Zigbee Based Patient Monitoring System

Contents:

Introduction Block diagram of the project AT89S52 Power supply Temperature Sensor Heart Beat Sensor ZIGBEE technology Comparison with other technologies Zigbee Based Patient Monitoring System Advantages Applications conclusion

Introduction:

The patients in the ICU need a constant monitoring of their Temperature and heart

beat.

This project incorporates sensors to measure important parameters.

Any abnormality felt by the patient is indicated by an alarm signal.

Works even when the patient is in unconscious state.

The patient-staff ratio is very low, so these kind of advanced equipment is

necessary.

POWER SUPPLY

A T 8 9 S 5 2

LCD DISPLAY

AD C 0 8 0 4

HEART BEAT SENSOR

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

ZIGBEE MODULE

ZIGBEE MODULE MAX 232 PC

BLOCK DIAGRAM

AT89S52:

Manufactured by AMTEL laboratories.

Standard features like-

1. 8 Kbytes of flash.

2. 256 bytes of RAM.

3. 32 I/O lines.

4. 16-bit timer/counter.

5. Full duplex serial port.

6. On-chip oscillator.

AT89S52

AT89S52

VCC: pin 40-power supply. GND: pin 20-grounded. Port 0,port 1,port 2, port 3 are 8-bit bi-directional I/O ports. RST: pin 9 is reset pin. It is active high. ALE/prog: It is an output pin and is active high. PSEN: Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external program

memory. EA/VPP: Enables the device to fetch code from external device. XTAL1 & XTAL2 are input and output of oscillator amplifier.

Power supply

Temperature Sensor - LM35

Features of LM 35

LM35 is a precision IC temperature sensor with its output proportional to the temperature.

You can measure temperature more accurately than a using thermistors. The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to oxidation, etc.

Possesses a low self-heating capability The output voltage is converted to temperature by a

simple conversion factor. The operating temperature range is from -55°C to

150°C.

HEART BEAT SENSOR

Features of Heart Beat Sensor

The sensor consists of a super bright red LED and light detector

Heat beat indication by LED Instant output digital signal for directly connecting to

microcontroller to measure Beats per Minute (BPM) Compact Size Working Voltage +5V DCIt works on the principle of light modulation by blood flow

through finger at each pulse.

ZIGBEE technology

A very low cost, low power consumption two-way, wireless communications standard for

automation, toys, & PC peripherals. Low Power consumption

6 months to 5 years battery life for most applications Low Cost

At least half the cost of Bluetooth solutions High density of nodes per network

250 nodes per network, multiple co-located networks Data rate requirements

Few bits to 250kbps sufficient Simple protocol, Global Implementation

2.4GHz Standard in a fragmented market

Many proprietary solutions, interoperability issues Pent up demand due to lack of standard

ZIGBEE technology

Data rates of 250 kbps with 10-100 meter range.

Two addressing modes; 16-bit short and 64-bit IEEE addressing.

CSMA-CA channel access.

Power management to ensure low power consumption.

16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band.

Low duty cycle - Provides long battery life.

Low latency .

Support for multiple network topologies: Static, dynamic, star and mesh .

Up to 65,000 nodes on a network.

Comparison with other technologies

StandardZigBee® 802.15.4

Wi-Fi™802.11b

Bluetooth™802.15.1

(meters)1 – 100* 1 – 100 1 – 10

Life (days)100 – 1,000 0.5 – 5.0 1 - 7

Network Size (# of nodes)

> 64,000 32 7

ApplicationMonitoring & Control Web, Email, Video Cable Replacement

Stack Size (KB)4 – 32 1,000 250

Throughput kb/s)20 – 250 11,000 720

Zigbee Based Patient Monitoring System-Transmitter

Receiver

Advantages

1. A place in the hospital where very ill patients are monitored very closely.

2. The patients in the ICU need a constant monitoring of their Temperature and heart beat.

This project is a working model, which incorporates sensors to measure important

parameters namely the Temperature, Respiratory temperature and Heart Beat.

3. The patient can be analyzed by doctors in any part of the hospital wherever they are.

4. Even when the patient is in an unconscious condition, all the parameters will be sensed

and doctor will be cautioned, thus it reduces doctor’s workload and also gives more

accurate results.

5. Thus it reduces doctors work load and also gives more accurate results,

6. We have also incorporated saline monitoring system which gives an alarm when the

saline bottle about to empty.

Applications

Hospitals it monitoring the Heart Beat and Temperature continually .

By using this system the patient can be analyzed by doctors in any part of the hospital .

Used to transfer the information from the transmitter side to the receiver side wirelessly.

Conclusion

As this project is based on micro-controller and zigbee

technology is used to transmit data this can be of great use in the field of medicine

and helps the doctors to keep a keen eye on the patients health.

"To get rich never your risk your health.

For it is the truth that health is the wealth of wealth." Richard

Baker 

Thank you.