POSSESSIONWith clothing (iimpahla)

IsiXhosa

Presented by: Miss Saunders

WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TODAY?

Weak nouns What makes a noun weak? What are prefixes? What makes them weak? Types of weak nouns.

Consecutive vowels Table of possession

Weak nouns

WEAK NOUNS:WHAT ARE PREFIXES AND WHAT MAKES THEM WEAK?

Each noun is made up of a prefix and a stem.

A prefix goes infront of the stem of the word and helps to create the word’s meaning.

E.g. umfundi (learner) versus abafundi (learners)

If a noun has a nasal (n or m) sounding prefix it is a weak noun.

E.g. umfazi (woman), incwadi

Prefix Stem

TYPES OF WEEK NOUNS:

1. The prefix ‘um’ e.g. umtwana (child)2. Names e.g uThandi, uBen3. Titles, e.g. utata (father), ugqirha (doctor)4. Borrowed words, e.g. iyunivesithi, itafile5. Prefix ‘in’ e.g. incwadi6. Prefix ‘im’ e.g. impilo (health), imfundo

(education)Singular

nouns tend to

be weaker

than their

plural

counterparts

WHAT HAPPENS TO 2 CONSECUTIVE VOWELS?

A + I = E

A + U = O

A + A = A

If “i” stands in front of “a” or “e’” it changes to a “y”

If “u” stands in front of “a” or “e” it changes to a “w”

Two vowels cannot stand together in isiXhosa unless it is a double “o” (e.g. Ootata). Certain changes occur in the vowels if they are added together in a specific sequence. See the directions below. Important for today’s

lesson!

TABLE OF POSSESSION:FOR WEAK PREFIXES

Noun: Mine… + am

Your… + akho

Our… + ethu

His/ Hers… + akhe

Theirs… + abo

Words with “U”Namese.g. uTina and titles e.g. uQuirha

U+am = wam

U + akho =wakho

U + ethu =wethu

U + akhe =wakhe

U + abo =wabo

Words with “I”e.g. Iyunivesithi or Imfundo

I + am =yam

I + akho =yakho

I + ethu =yethu

I + akhe =yakhe

I + abo =yabo

TABLE OF POSSESSION STRONG NOUNS

Noun: Mine Your Our His/hers

Theirs

Prefix: “aba” or “oo” e.g.Abafundi, ootata

bam bakho bethu bakhe babo

Prefix: “isi” e.g. isihlangu

sam sakho sethu sakhe sabo

Prefix: “izi” e.g. izihlangu

zam zakho zethu zakhe zabo

Prefix: “ili” e.g. i(li)qhosha

lam lakho lethu lakhe labo