map of Florence: NovaPulcherrimae Florentiae Topographia accuratissimé delineata.Bonsignori is pictured in the bottom centre, surveying his work.
cringe when he thought that this,amongst all of his life’s work, was part ofhis lasting testament. But, again, that’spart of the beauty. Sometimes seeing ascrap of paper 350 years old withannotations in the margin that are justlike those you write today is just asexciting as a copper engraved print of amapping masterpiece. And there areplenty of those in the collection.
The British Library holds one of thehandful of remaining original prints ofStefano Bonsignori’s map of Florencefrom 1584. Spread out over nine sheets, itwas produced to celebrate the civilengineering feats in the city over the lastfew decades; to revel in civic pride. It is abird’s eye view, based on a detailedmeasured plan of the city, and Bonsignoridraws himself, sitting on an imaginaryrocky outcrop, quadrant in hand,surveying the work he has surveyed. It isbeautiful. And yet there is a constantreminder of its primary use as afunctional object. At some point in its 430year old history it’s been cut into piecesand stuck to a linen sheet to makestorage that bit easier.
The inclusion of the surveyor on hisown work isn’t so unusual. Many of thelarge estate maps feature intricately drawnmotifs that identify the surveyor by theirstyle. Tagging as it were. The fusion of artand surveying is clear in a collection ofmaps drawn for Henry VIII. It is acollection brought together by Sir RobertCotton in Elizabeth I’s time. It forms partof the royal collection now cared for bythe British Library. The maps are full ofmilitary plans for forts and harbours toprotect the vulnerable south coast of
England. These are maps that were hand-drawn for the king and had far-reachingconsequences. The seas are filled withbattle ships and bare-toothed monsters. AsTom Harper says: “It’s very hard toreconcile what is to us a very attractiveartful map with its practical purpose. Butif you’re producing something for veryimportant people, you make it look nice.”
The draining of the Fens — one of themajor civil engineering projects of the17th century — warranted maps that wereequally attractive. The Duke of Bedford’sproject sought approval from Charles I.The British Library is lucky to have anoriginal drawing of the area and a 1625map based on that drawing. You can seethe similarity of the sketched survey, andthe pimped up plan for the king.
The use of maps in propaganda isn’t anew concept and the library’s collectionreinforces there is nothing new under thesun. For example, a map that shows a
(Top left): One of the earliest maps in the British Library’scollection. Dating from the 13th century, it celebrates a newwatercourse carrying water from local springs to Waltham Abbey.(Top right): A coloured chart of Falmouth Haven and the river Falup to Truro; drawn in 1597. Part of Sir Robert Cotton’s royalcollection. The cartographer is unknown.(Above): A coloured plan of Dover Harbour and town, showing LordCobham's plan for a second sluice to the pent. Drawn in 1582 byThomas Digges using ink and pigments on vellum.
proposed new rail line through leafy Tory supporting Buckinghamshire was used todrum support before a public meeting. This map is from 1874 and relates to theproposed (and successful) extension of the Metropolitan Line. Another 150 years andTom Harper’s successor will be presenting similar material relating to the proposed(and successful?!) HS2 to the editors of Civil Engineering Surveyor.
There are too many gems in the collection for there to be any one standout item inthe British Library. The collection is open to anyone who wants to see it. The mapreading room has especially large tables for the purpose. It could be the 13th centurymap of a watercourse built to supply Waltham Abbey, and found bound within themanuscript collection of the 1st and 2nd Earls of Oxford, that leaves the deepestimpression; or it could be Edmund Crocker’s notebook from the early 1800s detailinghis work for Ordnance Survey; or maybe Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s plans for the railline on Portishead Pier. The maps tell a story — not just in what they were created for,but in the journey they have taken to find a safe home at the British Library. Many havetravelled across continents; suffering wars, great fires, floods and frosts.
Tom Harper’s antiquarian remit of anything older that 100 years means his charge isever changing, but will it eventually cease to be a source of new material? Will theBritish Library’s digital map curator become an e-antiquarian? Are rumours of the deathof printed maps greatly exaggerated? Tom Harper’s answer is: “I think people shouldrelax a bit more. At the end of the day, it doesn’t really matter what form maps take.The map won’t die. Maps are ways of organising our minds.”
Tom Harper, Curator of Antiquarian Mapping, was with Darrell Smart and AbigailTomkins at the British Library, Euston Road, [email protected] Tweet @tw_harperwww.bl.uk Tweet: @blmaps http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/magnificentmaps/All images ©The British Library
(Top and middle): Map accompanying a printed letter to landowners from a committee at High Wycombe. The letter requests opinions ona proposed railway to link the town to the Metropolitan Railway. (Bottom): A chart of the Fens between Lynn Regis, Denver Sluice and Wisbich. Drawn in 1610 by the cartographer William Hayward, usingink and tempera on parchment.
Professional Engineering Institutions DefenceLecture: The Drawdown of UK Support andInfluence in Helmand Province02 June 2014: London, UKwww.ice.org.uk
Bentley LEARNing Conferences02-04 June 2014: Birmingham, UK17-18 June 2014: Arizona, USA 15-16 July 2014: Pennsylvania, USA 29-30 July 2014: Maryland, USA, 09-10 September 2014: North Carolina, USA 06-07 October 2014: Mainz, Germany 08-09 October 2014: Mainz, Germanywww.bentley.com/en-US/Training
GeoDATA03 June 2014: Brussels, Belgium05 June 2014: Amsterdam, Netherlands04 November 2014: Glasgow, UK20 November 2014: Belfast, UK04 December 2014: London, UKwww.geoinformationgroup.co.uk
HxGN Live02-05 June 2014: Las Vegas, USAwww.hxgnlive.com
Geo: The Big 5 — BIM and Asset Management05 June 2014: Bristol, UKwww.agi.org.uk
ICE Bridges 201405 June 2014: London, UKwww.ice-conferences.com
Sea Work International 201410-12 June 2014: Southampton, UKwww.seawork.com
FIG Congress 201416-21 June 2014: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysiawww.fig.net
10th Brunel International Lecture17 June 2014: London, UKwww.ice.org.uk
Contracts & Dispute Management24-25 June 2014: London, UK10% saving with VIP code: FKW82468CICLwww.ibclegal.com/FKW82468CICL
Asset Information & Data Management for Rail 26 June 2014: London, UKwww.railassetinformation.com
CIArb Four Ball Scramble Challenge27 June 2014: Enniskerry, Irelandwww.arbitration.ie
ICE Rail 201401 July 2014: London, UKwww.ice-conferences.com
Government Construction Summit 201402 July 2014: London, UKwww.governmentconstructionsummit.co.uk
AfricaGEO01-03 July 2014: Cape Town, South Africawww.africageo.org
Charting and Mapping the Pitcairners 06-10 July 2014: Norfolk Island, NZwww.fig.net
Construction Law Summer School01-04 September 2014: Cambridge, UK10% saving with VIP code: FKW82466CICLwww.ibclegal.com/FKW82466CICL
CTBUH International Conference16-19 September 2014: Shanghai, Chinawww.ctbuh.org
Geo: The Big 5 — Big Data18 September 2014: London, UKwww.agi.org.uk
ICES Dinner19 September 2014: Droitwich Spa, UKwww.cices.org/events
Geo: The Big 5 — Policy09 October 2014: Cardiff, UKwww.agi.org.uk
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Surgeries cover eligibility, application documents and the membership review interviews. They areequally suitable for applicants wishing to become technical members, members or fellows. Surgeriesare informal and the aim is to ensure that you understand if you are eligible to apply, how to write-upyour documentation and interpret the competencies. Plus, find out how to make the most of yourreview interview.
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QATAR is a compelling commercial proposition for theUK construction sector. In turn, arbitration appears tobe a necessary proposition for conducting business
there, but there may be problems in enforcing arbitrationawards, especially those carried out under Qatari rules.
The problem came to light when a controversial decision wasrendered by the Qatari Court of Cassation in 2012, where adomestic award (not foreign) issued under the auspices of theQatar International Centre for Conciliation and Arbitration wasdeclared null and void because it failed to state that it was issuedin the name of His Highness the Emir of Qatar. The courtdetermined that the wording of the constitution and state lawrequired this wording to be included in any judgment for it to bevalid. It further held that there was no distinction between acourt judgment and an arbitral award under state law; therefore,any failure of an arbitral award (which was deemed to be akin toa judgment) to include this wording would render it null andvoid and contrary to public order.
By way of general background, arbitration in Qatar is dealtwith under articles 190 to 210 of the Qatari Civil and CommercialCode of Procedure (law no. 13 of 1990). Article 205 of the civilprocedure code treats arbitral awards as though they were courtjudgments and arbitral awards are therefore subject to appeals.Article 63 of the Qatari constitution states:
“Judicial authority shall be vested in the courts in the mannerprescribed in this constitution and judgments shall be issuedin the name of the Emir.”
Further, article 69 of the civil procedure code provides that:
“Judgments are issued and executed in the name of HH theEmir of the State of Qatar.”
Article 204 provides that arbitrators’ judgments are notenforceable unless an order of execution is granted by thepresident of the court with whose clerk the original judgmentwas registered, upon request of any of the concerned parties.This execution order is granted after consideration of thejudgment and the arbitration agreement, and after confirmationthat there is no obstacle against its enforcement, the executionorder shall be endorsed on the original judgment. Theenforcing judge has jurisdiction over all questions relating toenforcement. Finally, we need to also take account of article207 according to which a party may request the setting aside ofarbitrators’ judgments if the award breaches any rule of publicorder or morality.
A recent judgment of the Qatari Court of Cassation (thehighest court in Qatar) has overturned lower court decisions andreinstated an International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) awardissued in 2012 by a sole arbitrator seated in Doha. The arbitratorhad found in favour of a Qatari subcontractor in its claim against
Qatar arbitration: Be carefulHamish Lal FCInstCES, Partner and Head of Construction, Jones Day
Hamish Lal on problems inenforcing arbitrationawards under Qatari rules
a locally incorporated joint venturebetween Qatari and foreign companies.The arbitration and the underlyingcontract were governed by Qatari law. ADoha court of first instance had set asidethe award in April 2013, with thatjudgment upheld by the Doha Court ofAppeal. At both instances, the courtsrelied on the 1990 Qatari civil procedurelaw, which does not distinguish betweendomestic and foreign arbitral awards. Theearlier courts’ decisions had causedconcern. One tangible concern was thatcertain arbitrators abroad were not willingto render awards in the name of a head ofstate such as an Emir.
The Court of Cassation’s reasoning inoverturning the judgment made by thelower courts is interesting and may not beas encouraging as first assumed. This isbecause whilst the arbitration in questionwas seated in Qatar, between Qatarientities, in respect of a Qatari project andwith Qatari law governing, the arbitralproceedings were under the ICC rules.This latter fact allowed the Court ofCassation to treat it as a foreign awardsuch that the New York Conventionshould apply for enforcement purposes.The court said there was no defect withthe award and the award was sent back tothe Court of Appeal for reconsideration.
It remains to be seen whether the lowerQatari courts will follow the Court ofCassation’s interpretation. In practice,much will turn on whether the award canbe construed to be foreign, if so, therewill be more pressure on the Qatar courtsto enforce under the New YorkConvention. If it is not, then one mayfind that the courts continue to apply astrict interpretation to article 63 of theQatari constitution and/or to article 69 ofthe Qatari civil procedure code whichstate, respectively that “judicial authorityshall be vested in the courts in themanner prescribed in this constitutionand judgments shall be issued in thename of the Emir” and that “judgmentsare issued and executed in the name ofHH the Emir of the State of Qatar.”
There is tangible uncertainty in thisarea and it appears that somepractitioners are seeking to make surethat arbitrations with any Qatari entitiescontain an arbitration agreement that says that the award shall be deemed tobe foreign and, in any event, the award should be rendered in the name of the Emir.
Hamish Lal, PartnerHead of Construction, Jones [email protected]
The problem came to lightwhen a domestic award wasdeclared null and void becauseit failed to state that it wasissued in the name of HisHighness the Emir of Qatar.
ULTRA SYSTEMEXPERT UTILITY TRACING AND LOCATING
THE 2013/2014 winter storms were some of the mostsevere recorded in southwest England. During thisperiod, Plymouth University’s School of Marine Science
and Engineering has been using vibration monitoring equipmentfrom Caption Data to measure the dynamic structural response ofEddystone Lighthouse’s tower under various stress loads.
The equipment is more commonly found monitoringconstruction and groundworks near sensitive buildings andstructures around tunnelling or pipelines, but is also in use onother iconic structures such as the Thames Barrier and the Ta’Bistra catacombs in Malta.
The lighthouseEddystone Lighthouse was built on a dangerous rocky reef 13 miles southwest of the city of Plymouth over 130 years ago.The current structure is the fourth to be built on the site. Thefirst and second were destroyed by storm and fire, and the third,best known for its influence on future lighthouse designs, wasdismantled in the 1870s.
Before the first lighthouse was built on Eddystone Rocks, seamerchants would sail around the Channel Islands or to theFrench coast for fear of being wrecked on the reef.
ResearchPlymouth University, in collaboration with General LighthouseAuthorities of the United Kingdom & Ireland (specifically TrinityHouse), has been engaged in research to characterise theenvironmental loads on the granite structure of EddystoneLighthouse. The project is the first in a wider study, withimplications across the population of rock based lighthouses inthe UK. This is an area of research that has been neglected for
Monitoring wave induced shocks at Eddystone LighthouseJon Penn, Managing Director, Caption Data
Jon Penn on researching the effects of stormy weather on rock-based lighthouses
Figure 1 (left): Eddystone Lighthouse built on a treacherous rocky reef southwest of Plymouth. Thestump of one of its three previous incarnations stands next to it. Figure 2 (right): Images capture wave run up at Eddystone Lighthouse using a CCTV systemspecifically designed by Plymouth University.
generations and is made difficult by theremoteness and low power availability.
Plymouth’s research is led by associateprofessor Alison Raby and has followed atriple sequence approach, with (i) finiteelement analysis models; (ii) a 1:100physical scale model used in the waveflume of the Coastal, Ocean and SedimentTransport Laboratory of PlymouthUniversity; and (iii) field measurements onthe lighthouse itself using a shockmonitoring system and geophone sensors.
In addition, CCTV cameras have been developed by theuniversity to monitor wave impacts and run-up at the lighthouse.These have the ability, via date and time stamping, tosynchronise images of waves to specific vibration data from theshock monitoring system to validate results.
Field measurementsThe RDL//Vibe shock monitoring system was chosen because itis autonomous, robust (including an IP66 rated enclosure),reliable, simple to install, and sensitive enough to monitor waveinduced vibration in the structure. It is optimised for low powerusage, is battery powered by a lithium D-cell and can alsoaccommodate an external power supply.
The system constantly monitors vibrations and shocks at userselected frequencies from 10-500Hz. It has inputs from two tri-axial geophone sensors typically with low frequency responsedown to 4.5Hz. Minimum trigger levels are 0.18mm/s whilemaximum sensor levels are 43.4mm/s. Alarm thresholds can be setto alert any number of recipients by email or text whenpredefined limits are exceeded. It also uses a fully roaming SIM tolock onto the most appropriate GSM network at any given time.
Data is available online from Caption Data’s web portal,where the settings of the RDL//Vibe are managed. As well asreceiving graphical interpretation of events, raw data can bedownloaded for further analysis, and derived parameters such aspeak particle velocity, displacement and acceleration areavailable online. This means there is an online, uneditable audittrail that logs every event and alarm that is sent.
Winter storms The winter storms of 2013/2014 saw a catalogue of waveinduced damage along the coast of southwest Britain, from thewashing away of rail lines at Dawlish to the demolition of aVictorian shelter on the promenade in Aberystwyth, Wales.Nearer to Eddystone Lighthouse, the famous Kingsand ClockTower was left facing demolition but has since had £100,000 ofrepairs. Eddystone Lighthouse, of course, stood firm throughout,and with the benefit of remote monitoring, the research teamfrom Plymouth University was able to see exactly the effect onthe structure of these immense natural forces.
During the period from 15 December 2013 to 28 February2014 there were 3,090 events logged by the remote monitoringsystem; typical data from an event is shown in Figure 3 andrepresents velocities from the tri-axial geophones installed 28m
above sea level on the structure. The ability to remotely accesslive motion data from Eddystone Lighthouse, and to be able tochange the threshold at which such data is acquired has been atremendous asset for the research project. During daylight hoursit was possible to correlate vibration data with CCTV images ofwave strikes.
Future researchPlymouth University has purchased further RDL//Vibes andgeophones in order to equip the Eddystone Lighthouse withmeasuring points at differing heights on the structure. Inaddition, further research is due to commence using geophoneswith a low frequency response of 0.3Hz. Research is also beingplanned to monitor a number of other rock based lighthousesaround the UK.
Jon Penn, Managing Director, Caption Data [email protected]
AcknowledgementsThe research work has been funded through a Plymouth University School ofMarine Science and Engineering PhD studentship and from the GLA who hasprovided equipment and helicopter access. As well as Alison Raby, AssociateProfessor, PhD student Davide Banfi and a host of experienced technicians at theSchool of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Ron Blakeleyprincipal civil engineer at Trinity House, and Martin Bransby from the GeneralLighthouse Authorities of the UK & Ireland have had pivotal roles in creating andsupporting the team involved in this research work.
Figure 3 (right): Graph data relates to the event pictured by CCTVfootage in Figure 2.Figure 4 (far right): The RDL//Vibe and a single tri-axial geophone.
Figure 5: The research team on the helipad at Eddystone Lighthouse. From left to right, Dr Alison Raby, Ron Blakeley and Prof Geoff Bullock.
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IN March 2010, I came across thehistorian Scott Doody looking for thegrave site of a decorated World War I
veteran who was killed in the infamous,but now largely forgotten, Herrin Massacreof 1922. He was searching for a singlemarker erected by the Veterans of ForeignWars to honour Anton Malkovich, but ithad vanished. This chance meeting inHerrin City Cemetery in Illinois led to oneof the greatest challenges of my life.
The search for Malkovich’s grave sitewould eventually become a four-yearinterdisciplinary project that would locatethe unmarked graves of other men killed inthe Herrin Massacre. Although the story ofthe massacre was well documented, theevent was so atrocious that it was notspoken of for generations. In time, thelocations of the unmarked graves of themen killed were forgotten.
23 men were killed in the massacre.Seven bodies were immediately claimed byrelatives. The bodies of the remaining 16men were buried in the potter’s field — anarea of the cemetery reserved for theindigent, the unknown, and theunidentified. Within four months, five ofthe bodies in the potter’s field weredisinterred and claimed by relatives. On 3 October 1922, Ignatz Kubinetz, who hadbeen injured in the massacre, died of hiswounds and was also buried in the potter’sfield. This brought the total of unmarkedgrave sites from the Herrin Massacre to 12.
GIS v witchingNearly a century later, Scott Doody and Ijoined a team of geospatial scientists,historians and forensic anthropologists —all coming together in an attempt to locatethese lost burial sites. Could the long-forgotten graves of the victims of the HerrinMassacre be found by applying GIStechniques? The cemetery’s long-held secretwould be revealed not by mapping whatwas on the surface, but what lay beneath.
The team relied on hundreds of maps,animations, 3D renderings, charts, graphsand figures. For the first time, integrativemethods and geospatial technology wouldbe used to find the massacre victims’locations. Additional help was offered tothe team. Some local residents claimed themen were buried in a location outside thecemetery. Others said they could find thegraves by ‘witching’. Psychics offered tospeak to the dead on our behalf. All theseoffers were politely declined.
To create, store, manage, analyse anddistribute the data the team had assembled,a custom enterprise geodatabase modelwas implemented and deployed onMicrosoft SQL Server 2008. By versioningthe data, the team could work on themodel and the attribution of the manysections, blocks, lots, spaces and markers.Data and maps were shared by publishingnumerous services via ArcGIS for Server.
Taking an old, hand-drawn paper map,they built a GIS model of the cemetery’s
At restFinding the victims of the Herrin Massacre
Steven M Di Naso, Director, Geographic Information Sciences Center, Eastern Illinois University, with Scott Doody, Historian
How surveying techniquesare being used in thequest to find the lostvictims of an Americantragedy
Looking for the forgotten 12: (front row) Vincent Gutowski, StevenDi Naso, Grant Woods, (back row) Roy Music, Scott Doody, BillSizemore, Trevor Barham, John Bauernfeindj, Robert Corruccini,and John Foster. ©Steven M Di Naso
Scan of the cemetery viewed in Leica’s TruView.
parcel fabric from known dimensions. It was the conceptual design or ideal layout of thecemetery. Initially it acted as a template for analysis and modelling of interment. Otherdata was used to produce a single animation that would reveal the location of the potter’sfield as a function of the behaviour of its sextons over the cemetery’s long history.
The team produced the first accurate GIS inventory of the sections, blocks, lots, spaces,headstones and associated interment records for the 25-acre cemetery. More than 9,600interment records were modified from an existing genealogical database made available bythe Williamson County Historical Society. This comprehensive repository of geographicdata, empowered by ArcGIS, became the driving force behind the research. Thousands ofnews articles from the period were reviewed. These account descriptions offeredgeographic clues and supported location hypotheses. The city’s cemetery records werestudied; county recorder’s office records reviewed; and representative photogrammetry forevery decade from 1938 to present, as well as period photographs, were obtained andscrutinised. From these resources, the team produced an accurate compilation of historicaldata for conducting research.
Field surveysIn the field, accurate horizontal and vertical control was established using static GPStechniques. The data was processed through the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) onlinepositioning user interface (OPUS). OPUS provides access to high-accuracy National SpatialReference System (NSRS) coordinates by upload of a data file collected with a survey-grade GPS receiver. The NSRS position for that file is returned via email. OPUS enabledpositional precision on the order of millimeters — well above the accuracy and precisionrequired. The team used real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS with a multiple-baseline solutionand differential corrections provided by the Kara Company ReIL-Net on the NGScontinuously operating reference station (CORS) data to map headstones and acquirephotographs of them contemporaneously.
In practice, although use of NAVSTAR, the GPS satellite network operated by the US AirForce, generally requires signal acquisition from a minimum of four satellites on any givenday to attain a position, there are specific intervals of time throughout the day duringwhich satellite geometry and other factors permit recovery of precise positioning at survey-grade accuracies (i.e. centimetre level) when using RTK GPS. By taking photographs andpositions contemporaneously within these short intervals, during which survey-gradepositions could be acquired, we ensured the collection of all headstones and attribute
The Herrin Massacre
In April 1922, the United Mine Workers of America(UMWA) went on a nationwide coal strike. Eightweeks into the strike, WJ Lester, owner of theSouthern Illinois Coal Company in Williamson County,having already released the union workers from theirduties, hired non-union workers and armed guardsfrom Chicago. (Whether these men knew they werestrikebreakers or not is still a matter of debate.)
Union miners from as far as Kansas, Indiana and Ohiohad arrived to protest earlier in the week. By 21 June1922, a steady stream of gunfire had been exchangedbetween the two factions. By nightfall, two UMWAmen had been killed. Miners, farmers and other localswere infuriated. By the morning of 22 June, it wasestimated that 1,000 armed men had advanced onthe mine. Realising there was no alternative, the non-union men raised a white flag of surrender. Withpromise of safe passage out of the county, the menwere led from the Lester Strip Pit to a wooded areaabout two miles away, known as the Power HouseWoods, where many were then killed.
In total 23 men were killed over two days inWilliamson County and on the streets of Herrin,Illinois. It was the largest mass murder of non-unionworkers in the history of America, and became knownas the Herrin Massacre.
Burying the dead. Photographs from the 1922 mass burial of theHerrin victims. Herrin Mayor AT Pace is pictured (in the topforeground) flanked by UMWA officials as they move the body ofthe first victim. Note the coffin's beveled and chamfered corners.©Williamson County Historical Society.
Originally published in the Chicago Tribune.
data. This strategy permitted the team to include attributes such as first name, last nameand date of death (when these were legible in photographs) back at the lab afterprocessing the data. The surface inventory allowed interment records tied to theconceptual model of the cemetery to be compared to actual interment locations in thefield. Often, these locations did not agree. Conceptual designs seldom match reality, andthe Herrin City Cemetery was no different.
Using a high-definition, high-accuracy, long-range 3D scanner from multiple setups, anarea encompassing 6.5 acres was scanned and detailed topography, headstone outlinesand imagery extrapolated from millions of cloud points obtained. This microtopography,processed using tools in ArcGIS 3D Analyst and visualised in ArcScene, offered insightsinto the locations of unmarked burial sites by illustrating small changes in slope andhighlighting subtle surface depressions. Using this data, dynamic, virtual walk-throughs ofthe cemetery were created and made available using a simple web browser so the teamcould visit the cemetery virtually without having to physically go there.
A cemetery brought to lifeThe GIS model offered a unique opportunity to locate the potter’s field through ananimation of interments over the cemetery’s 108-year history. For example, one lot, 16ft by20ft, held eight grave spaces. Each grave space was 4ft by 10ft. Despite having intermentdata that was explicit to the grave-space level, the team decided to create an animationusing the first record of interment for each lot to visualise the exponential growth of thecemetery with higher fidelity and without the hyperspecificity of space-level data. Thegrave spec for any one lot could be used independently over the lifetime of its availability.The simplified animation of the year of first interment in each lot demonstrated a lessambiguous patterning of the cemetery’s growth. The animation was supplemented with acontinuous surface model of interments created using an empirical Bayesian kriginginterpolation model on the same variable.
An animation of interments between 1905 and the present revealed a predictablepattern of burial practices in blocks 1 through 28 with the exception of one block; block15. The earliest burials (circa 1905) were at the top of a hill in the centre of the cemetery.As new interments followed, these burials were located down-slope and radiating awayfrom the centre, continuing until all blocks were occupied. Block 15 however, was utilisedirregularly, with contemporaneous and seemingly dispersed interments throughout its longhistory in a pattern typical of a potter’s field.
Finding the dead. Steven Di Naso and Scott Doody discover thefirst grave (top) and two further graves — note the distinctive At Rest plates.
Forgotten lives
One of the victims of the Herrin Massacre was theEnglish-born Robert Marsh. He was born inWorkington, Cumbria on 26 January 1889, and wenton to spend his childhood in Coatbridge, Scotland. Heemigrated to the US, sailing from Glasgow onboardthe SS Columbia on 11 October 1910. His occupationwas listed as ironworker.
He entered the US Army in 1917, and was assigned tothe 354th Aero Squadron. After training, the squadronshipped overseas in August 1918 and saw action onthe Western Front in France. He returned to the US inJune 1919, obtained a job with the BertrandEmployment Agency in Chicago and was sent toHerrin, to cover the work of the striking miners, inJune 1922.
On 22 June 1922, Robert Marsh was shot and killedby a mob, probably trapped by a barbwire fence in thePower House Woods. On 25 June he was buried in thepotter’s field of Herrin City Cemetery as one of theoriginal 16 unknown victims. Before the end of themonth, his body had been claimed by his fiancéMyrtle Ritcher. He was exhumed and transported toChicago. She purchased a burial plot at RosehillCemetery, and he is interred here in anotherunmarked grave.
Nobody was ever prosecuted for the massacre. Therewere two trials, but both ended in aquittals. There arerecords of a federal lawsuit brought against theUMWA by Myrtle Ritcher and others. The actions weredismissed, but it is recorded that the parties reachedan agreement.
While the headstone survey providedinformation above ground, research ofinterment records provided informationbelow ground for numerous unmarkedburials, found mostly in block 15.
The nail in the coffinAfter identifying block 15 as the potter’sfield, a more explicit model could beproduced for visualising the activities ofindividual sextons in a manner that was notpossible by simply looking at old intermentrecord books. Although the city has acemetery archive, the records for 1905 to1929, the first 24 years of interment history,were missing.
To predict the location and associatedyears for these burials, the team compiledall known records of death and records oflot sales throughout block 15 and adjacentblocks 41 and 42. Creating a continuoussurface model of this data, first by year andthen again resampled by decade, yielded amap of the hypothetical pre-1929interments — and hence the probablelocation of the Herrin Massacre victimswithin a 30-year time interval. The teamidentified two distinct areas — one at thenorthern end of the potter’s field andanother at the southern end — that werelikely sites.
Geographically speaking, the GIS modelindicated the historical burial arrayrepresented an area of one part in 58,000relative to the 25-acre extent of thecemetery. The team’s work, based upontechniques of applied geography andgeographic information science, wassufficient to warrant excavation. It was timeto propose this location hypothesis to cityofficials. After four years of intensiveresearch, the team had approval from thecity council and began excavating the site.
Distinctive intermentsOn 12 November 2013, the teamdiscovered the first vault and coffin. Potter’sfield interments in the Herrin City Cemeterywere typical for the period; wood vaults,few coffins, scarcely any hardware and nomarkers. However, the Herrin Massacreinterments proved to be atypical.
Period photos and the observations ofnumerous reporters documenting the massburial on 25 June 1922, played a key role inidentifying the graves. In his record offuneral for the massacred men, the
undertaker, Albert G Storme, omitted anydescription of the bodies other than theirnumber, but noted the make, model andother details of the coffins.
He ordered all the caskets from theBelleville Casket Company with the samespecifications. Each was 6ft 3in long and 2ftwide, oval-topped with chamfered cornersand eight sides, and painted black. Thecoffins had three pairs of opposing brasshandles and cloth-lined interiors, and eachwas enclosed by a wooden vault — nottypical paupers’ burials. Affixed to eachwas a plate reading At Rest. These plateswere described in many news accounts ofthe period. According to news accounts ofthe burial, the men were buried in fourrows of four, in an area roughly 16ft wideby 40ft long.
VindicationThe field excavations in November 2013uncovered eight of the 12 victims.Excavations are scheduled to continue inthe summer of 2014. The team’s hypothesishad passed the test — the graves ofmassacre victims had been located usinggeographic information science.
A group of scientists and historiansformed a research team that formulatedseveral hypotheses, performed analyses,identified the likely location, and foundexactly what they were looking for.
Steven M Di Naso, Director, Geographic Information Sciences Center,Eastern Illinois University, with Scott Doody, [email protected]
AcknowledgementsMembers of the team include: Robert Corruccini, aforensic anthropologist and distinguished facultyemeritus of the department of anthropology at SouthernIllinois University; John Foster, a United Mine Workersof America pensioner and a retired Washington Countysheriff; Vincent Gutowski, a geographer anddistinguished faculty emeritus of the Department ofGeography and Geology, Eastern Illinois University; andGrant Woods, a geography graduate student at theDepartment of Geography and Geology, Eastern IllinoisUniversity. Also assisting the project were TrevorBarham, operating engineer for the city who ran thebackhoe at the site; John Bauernfeindj, the Herrin CityCemetery sexton; councilman Bill Sizemore who wasinstrumental in gaining access to the cemetery; RayKara, Eric Kara, Sam Moscatello, Ryan Leonard, DouglasR McClintic PLS and Greg Wagstaff PLS of KaraCompany who provided GPS and TPS equipment, fieldand technical support, and access to the NGS CORSReIL-Net; Helen Lind and Charla Murphy for grantingpermission to use their cemetery records inventory.
Equipment and software used on the project includesLeica GPS Viva GS12 with CS15 terminal, Leica GPS1230, Leica TS07, Leica HD ScanStation C10, Leica CS25,Panasonic Toughbooks CF-19 and CF-52, Esri ArcGISAdvanced, Esri ArcScene, Autodesk AutoCAD Map 3D,Leica Geo Office 8.2 and Leica TruView.
This article is based on an earlier feature written forEsri’s ArcUser magazine. Published with kindpermission.
From top: High-definition, high-accuracy, long-range C10ScanStation survey being used in Herrin City Cemetery.
Spatiotemporal model of the Herrin City Cemetery, 1905 topresent. Note radial interment pattern spreading from top of hill atcentre and the sporadic interments in block 15.
A new, accurate map of the Herrin City Cemetery.
The spatiotemporal model of block 15 developed to illustrate theactivities of individual sextons over a period of 108 years.
ONE of the major problems manyemployers saw in the drafting ofthe second edition of the New
Engineering Contract was that it allowedthe contractor to notify a compensationevent at any point up to the end of thedefect period regardless of when the eventhad occurred. It has to be said that thisloophole, or life-ring for the contractor, didnot sit happily with other principles of theNEC such as promoting good projectmanagement and generally requiring theparties to deal with things as and whenthey arose in a prospective and proactivemanner. For those reasons, and perhapsothers, when the third edition of the NECwas issued in 2005, what has often beenreferred to as a time bar has been insertedat clause 61.3. Under the engineering andconstruction form it provides that:
"If the contractor does not notify of acompensation event within eight weeksof becoming aware of the event, he is notentitled to a change in the prices, thecompletion date or a key date unless theevent arises from the project manager orthe supervisor giving an instruction,issuing a certificate, changing an earlierdecision or correcting an assumption."
The wording of this clause, and the use oftime bars generally, has producedsignificant amounts of discussion amongstcommentators on the NEC. Is it fair? Can itoperate in a spirit of mutual trust and co-operation? What about an employer’sbreach, why is that subject to notificationby the contractor and therefore time bar?
However, until recently, it hadn’tgenerated any case law; the issue justhadn’t reached the court. In what seems tobe a slowly increasing tide more case law isnow being generated on the terms of theNEC after many years of it being inoperation with almost no judicial guidance.This key area has now received somejudicial scrutiny.
The recent Northern Ireland Court ofAppeal decision in Northern IrelandHousing Executive v Healthy Buildings(Ireland) Limited (2014) NICA 27 considers
two very important points. The first,governed by the facts of a project, relatingto whether a change had been instructed orrequirements confirmed and the second,governed by the interpretation of thecontract, relating to when a contractor orconsultant needed to notify a compensationevent. A few more points were also dealtwith, albeit much more in passing. One ofthose points was whether an instructionunder the NEC is a notice and thereforerequired to comply with clause 13.7 (whichrequires notices to be sent separately fromall other communications) or just acommunication and therefore can be givenin the same document as other matters.
In this case the dispute has beenthrough adjudication, the High Court and tothe Court of Appeal. It has taken somewhatless than a year to go from notification ofcompensation event to Court of Appealdecision; lightning fast for many courtprocesses but still terribly long winded formost projects needing a quick and certaindecision. While it was heard in NorthernIreland, and is based on the professionalservices rather than the constructioncontract in the NEC suite, the reasoning ispersuasive wherever the NEC maybe usedand the contract terms being consideredare broadly the same whichever variant ofthe contract is adopted.
What had happened in this case wasthat soon after the contract had beenentered into the parties sat down to gothrough some of the details and make surethat the thinking was aligned on all sides. Avery sensible approach you would think,but here, not so much as it turned out. Oneof the details in this project was that the
Notification of compensation eventsRob Horne, Construction Partner, Trowers & Hamlins
Always remember to notifythe things you don't thinkneed notifying
It has taken somewhat less thana year to go from notification ofcompensation event to Court ofAppeal decision.
asbestos surveys that Healthy Buildings wasgoing to carry out could either be by sampleor by reference to each individual building.The contract had not been precise as either ofthese options could be adopted. However, atthe post contract meeting the HousingExecutive confirmed, or to use the NECterminology, instructed, that the more detailedbuilding by building survey was to be carriedout. This was on 10 January 2013 and HealthyBuildings started carrying out surveys on 21 January 2013. On 23 May 2013 HealthyBuildings sent a notification of compensationevent to the Housing Executive because thechoice of a more detailed survey was a changeto the works information (which provided foran option of either detail or sample).
The Housing Executive agreed that it hadinstructed the detailed survey but as that wasincluded in the works information said thatthe instruction could not amount to a changein works information and therefore nocompensation event could arise. TheHousing Executive went on to say that evenif there were a compensation event thenHealthy Buildings’ notification was morethan eight weeks after the event andtherefore was time barred.
On this second point, Healthy Buildingssaid, hang on a minute, it’s an instructionchanging the works information so thatmeans the Housing Executive has to give thenotice and if it doesn’t, then the time bardoes not apply. At this point in steps QueensCounsel for the Housing Executive who saysthere is a distinction to be made betweennotifying the event, which was theinstruction and that notice was given by theHousing Executive, and notifying thecompensation event which Healthy Buildingsshould have done, didn’t do and thereforethe time bar applies, QED. Confused? I waswhen trying to follow this argument.
The essence of the point being made waswhy would the Housing Executive give noticeof a compensation event when it did notconsider that there was a compensation event.Taken a step further, why should thecontractor be able to keep in its back pocketan instruction it believes to be acompensation event, surely that is exactlywhat the time bar provision was supposed toprevent. The proposition then becomes muchclearer and easier to understand but, in thecourt’s view, no more correct or persuasive.
The court found, very simply, that althoughthe Housing Executive thought that itsinstruction was not a compensation event andtherefore it did not need to give notice, it was
wrong to reach that conclusion. The test in theNEC was a simple one; was there aninstruction changing the works information? Ifthe answer was yes then there was acompensation event and the HousingExecutive had the obligation to notify it. Ifthere was no instruction or it did not changethe works information then there was nocompensation event and no duty on anyone togive a notice. What the parties thought at thetime was immaterial to that test.
The court did go on to say that even ifthere were to be a more complex test basedon what the parties should reasonably havebelieved to be the position then the answerwould be the same. Paragraph 29 of the Courtof Appeal decision really draws all of thepoints together:
"Applying clause 10.1 to the language ofclause 61.1 the employer, at the time ofgiving what is admitted to be an instruction,was bound to give a written notification ofthe compensation event which arose fromthe fact that that was an instruction whichin fact changed the scope of the services. Theinstruction under clause 13.1 was requiredto be in writing. The notification of it beinga compensation event was required to becommunicated separately under clause13.7. The consultant was obliged to put theinstruction into effect. In fact, the executivedid not give notification of a compensationevent although, having regard to itsobligation to do so, it should have done so."
What conclusions then can be drawn from thiscase? The simplest conclusion is that aninstruction changing the works information isnot, of itself, a notification of a compensationevent, such a notification must be sent inaddition. A second specific conclusion is thatthe time bar in clause 61.3 will be appliedafter identifying whether and what type ofcompensation event, as a matter of fact andlaw, occurred; what the parties thought washappening being irrelevant.
This is another useful piece of case law onthe NEC demonstrating that the court can takea sensible and pragmatic approach to theinterpretation of the NEC and, perhaps,demonstrating that the interpretation hasmoved beyond comments about the draftingbeing a triumph of form over substance.
Rob Horne, Construction Partner,Trowers & Hamlins [email protected] www.trowers.com
Why should the contractor be able to keep in itsback pocket an instruction it believes to be acompensation event.
An instruction changing the works information isnot, of itself, a notification of compensation event,such a notification must be sent in addition.
QUESTIONS of jurisdiction mayoverlap with determination ofthe substantive issue, however to
resolve that question, there must be anunderlying or initial contract between theparties which gives the adjudicatorjurisdiction in the first place. Viridis UKLimited v Mulalley and Company Limited(2014) EWHC 268 (TCC) is a recent judgmentfrom the Technology and ConstructionCourt in which summary enforcementproceedings were withdrawn in favour ofa full trial. Viridis had succeeded atadjudication; Mulalley was instructed topay Viridis in respect of a final accountclaim. The issue at hand was one of theadjudicator’s jurisdiction — the court wasasked to determine whether the disputearose under one or several contracts.
The factsViridis, a windows and curtain wallingsubcontractor, was appointed by maincontractor Mulalley for the supply andinstallation of replacement windows anddoors to a number of properties acrossthree social housing estates. Viridissubmitted that all works were instructedunder one contract known as order 24,which oversaw the whole relationship,and a further six orders were issued, eitheras works orders under the over-archingcontract (order 24) or as a variations to it.Mulalley, however, considered that Viridishad never accepted order 24 and that theworks were instructed under the other,separate orders, with each one forming adifferent contract.
The issue of jurisdiction arose becauseorder 24 and the other six orderscontained adjudication clauses whichvaried in terms of adjudication procedure.
The contracts: Six of one…The court first chose to determine thenature of the agreements between theparties. Suffice to say, the court found thatseveral key terms of order 24 were stillunder negotiation at the time the relevantworks commenced and, as such, it wasnot possible to say that order 24 had beenaccepted by Viridis. The court, being
satisfied that the origins of the dispute(s)arose under six separate orders, thenconsidered case law on the overlapbetween jurisdiction and substantiveissues and whether determining thenumber of contracts was part of thesubstantive issue which the adjudicatorhad been appointed to resolve.
Case law and precedent — ViridisViridis argued, inter alia, that the partieswere in agreement that a constructioncontract existed, either on the basis of onecontract (order 24) or on the basis of thesix orders. If it was the latter, then becausethe process to appoint the adjudicator wasthe same across all six orders and theadjudication procedure was substantiallysimilar, it was within the jurisdiction of theadjudicator to determine whether one ormore contracts existed.
Viridis further argued that on that basis,the adjudicator’s decision should stand,relying upon the reasoning of Akenhead, Jin Air Design (Kent) Limited v Deerglen(Jersey) Limited (2008) EWHC 3047 (TCC). AirDesign involved a basebuild contract andseveral subsequent agreements:
“The substantive decision-makingprocess upon which the adjudicatorhad to embark in relation to thedisputed claim put before himnecessarily involved a consideration ofwhether there was more than onecontract. It was thus within hisjurisdiction to decide in effect thatthere was one contract, albeit one thatmay have been varied by agreement.”
Case law and precedent — MulalleyMulalley argued Air Design could bedistinguished from the present case on thebasis that both parties in Air Designagreed that an initial contract (basebuild)existed between the parties. Further, thatthe initial contract contained adjudicationterms, upon which the adjudicator hadbeen appointed.
The question for the Air Designadjudicator was whether subsequentagreements were simply variations or
Questions of jurisdiction Gillian Cruickshanks, Consultant, MBM Consulting
Have questions ofjurisdiction left you feelingdoolally? Then read thiscase summary aboutMessrs Mulalley
separate contracts. The process of appointment and procedurefor adjudication being set out in the initial contract, the decisionof Akenhead J was clearly based, so argued Mulalley, on theinitial contract giving the adjudicator jurisdiction to determinethe question of subsequent agreements.
Akenhead J confirmed this approach in Camillin DennyArchitects v Adelaide Jones & Co (2009) EWHC 2110 (TCC) andfurther discussed the overlap between jurisdiction and substancein Supablast v Story Rail (2010) EWHC 56 (TCC):
“Generally, an adjudicator properly appointed under theoriginal contract between the parties to the adjudication willhave jurisdiction to determine whether or not particular workwas or was to be treated as a variation under or pursuant tothat original contract. Of course, it is open to either party toargue that, although the particular work was extra to the scopeof works covered by the original contract, it was not avariation envisaged or permitted by that contract. That
argument will or may in effect give riseboth to a substantive defence under theoriginal contract (‘there is noentitlement to payment because there isno variation’) as well as ajurisdictional challenge (‘theadjudicator has no jurisdiction todecide because the extra work cannothave been ordered under the originalcontract which gives the adjudicatorjurisdiction in the first place’). This iswhere there will often be an overlapbetween jurisdiction and substance.”
DecisionIn the present case, Davies J distinguishedit on the facts from Air Design. Havingconcluded the orders constituted sixseparate contracts, there was no initialcontract upon which the adjudicator hadbeen appointed.
There being no single contract underwhich the dispute arose and no agreedprocedure for the adjudication, theadjudicator had no jurisdiction. Theadjudicator’s award of final account toViridis was made without jurisdiction andtherefore enforcement of it was denied.
Gillian Cruickshanks LLB (hons),Consultant, MBM [email protected]
There being no single contract under which thedispute arose and no agreed procedure for theadjudication, the adjudicator had no jurisdiction.
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SHOW-STOPPERS on construction sites for civil engineers include findinghidden, unanticipated features that require additional cost and time toinvestigate and deal with. Not only is there the potential to delay a time critical
project, but with this comes the added pressure of facing possible penalties should thecompletion exceed a previously agreed deadline.
The past usage of an area of land may unearth unwelcome finds when undertakinggroundworks in preparation for a construction project. One well publicised example ofthis was the surprise discovery of King Richard III’s remains on a car park plot inLeicestershire. While a car park located in a city centre certainly seems a rather unlikelyburial site for a former monarch, it is important to understand the history of the site, inorder to be as prepared as possible and ensure any remedial works are factored intothe wider project plan.
Due-diligence is therefore key and, in today’s digital world, architects, civilengineers, planners and surveyors are all able to take advantage of a host of onlinedata sources and mapping tools that support this initial process, integrate with GIS andCAD tools, as well as feed into feasibility studies, risk assessments, environmentalimpact reports or the wider planning process or overall building information model.
Mapping plays a major part in helping to avoid on-site disruption by providingintelligence into a range of factors. For example, you have the ability to overlay oldmapping from as far back as 1840 with current maps to identify and accurately locateprevious features or even specific land use, which may hold some vital information.Maps can be site-centred for ease of comparison and overlaid with the National Grid sothat historical features can be identified and transferred to modern mapping, asaccurately as possible. This doesn’t however mean you have to become a mappingexpert overnight and wade through rafts of paper archives.
Today, historical maps, town plans, aerial photographs, building plans and evenRussian maps are available digitally — and all can be analysed in an onlineenvironment. For example, you can show your site in context, by viewing currentmapping and 25cm resolution aerial photography against a historic map. You can drawpoint, polygon and linear features, including the grid reference, direction and distancefrom the site, to help illustrate exactly where additional site checks may be required.
Going back to the discovery of King Richard III, at the time of the find we carriedout our own historical map analysis on the site using mapping from 1888, which wasoverlaid with a range of more recent maps. From this, we were able to identify how theuse of the Leicester car park has evolved from open grassland, to the car park that it istoday. A 1954 Ordnance Survey map is the first to indicate that the site could be ofhistorical interest, showing it was the location of a ruin of a former Franciscan friary.Add to this further analysis on the nearby site of the Battle of Bosworth, which claimedKing Richard III’s life and led to Henry Tudor becoming the next monarch of England.From this, we identified that the site was used for King Henry VII’s encampment, whichsits outside the English Heritage-protected site of the battlefield. As a strangecoincidence, a section of that site also happens to now be a public car park.
What all this demonstrates is that, without thorough checks, it is often impossible totell what lies beneath the top soil during excavation works. The recent history may bewell known — such as whether a factory or gas works was situated on site and thereforedecontamination may be required — but what about the more historical land use?Mapping an area’s history can certainly add additional context to the site in question.
This is, of course, just an example, which shows one extreme of hidden features.However, due diligence and analysis is required to determine many other, morecommon, factors that have the potential to disrupt a large-scale construction project,if not identified at the outset. Digital appraisals can be undertaken to determine awide range of factors and insight, from unexploded ordnance risk, to underground
Mapping due-diligence to minimiseconstruction delaysCarole Ankers, Product Development Director, Landmark Information Group
You won’t necessarily findan English king under acar park, but due diligencewill pay off
utilities searches or even flood or groundstability (for example natural andmanmade cavities).
Looking specifically at unexplodedordnance (UXO), while a relatively lowprobability, it has an extremely highconsequence due to significant injury thatcould occur or, at worst, loss of life. Apreliminary risk assessment determinesthe probability of unearthing explosiveremnants. This searches a huge range ofdatasets and maps to determine the risk ofencountering a bomb, including bombcensus and damage maps, Luftwaffereconnaissance photographs, post-warRAF aerial photographs, historicalmapping pre and post WWII, locations ofhistorical explosive manufacturing sites,military training areas, sites occupied bythe Ministry of Defence, and WWIIbombing decoy sites, to name just a few.
Before any new groundworkcommences, it is recommended by theConstruction Industry Research andInformation Association (CIRIA) that apreliminary UXO survey is undertaken asa matter of course. Although the potentialrisk may be considered small, the safetyof the team involved in the project is apriority and shouldn’t be underestimated.
Ground stability is another issue;subsidence does not only occur in areaswhere coal mining has taken place;historical land-use data and maps play abig part here in identifying old shafts,pits, tunnels or other subterraneanfeatures that are not immediatelynoticeable above ground. In terms ofunderground utilities, understanding thefeatures that lie below the surface iscrucial before any excavations, designs ordevelopments commence. Searchesprovide information regarding gas and oilpipelines, electricity cables,telecommunication wires, mains watersupplies, sewers and fibre-optic cables. Avisual overview map of the search area isprovided, alongside a summary reportthat breaks down all utility companiescontacted and whether they believe thesite in question is affected. On top ofthese examples, there are many more
ways that maps are today beinginterrogated to determine potential on-siterisk; from understanding potential floodrisk or land contamination, to land-useconstraints, geological data through toancient burial grounds — all of which maynot be visible to the naked eye, but couldhave a major impact on overall plans.
Ultimately, implementing a thoroughdue diligence strategy at the start of anyconstruction project, including analysingcurrent and historical maps, will helptowards preventing costly delays that canoccur from finding the unknown too latein the land acquisition, assessment andsubsequent construction process.
Carole Ankers, Product Development Director, Landmark Information Groupwww.landmark.co.ukhttp://landmarkuk.blogspot.co.uk/Tweet @LandmarkUK
While a car park located in a citycentre seems an unlikely burialsite for a former monarch, it isimportant to understand thehistory of the site, in order to beas prepared as possible.
The London Olympic site in 1908 (top) and present day (below).Ordnance Survey data ©Crown copyright and database right (2014).©Landmark Information Group 2014
CIVIL ENGINEERING is unlikesome other professions, forexample the law or medicine,
because it fundamentally depends uponcommerce, in other words businesses orpublic bodies are usually its clients.Perhaps because of this, philosophershave seen the civil engineering professionas weak from a philosophical point ofview, in comparison with those otherprofessions. Maybe it is because the workdone by doctors and lawyers seems torelate more directly to the welfare ofindividuals. From time to time, we all asindividuals, have to deal with lawyers anddoctors. From a young age most of ushave in our minds some idea of what adoctor does, and usually not long intoadulthood most of us meet lawyers oneway or another. Civil engineering jobs, onthe other hand, only need to be done toserve an economic or a public need, butthey must be done in a professional way.It is rare for civil engineering to be donefor an individual.
Most people’s idea of what an engineerdoes, is a mixture of a romantic notion ofthe builders of canals and bridges ofbygone days, and an image of those whoattend to the repairs of householdappliances which rely upon electronic,and precision components used in ourdaily lives today.
Public understanding of the work ofprofessional engineers is vague, quitehow large buildings and topical civilengineering projects come to fruition isseen as being more to do with the workof politicians than it is with the influenceof engineers. In the UK, the current
debates surrounding proposed high speedrailways, airports and the generation ofelectrical power are all things of highpolitics, but to physically bring them intobeing is an engineering matter. The civilengineering profession sometimesattempts to present a unified stance onsuch things, but in the end, it is still thepoliticians who decide, and they may ormay not put the engineering problems orpossibilities at the top of their list ofpriorities when it come to makingdecisions about whether such projectsshould go ahead. So, is putting engineersin charge like putting the fox in charge ofthe chicken coop?1
Medicine exists because we all sufferfrom human frailties and the law is a wayof regulating human nature. Civilengineering is a double challenge as notonly does it have to overcomeuncertainties in the physical world butdepending as it does upon commerce, itfollows that it is also inextricably mixedwith politics, which controls the allocationof resources. Perhaps in extremecircumstances thinking of these twoprofessions, medicine and the law, goodthings may actually be done without manyphysical resources.
A profession scattered within an industryDennis Gedge MCInstCES, Consulting Engineer
Each civil job is unique —so is the profession itself
Is putting engineers in chargelike putting the fox in charge ofthe chicken coop?
In the case of the civil engineeringprofession very little indeed can be donewithout expensive equipment, largequantities of materials and much organisedhuman labour. For example, at the scene of anatural disaster, doctors can carry the vitaltools of their life-saving trade with them.Those responsible for maintaining order,amidst the chaos, do so by force ofpersonality — they do not need an armouryof expensive physical tools. Very often therelief of natural disasters relies on heavyplant and lifting equipment, structural or civilengineering decisions then have to be madeto save lives, very expensive equipmentindeed is also usually required, as well ascritical professional judgment in how to useit effectively.
It is also a pointer to the role ofengineering that at such times it is theemergency services who must be in charge.Because, if engineering is to be effective itmust serve their needs. That is very muchthe engineer’s job – solving problems. Theengineer is one who actually facilitatesrather than one who orchestrates things. Agood example of professionalism inengineering was the way the specialistdrilling company who formed the rescueshaft for the trapped Chilean miners, movedits drilling rig off to the next job once theshaft had reached its target.
Legislators and the professionsA distinguishing mark of a profession is oftenseen in that the group of people belonging toit have set themselves a higher standard thanmere compliance with the law of the land. Aprofession has its own code of behaviour, orits professional rules, over and above thebasic law. But does a profession have a dutyto seek the reform of the law if it falls farbelow its own professional capabilities?
aspect of politics, namely legislation and thereform or drawing up of laws? Theprofessions mentioned earlier definitely doseek to reform the law. The medicalprofession has campaigned for minimumprices for alcoholic drinks in supermarkets, ithas also drawn attention to the harm causedby tobacco. Current campaigns include callsfor medical practitioners to declare gifts frompharmaceutical companies, and the medicalprofession campaigns about how to dealwith one of the most difficult problems ofall, that is to say, how best to treatunbearable suffering when some of us reachthe ends of our lives. In the latter case, themedical profession in the UK has actuallysought to resist a change in the law.
The UK Law Society is campaigningagainst legal aid cuts, even strikes have beenheld recently. Lawyers too have spoken outagainst attempts to replace juries, and jurytrials are a very fundamental part of the law.Their profession, in this case, definitely has aclose interest in the law itself.
Civil engineering and the lawIt is a very different thing to activelycampaign for law reforms, than it is to be aconsultee when the government undertakes areview. The civil engineering profession,along with many others, is consulted on suchthings as reviewing the safety laws forconstruction sites. In this case one might sayit is behaving in a passive as opposed to anactive way. There are other areas within civilengineering where technical progress hasoutpaced the law.
The engineer is one who actually facilitatesrather than one who orchestrates things.
Politics has to maintain legislation as well asdealing with allocating capital funds and theday to day running of the state, and the civilengineering profession is content to be seenas an influence on the politics of largecapital projects. In earlier times, it wasopenly said, and indeed accepted by some,that engineers even had a professional dutyto advocate building large projects becauseof the beneficial contracts it brought toengineering companies and the livelihood oftheir employees. It is clear that engineeringexpertise can only be kept alive bysuccessful commercial projects.
But should the civil engineeringprofession also concern itself with the other
An interesting example is the state of roadtransport. Horseless carriages were seen asnovelty when they were invented. One oftheir main selling points was that you don’thave to feed ‘em when they were not beingused, little thought was given to the hugecosts and implications that would follow interms of highway construction, and the waysin which towns and cities have to be re-configured and organised to accommodatethem. It would be asking too much ofanyone to have foreseen quite what effectmasses of self-propelled individuallycontrolled vehicles would have had upontracks and thoroughfares which had evolvedfor something entirely different. Roadtransport laws have therefore beenretrospective, starting with the repeal of theRed Flag Act 1896 in the UK, and thenfollowing that the imposition of speed limits,road signs, restrictions and so on. Themotivation for changes in highway laws hascome directly from politics.
Today though, we do have some examplesof some members of the civil engineeringprofession becoming involved in a debateabout the road traffic laws. The questions ofwhether or not the safety margin of themotorway network or hard shoulder should be
used by normal traffic to alleviate congestion,and whether or not heavy road vehiclesshould be fitted with safety devices to avoidharming pedal cyclists are both subjects onwhich civil engineers are starting to lobby thepoliticians. Is it a political decision to decidewhat is a ‘safe’ mode of operating transport, oris this sort of question an engineering onewith a more precise answer?
AdvancementsEngineering techniques have advancedconsiderably in recent decades in thelocation and mapping of undergroundservices and pipelines. Three dimensionalvisualisation has been devised in order tosimplify design and construction of complexprojects. This has particular use where newprojects have to weave their way through ajumbled mass of existing services which havejust evolved. Even today though we are stillleft with underground service recorddisclaimers, which indicate that theundertakers accept no liability whatsoeverfor the accuracy or completeness of therecords. It is still up to the promoter of afollowing project to seek to find where allthe existing underground objects are. At themoment the civil engineering professiondoes not seek to change the law.
In the UK a safety file is required by lawto be produced on completion of mostbuilding and construction projects, this couldcontain vital information about such things asthe location of pre-stressing cables, services,and the nature and sizes of foundations. Withthe improvements also expected to followfrom the proposed building informationmodelling requirements, with threedimensional visualisation of complexstructures, many unnecessary complicationsto those operating the building or plant in thefuture might be avoided. If the buildingshould be sold or transferred, this informationis lost if these records are not followed up.Do engineers also have a duty to warn thatthe means of storing and reading such dataand records are liable to change, or becomeobsolete? Is this perhaps something the lawshould consider?
Engineers do not face questions of theenormity of the one raised by the ManhattanProject for research scientists, namely shouldthis thing be developed at all, theirs is amore subtle and complicated one.Engineering springs from ingenuity so itfollows its main work will always beproblem solving. However, if futureproblems may be foreseen in the use ofthings developed by engineering, does it alsofollow that future problem prevention is partof the engineer’s job too?
Dennis Gedge, Consulting [email protected]
1 Quotation by Professor D Goldberg Sept 2013, EnschedeUniversity of Twente
Engineering springs from ingenuity so it followsits main work will always be problem solving.
MOBILE MAPPING systemsare designed and configured tocollect highly detailed and
commonly geo-referenced LiDAR andphotographic datasets from vehiclestravelling at highway speed. Theachievable geo-referencing accuraciesfrom sophisticated GNSS and inertialnavigation systems enable professionalend-user applications ranging from massGIS data capture, through 3D modellingand detailed topographical mapping.
As with the mass market Google StreetView, it is the power of the panoramicphotographic imagery that renders thedatasets accessible, intuitive and highlyproductive from a mapping perspective.Whereas the vast majority of professionalusers remain rather intimidated by a 3DLiDAR model alone, when the pointcloud is combined with high resolutionphotographic imagery the power of theunderlying geometrical model isunlocked allowing powerful 3Dmodelling and representation.
Not only does the photography removeambiguity from feature identification but itprovides an invaluable textural input tomodellers, condition assessment to assetmanagers and overall context to all. It isthe human ability to instantly interpretand relate photographic data to realitythat is so effectively leveraged with themobile mapping approach. The mobilemapping system user may viewgeographically unique environments fromany aspect and is now enabled tocoordinate what they see. Mobilemapping technology provides fully geo-referenced models, in which coordination,measurement and modelling is as simpleas pointing and clicking.
Regardless of whether the featurecoordinates are derived fromphotogrammetric or LiDAR aidedtechniques, the essence of the mobilemapping system challenge is the ability tomaintain accurate and robust 3Dcoordinates of the mapping platform, i.e.the survey vehicle. Without this assurancethe value of the mapping sensors –whether photographic, LiDAR or other –are limited.
BreakthroughOf course, ubiquitous GPS, or ratherGNSS, is at the heart, providing not onlyhigh accuracy dynamic positioning butalso a definitive timing reference.However, as all seasoned surveyors andgeographic information professionalsknow, even with multiple-constellation,advanced signal processing GNSSreceivers, in static mode the chances ofmaintaining accurate position within abuilt up environment are minimal. Thereal breakthrough with mobile mappingtechnology has been the augmentation ofGNSS with inertial navigation technology— the use of multiple accelerometers todetermine positional change. Now thesurvey platform can maintain accurateposition, and motion compensation, evenwhile passing under such adverse GNSSenvironments as a bridge. What was, untilrecently, the reserve of specialist highbudget mapping campaigns utilisingcustom-built vehicles with protractedmobilisation and calibration procedures, isnow available as a commercially-viabletool for routine mapping projects.
A single data acquisition campaign athighway speed provides an exceptionallyrich data-set, enabling data to be used formultiple applications by multiple users atmultiple sites. The photographic corecomponent of the datasets enablesmultiple users — asset owners, operators,planners, surveyors, engineers, structural
The technology and techniques drivingeffective highway asset managementSarah Jones, Manager GI Services, LandScope Engineering
How multi-dimensionaldata acquisition and theuse of GIS leads toefficiency andimprovements
The LiDAR point cloud domain.
productivity rates. The software isconfigurable to work with most mobilemapping platforms including the TopconIPS2 Compact+ and Trimble MX8 systems.
This allows the user to view, inspectand extract from and overlay contentwithin the mobile mapping model. Withinthe user interface the operator isequipped with the tools to select frommap canvas, panorama, point cloud,measurement and table information toenable a project specific workflow. Assetswithin the model are, by definition,features commonly represented by points,lines or polygons. In addition to thissymbolic representation the model allowsfor the capture of descriptive informationwhich is managed through the userinterface or directly within the database.
Metadata is also extracted for eachfeature alongside the x, y and zcoordinate value. Generally, usernavigation within the model is of similarlayout and process — panorama and mapplan view — to Google Street View,providing intuitive results and maximisingefficiencies. A new level of productivityfor geodatabase population is achieved
modellers, security advisors andmaintenance teams — to all benefit fromthe single source of data.
The ability to derive substantial valuefrom this homogenous dataset within ageographic information platform greatlysupports asset management workflows.Mobile mapping enables exceptional rapidacquisition of fit-for-purpose data as anaid to the development of the assetmanagement life cycle, asking; whatassets do we have? Where are theylocated? In what condition are they?
LiDAR-aided GIS ORBIT AIM3 software from LandScopeEngineering has been developed toextract asset inventory data from themobile mapping model. This is a GIS-based software package developedspecifically for the extraction andmanagement of asset data fromphotographic panorama data, recentlyenhanced to manage point cloud dataembedded within the data-set. Thetechnology has evolved over many years,however, the introduction of LiDAR hassignificantly increased the capability and
The high resolution panoramic photography domain. The integrated LiDAR and photographic domain.
through the map point and click technique. This allows for rapidpopulation of assets into a central spatial repository which canintegrate into existing back office asset management systems.The advantage of the technology is that it meets the challengesof a number of geographic information issues:
• IntegrationData derived from the mobile mapping content allows forintegration into existing back office systems and workflows.Advanced integration is also achievable through the Orbitsoftware development kit with the use of three applicationprogramming interfaces; JavaScript, Flex, dotNet. • InteroperabilityA system that supports open file formats namely Esri .shp fileformat for import/export routines.• ScalablilityGeographical information solutions are available forstandalone, client-server, published to the web for use fromthe desktop, tablet and/or mobile device. • VisualisationInstant interpretation relating photographic data to reality.Enables greater multidiscipline access to themeasurement/data acquisition interface.• SharingPromotes re-use and sharing of data amongst traditionally disparate functions. A single campaign will feed many departments.
Sharing is key!It is the interpretation and the ability to provide location-basedasset analysis, quantification and trend mapping from thecaptured data which when built into the workflow, provides auseful tool for the asset manager. However, perhaps a morefundamental challenge is to provide this rich dataset inorganisations where functions are often disparate and nottransparent. So having captured the data, sharing it is key toimproving overall service delivery.
The Orbit AIM Interface showing extracted drainage features, in this case side entry gullies, on themap canvas and on the 3D panoramic imagery. Additionally, a snapshot of the asset is created at thepoint of extraction.
The Orbit AIM Interface. Bottom shows an extracted verge. The embedded point cloud allows for pointand click measurements to be made from the model.
Within the mobile mapping geographicinformation extraction model the ability toserve an intuitive fully geo-referencedphotographic, or video, model to a multi-disciplinary user base, which allows allusers to take their own accuratemeasurements, is an extremely powerfuland cost effective tool. Data may berevisited time after time for furthermeasurements or feature extraction.Mobile mapping presents the assetmanager with a rapid and accurate dataacquisition tool in which thephotographic core unlocks multipleapplications to multiple discipline users atmultiple sites. The spatial intelligenceembedded within the photographicdomain – from both LiDAR andphotogrammetry – takes GIS mapping tothe next level.
Sarah Jones, Manager GI Services, LandScope Engineeringenquiries@auto-map.co.ukwww.auto-map.co.ukwww.land-scope.com
by 20%, construction companies andbuilding operators simply cannot afford towaste time with workers left idle due tolack of information. Nor can they riskmistakes due to inaccurate, incomplete,out-of-date or just incorrect informationthat leads to rebuilds and the cost ofadditional materials, getting rid of the oldmaterials and the carbon overhead. Thefinancial implications are huge.
Performance improvementThe essence of BIM is information sharing— not only 3D designs, but also relateddocuments. These could include anythingfrom the part reference numbers ordocumentation, through the maintenancescheduling, to the social mediaconversation where decisions were madeabout how best to construct it.
With a consolidated informationresource that includes drawings,specifications, commissioningrequirements, method statements, healthand safety assessments, environmentalassessments and supply chain logisticalinformation, a company can extend BIMfrom the original design through on-siteconstruction to on-site maintenance andrepair. Add in key resources such as timesheets and employee training records toensure they have the right skills and
equipment expertise, and thetechnology also improves
site management andproject control.
Providing a workerwith access to the
information they
Taking BIM mobileIain Miskimmin, Industry Consultant, Bentley Systems and Director of Technology, COMIT
Iain Miskimmin outlineschallenges in mobiletechnology adoption andthe way to achieve trueend-to-end asset visibility
ALONGSIDE the US and MiddleEast, the UK is now leading theglobal move towards the
adoption of building informationmodelling technologies and associatednew work practices. Constructioncompanies are keen to exploit improvedinformation sharing to achieve costsavings and operational efficiency. But isthe lack of mobile technology used in thefield set to constrain innovation andprevent organisations realising true end-to-end value and benefit from theadoption of BIM technologies,competencies and techniques?
BIM imperativeThere is no doubt that the government’sdecision to demand suppliers involved inpublic sector projects use BIM tools andtechniques by 2016 has focused theattention of the construction industry. Todate, this approach has only facilitatedcollaboration in the early phases ofbuilding design and construction. Andwhile there is no doubt that early insightinto potential problems of access orconflict is key to minimising delay andcosts, that improved information resourcehas huge — it could be argued,significantly more — potential on site.
Today, far too much time is lost as aresult of workers lacking the requiredinformation to do the job. Whilst theproblem is manageable if thesite office is onlyminutes away, onmajor constructionprojects for roads orother infrastructure, thisis rarely the case andworkers have to travel milesto attain information or carryvast quantities of paper-basedinformation; from drawings andequipment schedules, tomethod statements. And there isno guarantee this information isup-to-date.
Given the pressure onpricing as a result of thegovernment’s desire to cut costs
require at the point of activity, relevant to their role and the taskthey are performing, could dramatically improve theirproductivity and efficiency. But it is important not to overwhelman individual with too much information or what is not relevantto their role. In addition, location-based services andtechnologies can be used to identify the worker, their locationon site and work package being performed, making it possibleto provide them with relevant information, and the ability toaccess more in-depth information as needed. This informationneeds to be available for both online and offline use to helpensure workflows continue seamlessly. Such personalised viewsinto information relevant to the individual user’s project and rolecut down wasted time trying to find documents specific to thetask at hand.
Mobile challengeThere are some obvious challenges associated with deliveringmobile technology on a construction site — from the availabilityof connectivity to the durability of devices and health and safetyconcerns. Many construction companies have banned the use ofmobiles on site, because of the risks associated with distractionof the operative — putting them in direct danger from poweredequipment and other site based obstacles and hazards. Onepossible solution to this is the adoption of real-time locationservices (RTLS) technology that leverages wi-fi and othersystems to alert the individual to the nearby presence ofvehicles or equipment.
A new approach to the procurement and management ofmobile IT hardware could also reap significant cost savings.Traditionally investment is made in ruggedised equipment thatrequires careful selection, testing and is often very costly topurchase and maintain. This approach requires that the newassets be given a long period of use (say four to five years) toderive the maximum value from the investment. During this timethe equipment can fast become effectively obsolete given therapid pace at which mobile IT is evolving.
Recent new innovations in consumer targeted hardware (suchas tablets and iPads) give the opportunity for a new perspective.Tablets are cheap to buy and can be retrofitted with durablecases to provide ruggedisation. The significantly lower costsmean that these devices can be regarded much like aconsumable item and replaced more cheaply once damagedbeyond economic repair. Couple this with the fact that manycompanies now give their users these new devices after a periodof use means that users value and look after their equipmentmore. In these examples companies have seen replacementlevels actually fall from figures of around 20-30% per annum toaround 3% — a significant saving.
One significant problem that continues to troubleorganisations is that of site communications and its rapiddeployment on construction sites. This is especially true giventhe volume of data now being transferred between core 3Dbuilding information systems and software. With a lag between
the time it takes to get comms on site — typically around 12weeks — and the lead time available to the constructioncompany, which is usually around two weeks, organisationsmust manage a mixture of satellite, 3G and microwave solutionsto achieve the necessary connectivity. The issues are manageablebut require planning and awareness of connectivity restrictionand the applications required at sites in order to minimise theimpact on data transfer rates.
ConclusionThe challenges and opportunities offered by the government’scommitment to its BIM strategy are going to drive significantchanges in the way our industry works and collaborates withinformation on construction projects. But the 20% cost savingsidentified will not be realised simply by improving informationsharing between designers and construction companies duringthe planning and design phases of the project lifecycle. The bigbenefits will be achieved on site during construction andthrough more effective operations and maintenance — whichwill demand real-time, mobile access to in-depth and tailoredasset information.
With the barriers to mobile adoption diminishing quickly, andconstruction companies working hard to embrace collaborativeworkflows and BIM to improve information sharing across thesupply chain, the goal of end-to-end asset visibility is at lastbecoming achievable. Those organisations that fail to respond tothe mobile imperative will not only be left behind but will alsostruggle to achieve the effective, efficient operations required tocompete in an increasingly competitive marketplace.
Iain Miskimmin, Industry Consultant, Bentley Systems andDirector of Technology, Construction Opportunities for Mobile IT (COMIT)www.bentley.com www.comit.org.uk
The 20% cost savings identified will not berealised simply by improving information sharing between designers and constructioncompanies during the planning and design phases of the project lifecycle.
South East
Bookings: Serena RonanChartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
The Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors is a registered educational charity.
Thames Cruise
Price: £15 All welcomeAn evening finger buffet will be providedCash bar
ICES South East
Networking Evening Cruise along the River Thames onthe Mercedes
Thursday 3 July 2014, 6pm-10pmEmbarking and disembarking from Westminster Pier
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Sponsor
EROSION protection and watercourse management specialists,Maccaferri has a free software package available. Macra1allows users to model and assess how changes to channel
profile and surface characteristics affect crucial flow patterns in rivers,streams and other watercourses.
With the devastating effects of winter flooding in England still freshin the public mind, this software will be a valuable tool for engineersaddressing the problem of extreme rainfall intensity and its impact onthe ability of rivers and watercourses to handle higher flow rates.
The Maccaferri Macra1 software package is simple andstraightforward to operate and allows users to calculate flow depths inrivers and watercourses and see how altering the channel profile ormodifying surface characteristics, such as by adding vegetation orapplying protective measures, can affect watercourse performance,instantaneously.
The free Macra1 software is available through the Maccaferri websitewww.maccaferri.co.uk
Watercourse management softwarefrom Maccaferri
Cable Detection, manufacturers of theEZiSYSTEM, expands its portfolio ofproducts with the launch of the newULTRA System. The precision utilitylocating instruments help you to locateand trace utilities in the mostchallenging site conditions and giveyou increased confidence in yourresults. The ULTRA System’s uniqueflexible operating modes help youeasily decide the right mode for yourlocating application and site conditions.The innovative utility locator monitors
the signal interference levels in all available modes andrecommends which to use for the best results. Saving you time,money and increasing efficiency. www.cabledetection.co.uk
Leica Geosystems and KansaiConstruction Survey Company havereleased the KUMONOS system, a safeand easy-to-use concrete crack monitoringsystem using the Leica Viva TS11 totalstation. The KUMONOS system allowsusers to accurately measure and monitorcrack widths of tunnels, bridges, dams orbuilding facades from a safe distancewithout the need of expensive scaffoldingor elevated work platforms. KUMONOS is
the world’s first solution using Leica Viva TS11 with a built-inconcentric crack scale reticle. Crack widths are calculated from therelation of the distance between the crack and the instrument, andthe gauge number that is found by positioning the scale mark overthe crack. www.leica-geosystems.com/kumonos
Painting and Labour is a long-term user ofWinn & Coales (Denso) Ltd’s Archco-Rigidon 403D and 503D glass flake vinylester coatings. It regularly lines internalsurfaces of pipework, tanks and vesselsand also injector spools with thesespecialist interior protective coatings, following shot blasting. On arecent project, after blasting, the first coat of Archco- Rigidon 503Dwas applied to approx 1000 microns. A second coat consisting ofArchco-Rigidon 403D was then applied to 1000 microns. A final250 microns coat of Archco-Rigidon blue wax topcoat was thenapplied. Final thickness readings were taken and full Holidaydetection was carried out to ensure the work was in line with thespecification requirements. Two small receiver vessels were alsolined onsite — one only required coating with Archco-Rigidon403D on the bottom dish end after blasing. www.denso.net
MK Surveys is the first company inthe world to take delivery of anadvanced, ground penetratingradar (GPR) system. The OperaDuo is designed and engineeredfor easier and faster collection ofdeep and shallow depth data, overall terrain and with the facility forthe operator to generate detailedon site-reports. As early adoptersof the original IDS Detector Duo in 2007, MK Surveys has movedagain to acquire – at launch – the latest from the Italianmanufacturer of GPR systems. The acquisition of innovative GPRequipment on release has helped MK Surveys steadily expand itsutility services and increase its staffing levels accordingly.www.mksurveys.com
Open technology and standards-based solutions for sharing spatial datawww.cadcorp.com
Professional Development
Mapping, Software & Data Surveys
Suppliers
Site Reporting
Recruitment
Online and in printAlan LeesICES Publishing +44 (0)161 972 [email protected] for ICES members
Classifieds
Alan LeesICES Publishing+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
Training Suite
Available to hire at ICESHQ in south Manchester
Alan LeesICES Publishing+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
Leica Geosystems Michigan Drive, Tongwell, Milton Keynes MK15 8HT+44 (0)1908 513400 www.leica-geosystems.co.uk• East England: Shane O'Regan +44 (0)777 [email protected]• London: Graham Sharp +44 (0)7789 [email protected]• North England: Chris Gibbons +44 (0)7769 [email protected]• North Midlands and North Wales: Martin Edwards +44 (0)7771 [email protected]• Scotland: Gary Kelly +44 (0)7500 [email protected]• Southeast England Mark Mukiri-Smith +44 (0)7771 [email protected]• South Midlands and South Wales: Adam Ball +44 (0)7747 [email protected]• Southwest England: Mark Francis +44 (0)7500 112071 [email protected]
A1 SurveySparks House, Western Industrial Estate, Lon-llyn, Caerphilly CF83 1BQ,UK +44 (0)845 5005858 [email protected] www.a1survey.net
M & P Survey Equipment Meridian House, Stanney Mill Rd, Little Stanney, Chester CH2 4HX, UK+44 (0)151 3571856 [email protected] www.mpsurvey.co.uk
SCCS • hq1 Building, Phoenix Park, Eaton Socon PE19 8EP, UK +44 (0)1480 404888 www.sccssurvey.co.uk• Unit 4, Riverside One, Medway City Estate, Sir Thomas Longley Road,Kent ME2 4DP, UK +44 (0)1634 296809 www.sccssurvey.co.uk
Speedy ServicesChase House, 16 The Parks, Newton-Le-Willows, Merseyside WA12 0JQ,UK + 44 (0)845 600 9960 [email protected]
NavCom Technology 20780 Madrona Avenue Torrance, CA 90503 USA +1 (310) 381-2000 www.navcomtech.com
www.theinspectionmanager.co.uk
30 day FREE trial!
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www.distancelearningpartnership.co.uk01420 473 644
Certificate & Diploma inCommercial Managementby tutored distance learning
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Suppliers
Survey Accessories
Nikon-Trimble Co 16-2, Minamikamata 2-chome, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0035,
Japan +1 3 5710 2592 www.nikon-trimble.com
A1 Survey Sparks House, Western Industrial Estate, Lon-llyn, Caerphilly
CF83 1BQ, UK +44 (0)845 500 5858 [email protected]
www.a1survey.net
Korec Head Office, Blundellsands House, 34-44 Mersey View, Waterloo,
Merseyside L22 6QB, UK +44 (0)845 6031214 www.korecgroup.com
Speedy ServicesChase House, 16 The Parks, Newton-Le-Willows, Merseyside WA12 0JQ,UK + 44 (0)845 600 9960 [email protected]
Ordnance Survey Adanac Drive, Southampton SO16 0ASU, UK+44 (0)8456 05 05 05 www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk
SOKKIA BV Essebaan 11, 2908 LJ, PO Box 145, 2900 AC, Capelle a/dIJssel, The Netherlands +31 10 751 9300 +31 10 751 9300 [email protected] www.sokkia.net
Spectra Precision 10368 Westmoor Drive, Westminster, CO 80021 USA+1 720 587 4700 www.spectraprecision.com
• ZAC de la Fleuriaye, BP 60433, 44474 Carquefou Cedex, France
+33 2 28 09 38 00
Topcon (GB) Topcon House, Bone Lane, Kennet Side, Newbury RG14 5PX, UK +44 (0)1635 551120 [email protected] Surveying Equipment Head Office, Unit 4, Armstrong Court,Armstrong Way, Yate, Bristol BS37 5NG, UK +44 (0)1454 [email protected] www.phoenixse.com• 1 Howard Street, Constitution Hill, Birmingham B19 3HW, UK +44 (0)121 212 6555• 51-57 Alma Road, Bournemouth BH19 1AB, UK +44 (0)1202 541720 • Norwich Road, Cardiff CF23 9AB, UK +44 (0)29 2047 0776• 4 Leigham Business Units, Silverton Road, Matford Park, Exeter EX2 8HY, UK +44 (0)1392 824163• Unit 1, Claremont Centre, Cornwall Street South, Kinning Park,Glasgow G41 1AA, UK (0)141 419 7921• Unit 9, Metropolitan Park, Greenford UB6 8UP, UK +44 (0)20 8578 3377• 665 Eccles New Road, Salford M50 1AY, UK +44 (0)161 786 2975• Unit 3, Youngs Industrial Estate, Paices Hill, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PW, UK +44 (0)118 9707280
A1 Survey Sparks House, Western Industrial Estate, Lon-llyn, Caerphilly CF83 1BQ, UK +44 (0)845 500 5858 [email protected] www.a1survey.netYork Survey Supply Centre Prospect House, George Cayley Drive, Clifton Moor, York YO30 4XE, UK +44 (0)1904 692723 [email protected] www.YorkSurvey.co.uk
Trimble Trimble House, Meridian Office Park, Osborn Way, Hook,Hampshire RG27 9HX, UK +44 (0)1256 760150 www.trimble.comA1 Survey Sparks House, Western Industrial Estate, Lon-llyn, CaerphillyCF83 1BQ, UK +44 (0)845 500 5858 [email protected], Blundellsands House, 34-44 Mersey View, Waterloo, MerseysideL22 6QB, UK +44 (0)845 603 1214 www.korecgroup.comSurvey Solutions Scotland The Pyramid Building, 14 Dryden Road,Bilston Glen, Loanhead, Edinburgh EH20 9LZ, UK +44 (0)131 [email protected] www.survey-solutions-scotland.co.uk
Subscriptions
Joanne GrayICES Publishing+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
10 issues: Civil Engineering SurveyorPlus supplements: Geospatial Engineering, Construction Law Review, Yearbook & Directory of Members£43 (UK) £48 (Europe) £53 (Rest of the World)
Dimensional Control Survey Engineer
Great opportunity to work with a global company Permanent full time position Competitive salary and good work/life balance
NB Surveys Global provides professional surveying services, primarily to the oil andgas sector. We are market leaders in dimensional control, digital photogrammetry andrapid laser scanning. Due to ongoing expansion, we are seeking to appoint surveyengineers, at a variety of experience levels, to join our team.
Responsibilities of the role include: • Carrying out high accuracy dimensional surveys using total stations and laser
scanners.• Performing dimensional analysis of data, clash reporting and isometric mark up,
3D model production, client liaison and project management. • Working on both onshore and offshore installations.
The ideal candidate will have the following skills and attributes:• Degree qualified in surveying or civil engineering is highly desirable. However,
candidates with 2+ years experience in a similar role will be highly regarded. • Intermediate level computer skills: including AutoCad (3D experience an
advantage) and MS Office.• Ability to learn quickly and be a team player.• Excellent English skills both written and spoken.
Candidates should be confident in the use of total stations and proficient in AutoCAD(additional training will be provided in the 3D aspects of modelling and datamanipulation). Willing to travel overseas on work assignments if required.
This position is not an offshore rotation based role, and approximately 50% of employeetime will be spent in the Aberdeen office. For this reason, it is recommended thatcandidates consider relocating to the Aberdeen area within their probationary period.
Applications, including a cover letter, copies of qualifications if applicable, and salaryexpectations, should be submitted to [email protected]
HSQE Manager(with surveying/engineering background)
Warner Land Surveys Ltd is active in the construction, rail, architectural and oil & gasindustries. Our HSQE procedures and practices are well documented and are demonstrablyeffective. We now wish to make this a full time management position to further engage withour workforce and stakeholders to achieve the best possible safety performance and qualityoutput throughout the whole organisation.
Duties would include planning, implementation, monitoring and appraising of allHSQE procedures and practices.
• Successful preparation and completion of all relevant external audits such as ISO and Link Up.
• Ensure compliance at all times with current health and safety legislation• Investigate and report on all H&S related events• Assist with the ongoing development of existing relevant documentation• Assistance in the creation of further standard operating procedures for surveying/engineering tasks
Although a large proportion of our work is carried out within the UK there is also a significantnumber of projects located around the world and some travel may be required. NEBOSHgeneral certification required and a surveying/engineering background would be essential.
This position offers a very competitive remuneration package including:• Company vehicle supplied (subject to requirement). • Company pension scheme.• Free life assurance after 6 months.• Access to company private health care scheme.• Paid travel time. • Accommodation and subsistence expenses.• Sponsored training and appropriate CPD attendance.• All PPE and branded clothing provided.
If you meet most or all of the criteria on the above position please contact our Reading HeadOffice on 0118 9303 314 or send in your current CV to [email protected]
www.warnerlandsurveys.com
ICES Training
Provider Date+Time Course Cost
15 JUL 2014
10am-2.30pm
Civil Engineering Surveyors – Are you complying with the Data Protection Act?A seminar, with buffet lunch included, to help increase awareness of obligations around datahandling and data privacy. Dawn Monaghan of the Information Commissioner’s Office will takedelegates through the basics of the act and how it can relate to civil engineering surveyors, thenanswer questions and provide information and learning materials to keep staff aware of their rolein ensuring compliancy.
£150*+ VAT
TO BOOK: MemNet Training, [email protected] or ring 020 3012 0031*£25 discount for ICES members. Quote name and membership number on booking.
06-07 OCT 2014
9am-5pm
ArcGIS 1 – Fundamentals of ArcGIS 10.x for Desktop (2 Day)This two day course is the first of three courses designed to give delegates a solid foundation inusing ArcGIS Desktop. This course introduces the main functions of ArcMap, including the creationand manipulation of a map document, basic geographic data management, selection and analysisof data and creation of a map for output. If resources allow, users will also be introduced toArcGIS Online and create an online map. The course uses a combination of lectures,demonstrations and exercises. Delegates will be provided with the data and exercises so that theycan work through them again in their own time.
£585+ VATEarly Birddiscount
£650+ VATAfter 01August2014
08-09 OCT 2014
9.am-5pm
ArcGIS 2 – Essential ArcGIS 10.x for Desktop (2 Day)This course is the second of a three part foundation in ArcGIS Desktop (version 10.x). The ArcGIS2 course expands on the subjects covered in the ArcGIS 1 and introduces new functions. Theseinclude managing data in a geodatabase, enhanced symbology and labelling options and the useof analysis tools. The creation of map books and publishing a map to ArcGIS Online are alsocovered. Delegates will be provided with the data and exercises so that after the course they canwork through them again in their own time. * Please note: Esri recommends this course fordelegates who have already attended the ArcGIS 1 – Fundamentals of ArcGIS 10.x for Desktop. Ifyou previously attended the ArcGIS 10.x for Desktop Part 1 course, then Esri would advise thatyou attend the ArcGIS 10.x for Desktop Part 2 course instead.
£585+ VATEarly Birddiscount
£650+ VATAfter 01August2014
27-28 OCT 2014
9am-5pm
Geoprocessing Raster Data using ArcGIS 10.x Spatial AnalystThis course is designed to introduce ArcGIS 10.x users to the basic methods of raster analysis.Whilst, some of the subjects in the course outline may seem complicated, a secondary objectiveis to explain and help users understand raster terminology and to use the raster commands at abasic level.
£639+ VATEarly Birddiscount
£710+ VATAfter 01August2014
TO BOOK: Esri Training, +44 (0)1296 745 504, [email protected], www.esriuk.com/training 10% discount for ICES members. Quote name and membership number on booking
Courses take place in a modern and spacious training suite in a friendly and professional environment.The suite has excellent transport links to Manchester’s motorway, Metrolink and airport networks andfive minutes’ walking distance to Sale town centre and hotels.
The ICES Training Suite is now available to hire. Situated on the ground floor of the institution’sheadquarters in south Manchester, the suite can accommodate up to 20 delegates boardroom style or80 delegates theatre style. Rates include publication of courses in Civil Engineering Surveyor and online.
Contact: Alan LeesChartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors+44 (0)161 972 [email protected]
For more details and a list of courseswww.surco.uk.com/training-suite.php
The ICES Training Suite is operated by the Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors’ information business, SURCO.
