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Guide name:
ManjunathsirStudent Name:
YADAV DANKUMAR V.1NJ10EC013
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Contents
Introduction
Transmitter design
Receiver design
Rectification antenna
Schottky diode
Sensor circuitry
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
Future scope
References
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Introduction
The mobile can be charged at any time, anywhere.
The microwaves are used to charge the mobile phones.
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The Electromagnetic SpectrumThe light travels with the speed of 3*10^5 km/sec
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The Microwave Region
The license free 2.45 GHz ISM band is been selected for the purpose of thisexperiment.
The 2.45GHz lies in between 2GHz to 4GHz which is the S band shownbelow.
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Transmitter Design
Magnetron
Magnetron is high power microwave oscillator.
Efficiency of this high power oscillator lies between 50% and 80%.
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Self contained microwave oscillator (magnetron)
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Receiver design
An additional feature to the mobile is RECTENNA.
RECTENNA Rectification + Antenna
Transmitting station with the microwave
transmitter
sensor
Rectenna
RT cable
circulator
waveguide
Slotted waveguideAntenna
mobile signal
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Process of Rectification
Directly converts the microwave signal into DC power.
The efficiency is up to 90% in laboratory environments.
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Schottky diode
A Schottky barrier diode -- majority carrier device
Common diode -- minority carrier device.
Its reverse recovery time Trr is very short and shorter than 10 nS.
The forward voltage bias of the Schottky barrier diode is under 0.6V.
This is a comparatively ideal diode, such as for a 1 ampere limit
current PN interface.
P=0.6*1=0.6W Schottky diodeP=1.1*1=1.1W common diode
Power comparison between common diode and Schottky diode
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Sensor circuitry The sensor circuitry is a simple circuit, which detects if the mobile phone
receives any message signal.
In India the operating frequency of the mobile phone operators is
generally 900MHz or 1800MHz for the GSM system for mobile
communication.
A simple yet powerful F to V converter is LM2907.
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Advantages
Wireless energy transfer can potentially recharge the mobile phones
without chords.
Only one microwave transmitter can serve to all the service providers in
that area.
The need of different types of chargers by different manufacturers is
totally eliminated.
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Disadvantages
The transmitter and receiver also should be very powerful devices as
the distance increases.
Wireless transmission of the energy causes some drastic effects to
human body, because of its radiation.
Practical possibilities are not yet applicable as there is no much
advancement in this field.
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Conclusion
A novel method of using the power of the microwave to charge the
mobile phones without the use of wired chargers.
This method provides great advantage to the mobile phone users to
carry their phones anywhere even if the place is devoid of facilities
for charging.
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Future scope
The wireless charging can even be done using the data exchange as
now only its only been implemented for voice calls.
With the advent of nanotechnology and MEMS the size of these
rectennas can be brought down to molecular level. It has been
theorized that similar devices, scaled down to the proportions used in
nanotechnology, could be used to convert light into electricity at much
greater efficiencies than what is currently possible with solar cells. This
type of device is called an optical rectenna.
