Language of a Research Report& Writing Conclusion Chapter

Presenters1. Hina Nawaz2. Rabia Seeme3. Irshad Hussain

Language of Report“A report is generally an analysis,

evaluation or description based on research.”

Note: Reports are generally written in a formal style.

What makes something formal?

Use of Neutral, Clear and concise verbs

Use of few personal pronounsUse of passive voiceClear and correct paragraphs

Writing Conclusion Chapter

IntroductionFunctions Features avoidanceStructure of Conclusion chapter

Introduction The last chapter.It is very important.A little bit difficult.The challenging chapter.

Why it’s Important.It is the often LAST piece of text

in the thesis that examiners read. 

 A good conclusion will provide you with the energy to publish your thesis.

Why it’s difficultPsychologically you have

“finished” your thesis, so it is hard to write another chapter ’

You are tired after many years of work 

You are a little bored with the topic because the interesting discoveries have been made.

Why it’s challenging Have To sum up the whole thesis

in a few paragraphs. you have to convince others that

your research was successful

Functions

To summarize the whole study in a nutshell.To provide an overview and significance of

the discovered knowledge.To recommend areas for further researches.

Features The Conclusions are what the Discussion

chapter has been arguing for.The Conclusions may be a separate

chapter or they may be combined with the Discussion chapter.

The Conclusions reached in this chapter should be drawn from the Discussion chapter.

The Conclusions should respond to the aims that were stated in the first chapter.

Avoid Avoid claiming findings that

you have not proven throughout your thesis.

Avoid further discussion.Avoid hiding limitations in your

thesis.Avoid being too long

(repetitive) or too short

Structure Introductory restatement of aims,

research questions;Consolidation of present research

(e.g. findings, limitations);Practical

applications/implications;Recommendations for further

research.

Structure

One paragraph stating what you researched and what your original contribution to the field is…then break into section.

One section on what you researched and how you did it.

One section on what are the main findings were… showing links across chapters (this explains why you chose the structure you did)

One section on possible areas for future research.

Final section reminding readers of the original contribution and significance of your research to your field.