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When are we going to get to the science factory? Richard Akerman uOttawa Research Conversations October 23, 2012

When are we going to get to the science factory?

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Presentation to uOttawa about digital + network impact on cultural and scientific communication. October 23, 2012.

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Page 1: When are we going to get to the science factory?

When are we going to get to the science factory?

Richard AkermanuOttawa Research Conversations

October 23, 2012

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This Diagram Explains the Future

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This List Explains the Past

• Google 1999• Facebook 2004• iPhone 2007• iPad 2010

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The Future is Already Here (1)

http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/10/21/tina-brown-newsweek-s-all-digital-future.html

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The Future is Already Here (2)

http://bit.ly/PlNdGd

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The Old World (Disrupted)

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Digital + Network Disrupts

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vesta_from_Dawn,_July_17.jpg

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Consequences

• End of film developers (but not photography)• End of record stores (but not music)• End of video stores

– 4 billion hours/month of YouTube• End of book stores• End of newsstands• Re-examination of any content communications system

– Enormous challenges for academic libraries– Enormous challenges for scholarly communication– Enormous challenges for universities

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Digital + Network is Different

• Discovery• Focus on individual content items• Copying• Sharing• Remixing

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There Are Many Copies

http://www.flickr.com/photos/kk/18112585/

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Network

http://www.flickr.com/photos/sjcockell/3251147920/

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Show me the money (1)

• Paid authors• Paid editors• Printing costs• Traditional content model is a mix of user fees

(subscriptions, newsstand purchase) and advertising

• Barron’s 2009 – “Until recently, many newspapers had profit margins exceeding 30%”

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The Science Factory

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The Old World (Not Disrupted)

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Show me the money (2)

• Authors (not paid by the publisher)– In fact sometimes they have to pay to be published

• Content reviewers (not paid by the publisher)• Paid editors• Switch to digital, much less print• Mostly subscription revenues (licensed

content), very limited ad revenue• Reed Elsevier 2012 Interim Results

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Paying Twice?

• Institutions (usually through their libraries) have to pay to access science that they have funded, either through salaries or grants

• In particular the public has to pay to access research that tax dollars have already paid for

• But there can be a lot of value-add in the editorial process

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Spring

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Open Access

http://www.flickr.com/photos/communityfriend/2342578485/

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Open Access (2)

• http://thecostofknowledge.com/ 12,837• We The People petition 31,203• US Federal Research Public Access Act• (Harvard)

Faculty Advisory Council Memorandum on Journal Pricing– “Consider submitting articles to open-access

journals, or to ones that have reasonable, sustainable subscription costs; move prestige to open access”

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Open Access (3)

• “I realise this move to open access presents a challenge and opportunity for your industry, as you have historically received funding by charging for access to a publication. Nevertheless that funding model is surely going to have to change…. To try to preserve the old model is the wrong battle to fight.”

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Open Access (4)

• A lot of this is about making sure that money turns into access for the public and the rights expected in the digital environment, it’s not about eliminating the money altogether

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Scholarly Communication Disruptedin Many Other Ways

• Social media (blogs, twitter)• Repositories• Data sharing, open data, data citation• New models of reputation and reward

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What Can You Do?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ramkarthik/4022566308/

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Inform Yourself (1)

• LSE Impact Blog• T. Scott Plutchak• Scholarly Kitchen• Science in the Open• Michael Nielsen

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Inform Yourself (2)

• http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/• Open Access Week 2012– http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/oaweek.jsp?language=en – http://www.openaccessweek.org/

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National Research Council

• NRC Publications Archive (NPARC)• PubMedCentral (PMC) Canada – free to read,

but not open access

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Summary

• Fundamental change due to properties of the digital environment – impacting all of our culture

• Be a healthy part of the digital ecosystem• Disruption of each aspect of scholarly communication

• Monitor the ongoing experiments• Opportunities for adaptive individuals and

organisations

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